NAIROBI: In one of Africa’s largest dumps, some residents are making a living by collecting and recycling hair from mountains of rubbish.
Nairobi’s Dandora Municipal Dumpsite stretches as far as the eye can see. It was declared full in 2001 but has remained active, with 850 to 1,500 tons of waste arriving every day. Kenya last month implemented a ban on plastic bags, a major contributor to the towering piles of trash.
Many environmentalists have campaigned for years to have the dump shut down, calling it an eyesore and a hazard. But for thousands of Kenyans, the dump is their means of existence.
Winnie Wanjira, 31, has spent her whole life at the dump, one of an estimated 6,000 people making their living by scavenging in the rubbish. Some people raise pigs on the organic waste, while others find items to sell.
Wanjira has tapped into the multi-billion-dollar global hair care industry, buying hair extensions collected by young boys in the dump and then selling it to beauty salons for a small profit.
You can get lucky and find unused human hair,” she said. “Maybe someone bought it and wasn’t satisfied with it, maybe the color, then they threw it away.” Of the different types of hair extensions, human hair is the most coveted for its softness and versatility.
The rising demand in Africa and elsewhere has countries such as India, China and Brazil competing for the biggest share of the market.
Much of the recycled hair is sold to hairdressers in Korogocho, a slum across the river from the dump. Dozens of women have set up makeshift hair salons in the local market.
In a back alley in Korogocho, 29-year-old Mary Wanjiku washes the hair she recently bought. She uses detergent to wash and rinse it, sometimes applying oil and perfume.
“After we get the hair from the dumpsite we usually sort them out and pick the good ones,” Wanjiku said. She has been a hairdresser in Korogocho for nearly 10 years. Business can be slow — she averages seven customers a week — as she competes with more than 30 other stalls lined with hundreds of hairpieces.
But she is happy to be working there and says using hair from the dump makes a lot of business sense.
“We prefer to use those because they are cheap and easy to get because of close proximity, instead of those from the central business district that are expensive and also far away,” she said.
Wanjiku said she doesn’t go out of her way to tell customers where the hair comes from.
But she said many know and are happy that the hair has been sufficiently cleaned and is more affordable than hair in town, where a good weave can go for up to 50,000 Kenyan shillings ($485). A weave in Korogocho can go for around 600 shillings ($6).
One regular customer, 25-year-old housewife Ruth Njeri, said she has been coming to the salon since 2013.
She knows that the hair comes from the dump but said the benefits outweigh the negatives.
“They have good products that have a variety of colors and texture,” she said. “You get to choose what you want, some you can wash. Yeah, they are just good.”
Kenya dump dwellers make a living recycling hair extensions
Kenya dump dwellers make a living recycling hair extensions
Saudi banks extend $2.4bn in home loans in Feb.; demand broadens across nationals and expats
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s banks issued SR8.91 billion ($2.37 billion) in new residential mortgages to individuals in February — a 28.33 percent annual increase, according to official data.
Figures from the Saudi Central Bank, also known as SAMA, show that apartment lending recorded the highest growth during this period, rising by 46.45 percent to SR2.9 billion.
While houses continue to dominate residential real estate financing with a 62.6 percent share, this is down from 65.24 percent in February 2024 as demand gradually shifts toward apartments.
House loans posted strong growth of 23.05 percent, reaching SR5.57 billion, yet land financing stayed modest at SR436 million, with a minimal increase of 0.61 percent.
This momentum comes as Saudi Arabia pushes toward its Vision 2030 target of achieving 70 percent home ownership.
Demand is being fueled by citizens and a growing expatriate population. A March report by Knight Frank revealed that 72 percent of Saudis and expats aspire to own homes, with the figure soaring to 93 percent among high-income citizens earning more than SR50,000 per month. Among expats, 77 percent now express a desire to buy property in the Kingdom.
Despite the strong demand, affordability remains a challenge, according to Knight Frank — particularly in cities such as Riyadh, where apartment prices have climbed 75 percent since 2019 and villa prices are up 40 percent.
To address this, Saudi authorities are rolling out a wave of regulatory and urban planning reforms. In March, the Royal Commission for Riyadh City and the Council of Economic and Development Affairs unveiled initiatives aimed at stabilizing prices and expanding access to homeownership.
These include lifting restrictions on land transactions and development in key zones of northern Riyadh, unlocking 81.5 sq. km of land for new housing and commercial projects.
At the time, Finance Minister Mohammed Al-Jadaan said the move was expected to reduce price volatility, with new plots priced at no more than SR1,500 per sq. meter and made available to Saudi citizens over the age of 25.
As part of its broader Vision 2030 strategy, Saudi Arabia has also been liberalizing real estate laws to attract more foreign investment, especially in fast-growing sectors such as tourism, housing, and special economic zones.
In 2024, officials confirmed that new regulations are underway to expand foreign ownership rights in strategic projects such as NEOM and the Red Sea.
While foreigners can already own residential property in specific zones and access 99-year leases according to the Real Estate Saudi platform, most residential mortgages are concentrated among Saudi nationals, supported by programs like Sakani and Dhamanat.
Foreign investment in Saudi Arabia’s commercial real estate sector is subject to specific regulations and approval processes. Foreign investors are llowed to own real estate necessary for conducting their licensed business activities, including property for offices and employee accommodation, provided they obtain the requisite approval from the Ministry of Investment.
Additionally, for real estate intended for investment purposes — such as buying, selling, or leasing — the investment must meet a minimum threshold of SR30 million, with a commitment to develop the property within five years, according to the Saudi Embassy website in the US.
These measures ensure that foreign investments align with Saudi Arabia’s broader economic objectives and development plans.
Lebanon central bank must counter money laundering and terrorist financing, new governor says
BEIRUT: Lebanon’s central bank must focus on fighting money laundering and terrorist financing, its newly appointed governor said on Friday, as he began the job of salvaging the fragile banking sector and getting it off a global watchdog’s “grey list.”
The Financial Action Task Force placed Lebanon on its list of countries requiring special scrutiny last year in a move many have worried could discourage the foreign investment it needs to recover from a 2019 financial crisis that is still felt today.
Terrorist financing and money laundering are top concerns for the US, which wants to prevent Hezbollah from using the Lebanese financial system and cash flows through the country to re-establish itself.
Karim Souaid, who was appointed last week, listed his main priorities during his official handover with the outgoing acting central bank governor who preceded him.
“The most important of these are combating money laundering and terrorist financing, and identifying and disclosing politically and financially influential individuals, their relatives, and those associated with them,” he said.
Souaid replaces interim chief Wassim Mansouri, who has been overseeing the bank since long-serving governor Riad Salameh’s tenure ended in disgrace in 2023 due to the financial implosion and accusations of embezzlement, which Salameh denies.
Triggered by widespread corruption and profligate spending by the ruling class, the financial crisis in Lebanon brought the banking system to a standstill, creating an estimated $72 billion in losses.
Souaid said the central bank would work to reschedule public debt and pay back depositors, while calling upon private banks to gradually raise their capital by injecting fresh funds.
Those banks unable or unwilling to do so, should look to merge with other institutions. Otherwise, they would be liquidated in an orderly manner, with their licenses revoked and depositors’ rights protected, he said.
Souaid also pledged to safeguard the central bank’s independence from political pressure and prevent conflicts of interest.
“I will ensure that this national institution remains independent in its decision-making, shielded from interference, and grounded in the core principles of transparency and integrity,” he said.
Office returns: Up to 59% of firms to increase investment in workplace fit-outs by 2030, says JLL
RIYADH: The global office sector is rebounding as companies scale back hybrid employment options, increasing demand for workspaces, a new survey shows.
The study by JLL, featured in the Global Office Fit-Out Costs Guide 2025, reveals that 59 percent of organizations are increasing investments in design and fit-outs.
The report, which analyzes data from 68 cities across 40 countries, also highlights that office fit-out costs have risen in the past 12 months across all regions surveyed, with varying degrees of increase.
According to JLL, as in previous years, the highest fit-out costs are found in the US, Canada, and the UK, as well as Switzerland, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE.
Singapore and Japan also feature high in the list.
This correlates with the global office spaces market, which was valued at $3.1 trillion in 2022 and is projected to grow to $4.9 trillion by 2032. According to Allied Market Research, this represents a compound annual growth rate of 4.6 percent.
It also aligns with the growth of the office space market fueled by a rise in infrastructure projects for the commercial sector, including the development of new office buildings, business parks, and the renovation of workplaces in urban areas.
In a statement reflecting on the study, JLL’s CEO of Project and Development Services at Work Dynamics Cynthia Kantor said: “Five years following the start of the global pandemic, we continue to see the evolution and growing momentum toward the office sector.”
The JLL analysis further highlighted that multinational corporations must understand regional disparities in office fit-out costs to inform strategic planning.
Regionally, North America commands the highest office fit-out premium, with an average cost of 3,070 per sq. meter, well above the global average of 1,830 per sq. meter.
In Latin America, the average cost is 1,790, while in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, the average price is 1,970. The Asia Pacific region offers the lowest average fit-out cost at $1,460.
Significant variations in office fit-out costs also exist between major urban areas. US cities lead the top 20 municipalities with the highest office fit-out costs, alongside prominent locations like Vancouver, Tokyo, London, and Dubai.
Fast-growing cities in India, South Africa, Vietnam, and China offer some of the lowest fit-out costs despite the fact they are seeing rapid construction growth and an evolving cost landscape.
Macro-economic impacts
The JLL report further sheds light on how, in the markets evaluated, increases in fit-out costs over the past 12 months were primarily driven by inflation, rising material costs, and currency fluctuations.
Additionally, 75 percent of the markets saw a rise in raw material prices, while 50 percent experienced labor shortages that contributed to higher construction costs.
“Organizations need to factor in these potential cost factors throughout global construction when developing their fit-out budgets,” the JLL statement said.
It added that builder works or construction account for the largest component of fit-out costs — 37 percent — in all regions except Latin America.
These costs can be most susceptible to raw material prices and supply chain risks. Mechanical and electrical expenses account for the second-largest cost, varying from 20 percent to 45 percent.
Sustainability continues to fuel growing demand
The study by JLL explains that as interest in healthier, energy-efficient workspaces surges and supply struggles to meet demand, the need for sustainable fit-outs is growing.
According to the survey, 60 percent of markets have seen a rise in client inquiries for more sustainable fit-outs over the past year.
This aligns with recent JLL Future of Work research, which revealed that 66.66 percent of organizations worldwide plan to increase their investment in sustainability over the next five years.
“A large part of sustainable fit-out costs are dedicated to mechanical and electrical services, which, across all countries, were found to account for an average of 29 percent of total fit-out expenses, with some regions reporting 40-50 percent of costs,” the JLL report said.
“However, these upfront costs are often where the greatest long-term cost efficiencies can be found, as research has also shown that investing in upgrades to M&E services can save between 10 percent - 40 percent on operational energy costs, depending on the level of investment and upgrade,” it added.
Investing in energy-efficient components during fit-outs and consulting with sustainability experts early in the planning phase can help incorporate sustainability requirements and costs into decision-making, thereby minimizing the risk of late adjustments, the JLL statement justified.
Optimism for offices amid caution over potential challenges
Despite a positive outlook, office fit-out development faces several challenges.
That said, the report underlines a need for global firms to address local and regional issues such as labor shortages, talent acquisition, and material availability, as well as liquidity to ensure project success.
The report also suggests that economic and political uncertainty, particularly trade and tariff implications, continue to create instability.
Consequently, early planning for lease expirations and strategic investment in existing buildings is set to benefit both landlords and occupiers, helping to manage costs and navigate the tighter timeframes caused by hesitancy around investment.
“The global office sector faces a complex landscape of challenges and opportunities in 2025,” the Director of Research and Strategy at Work Dynamics Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, Ruth Hynes, said.
“As corporate clients grow and expand their footprints, we anticipate the office construction will remain active even amid market uncertainty, and encourage early, strategic planning to ensure the success of fit-out initiatives,” Hynes added.
Oil Updates — crude tumbles 8% as China retaliates with tariffs on US
- Brent and WTI set for lowest close since April 2021
- China to impose retaliatory tariffs on US
LONDON: Oil prices plunged by 8 percent on Friday, heading for their lowest close since the midst of the coronavirus pandemic in 2021, as China hit back in an escalating global trade war with the US after President Donald Trump’s barrage of levies this week.
China announced it will impose additional tariffs of 34 percent on all US goods from April 10. Nations around the world have readied retaliation after Trump raised tariff barriers to their highest in more than a century, leading to a plunge in world financial markets.
Brent futures dived by $5.30, or 7.6 percent, to $64.84 a barrel by 3:54 p.m. Saudi time. US West Texas Intermediate crude futures lost $5.47, or 8.2 percent, to $61.48.
Both benchmarks were on course for their biggest weekly losses in percentage terms in more than two years.
“China’s aggressive countermove to US tariffs all but confirms we are heading toward a global trade war; a war that has no winners and which will hurt economic growth and demand for key commodities such as crude oil and refined products,” said Ole Hansen, head of commodity strategy at Saxo Bank.
Fuelling the oil sell-off was a decision by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, known collectively as OPEC+, to advance plans for output increases, with the group now aiming to return 411,000 barrels per day to the market in May, up from the previously planned 135,000 bpd.
Imports of oil, gas and refined products were given exemptions from Trump’s sweeping new tariffs, but the policies could stoke inflation, slow economic growth and intensify trade disputes, weighing on oil prices.
Goldman Sachs analysts responded with sharp cuts to their December 2025 targets for Brent and WTI by $5 each to $66 and $62 respectively.
“The risks to our reduced oil price forecast are to the downside, especially for 2026, given growing risks of recession and to a lesser extent of higher OPEC+ supply,” the bank’s head of oil research, Daan Struyven, said in a note.
Closing Bell: Saudi main index slips to close at 11,882.65
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s Tadawul All Share Index slipped on Thursday, losing 142.40 points, or 1.18 percent, to close at 11,882.65.
The total trading turnover of the benchmark index was SR5.53 billion ($1.47 billion), as 58 stocks advanced and 184 retreated.
Similarly, the Kingdom’s parallel market Nomu lost 445.6 points, or 1.43 percent, to close at 30,640.93. This came as 27 listed stocks advanced while 67 retreated.
The MSCI Tadawul Index lost 20.19 points, or 1.32 percent, to close at 1,504.15.
The best-performing stock of the day was Fitaihi Holding Group, whose share price surged 9.65 percent to SR4.43.
Other top performers included Zamil Industrial Investment Co., whose share price rose 6.57 percent to SR38.85, as well as Mobile Telecommunication Co. Saudi Arabia, whose share price surged 4.97 percent to SR11.82.
Tabuk Agricultural Development Co. recorded the most significant drop, falling 8.58 percent to SR12.36.
Arabian Co. for Agricultural and Industrial Investment also saw its stock price fall 7.59 percent to SR53.60.
Raydan Food Co. also saw its stock price decline 7.44 percent to SR19.16.
Horizon Food Co. has announced the board resolution to transfer from Nomu to the main market and appoint Al-Istithmar Capital as a financial adviser for the transition. According to a Tadawul statement, the transfer is contingent upon approval from the Capital Market Authority in accordance with listing regulations and is subject to meeting all requirements set by the Saudi Exchange.
Horizon Food Co. ended the session at SR40, up 2.56 percent.
Emaar, The Economic City seeks to convert SR4.12 billion worth of debt owed to the Public Investment Fund into capital.
The proposed debt conversion is one component of the company’s capital optimization plan announced in September, designed to stabilize the entity’s financial and operational positions as well as optimize its capital structure to boost its ability to move forward with its growth plans.
Emaar, The Economic City ended the session at SR14.44, down 0.28 percent.
The Saudi Stock Exchange has announced the suspension of trading in the shares of seven listed companies for one session on Thursday due to the firms’ failure to disclose their annual financial statements ending Dec. 31 within the statutory period specified in the Securities Offerings and Continuing Obligations Rules issued by the CMA Board.
From the main market, the firms include Saudi Industrial Development Co., Development Works Food Co., and National Gypsum Co., as well as Arabian Contracting Services Co. and Al Jouf Cement Co.
From the parallel market, the companies are Keir International Co. and Knowledge Net Co.
