Pakistan devalues rupee for third time as external pressure mounts

Passersby walk past an advertisement board with photos of Pakistani rupee at a money exchange along a sidewalk in Karachi on June 11, 2018. (REUTERS/Akhtar Soomro)
Updated 12 June 2018
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Pakistan devalues rupee for third time as external pressure mounts

  • Pakistan’s external balance of payments position is under pressure due to a large trade deficit
  • Pakistan’s trade deficit during 11MFY18 widened to $34 billion. Exports stood $21.34 billion while imports increased to $55.23 billion, FBS

KARACHI: Pakistan on Monday devalued its national currency for the third time in the current fiscal year following mounting external balance of payment pressure in the backdrop huge trade deficit, due to increasing imports and insufficient exports.

“The PKR-$ exchange rate in the interbank market closed at PKR119.84 per US dollar while witnessing an intraday low and high of PKR117 and PKR121.50 per US dollar respectively. This movement is based on foreign exchange demand-supply gap in the interbank market,” said the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP).

This is the third time that the Pak rupee has been devalued during the current fiscal year FY18. The Government had devalued the Pak rupee by around 5 percent on Dec. 8, 2017 to PKR110, and then again by around 4.5 percent to PKR115 on March 20, 2018.
“The market-based adjustment is reflective of the country’s external balance of payments position, which is under pressure due to a large trade deficit. Despite the continued growth in exports (13.3 percent in Jul-Apr FY18) and some uptick in remittances, growing imports have pushed the current account deficit to $14 billion during the first ten months of FY18, which is 1.5 times the level of deficit realized during the same period last year,” the central bank added.
SBP is of the view that this market-driven adjustment in the exchange rate, along with other recent policy measures, is expected to contain the imbalances in the external account, thereby containing aggregate demand and also facilitating the prospects for generating non-debt creating inflows.
The authorities adopted a similar methodology to weaken the national currency on Monday as was employed during the past two adjustments. “In the early hours the currency was allowed to depreciate against the dollar in the interbank market in a controlled manner, as was done previously, but this time a caretaker government is in the office,” Zeeshan Afzal, executive director research at Insight Securities, told Arab News.
Pakistan has taken steps to adjust its national currency with an international basket of currencies in real value terms following historical high current account deficit which swelled up to $14 billion or 4.4 percent of GDP.
“We believe this is much needed as Pakistan’s external account continues to deteriorate as the external current account deficit remained higher than our expectations. For FY18, we now expect CAD to be in the range of $17-18 billion or 5.4-5.8 percent of GDP,” Umair Nassir, analyst at Topline Securities, told Arab News.
Analysts believe that the Pakistan rupee is still undervalue by up to 10 percent as compared with the dollar. “Based on the Real Effective Exchange Rate, we are revising our exchange rate assumption for FY19. We now expect the Pak rupee to devalue to PKR131, further depreciation of 7 to 10 percent, by Jun 2019,” Nassir added.
As the devaluation is expected to infinite inflationary pressure, the analysts expect that the SBP will increase its policy rate from current 6.5 percent to 8-8.25 percent in the next monetary policy announcement.
Pakistan’s trade deficit during 11 months of the current fiscal year has widened to $34 billion as exports stood at $21.34 billion, while imports increased to $55.23 billion, latest figures released by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics show.
The devaluation is aimed at encouraging exports by making local products compatible in the international market. However, Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FPCCI), apex body of industrialist and traders, negates this impression, terming it “only a short-term gain/ measure.”
“This (devaluation) shows that the previous two devaluations did not yield the desired results. I don’t think this will benefit the economy in the long term as it will make output expensive in the absence of value addition,” Syed Mazhar Ali Nasir, senior vice president of FPCCI, told Arab News.
The move also rumpled Pakistan stock exchange which closed bearish, down by 16 points. “Stocks closed lower amid midsession pressure on rupee devaluation weakening earnings outlook for the auto, cement and steel sector. The devaluation was expected and is likely to continue to fund trade deficit,” Ahsan Mehanti, senior analyst and chief executive of Arif Habib Group.
As the experts expect further devaluation, the central bank says it will continue to closely monitor the foreign exchange markets; and stands ready to ensure stability in the financial markets and curb the emergence of speculative pressures.


Pakistan’s Punjab launches 10-year smog plan amid record air pollution

Updated 10 sec ago
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Pakistan’s Punjab launches 10-year smog plan amid record air pollution

  • Government has distributed super seeders to farmers to support precision seeding 
  • 800 brick kilns demolished instead of being sealed which briefly happens each year

ISLAMABAD: Punjab Senior Minister Marriyum Aurangzeb on Friday announced the provincial government had launched a 10-year smog mitigation plan, as record-high air pollution levels have triggered hundreds of hospitalizations, school closures and stay-at-home orders in several districts of the Pakistan’s most populous province. 
On Friday, the provincial capital of Lahore, home to 13 million people, had the worst air quality of any city in the world, according to live readings by IQAir, a Swiss air quality monitoring company. 
Toxic smog has enveloped Lahore and at least 17 other districts in Punjab since last month, where health officials have been forced to close down schools and government offices, among other measures. 
“For the first time, Punjab has developed a 10-year climate change policy,” Aurangzeb said while addressing a press conference in Lahore, saying Punjab Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif was “personally” monitoring the plan’s implementation.
Pakistan, like neighboring India, battles pollution each year as temperatures fall and cold air traps construction dust, vehicle emissions and smoke as farmers illegally burn paddy stubble to clear fields. Prohibited brick-kilns and smoke-emitting vehicles also contribute to the problem. 
Speaking about measures taken to combat air pollution, the minister said the Punjab government had distributed super seeders to farmers, bearing 60 percent of their cost while farmers paid the remaining 40 percent. The no-till planters are designed for precision seeding which helps farmers contribute to cleaner air, improved soil health, and a more sustainable agricultural ecosystem.
“We have an aim of distributing 5,000 super seeders in Punjab by July next year,” the minister said. “We have now engaged more companies to increase production of super seeders.”
Aurangzeb also said authorities had demolished 800 brick kilns.
“We did not seal them this time because they would begin operating again from January if they were only sealed,” she added.
The minister said environmental control systems to detect smoke had been set up through loans provided by the Punjab government.
“More than 90 small and medium sized industries have installed the system using this loan,” she said, encouraging people to help with the afforestation of Lahore.
“Forest cover of Lahore should be 36 percent on international standard, it is 3 percent now,” Aurangzeb said. “Green master plan of Lahore has been made. Implementation has started. Forest cover is planned to be increased, which is a part of this plan.”
Earlier this week, the government of Punjab closed all high schools in the province until Nov. 17 due to persisting smog. 
Primary schools and government offices had already been closed until Nov. 17 in many districts of Punjab earlier this month, with school closures likely to affect the education of more than 20 million students, according to associations representing private and government schools.
Authorities in 18 districts of Punjab also closed all public parks, zoos and museums, historical places, and playgrounds for ten days last week. 
On Friday, a court in Lahore ordered the government to shut all markets after 8pm. Authorities have already banned barbecuing food without filters and ordered wedding halls to close by 10pm.
On Monday, the UN children’s agency said the health of 11 million children in Punjab province was in danger because of air pollution.


Daesh group gunmen kill politician in Pakistan

Updated 6 min 5 sec ago
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Daesh group gunmen kill politician in Pakistan

  • Daesh group Khorasan branch said its “soldiers shot an official of the apostate political party”
  • Daesh militants have killed at least 39 people in targeted attacks, bomb explosions this year, police say

PESHAWAR: Gunmen from the regional branch of the Daesh group have killed a politician affiliated with a religious political party in northwest Pakistan, police and the militants said Friday.
“Jamaat-e-Islami Bajaur leader Sufi Hameed was leaving the mosque after offering prayers after sunset (Thursday) when two masked men on a motorcycle opened fire on him,” senior police official Waqar Rafiq told AFP.
The official said the attackers escaped after shooting the politician in Bajaur district, near the border with Afghanistan where militants remain active.
The Daesh group Khorasan branch (IS-K) said its “soldiers shot an official of the apostate political party,” in a message on Telegram.
The local chapter of the group accuses religious political parties of going against strict religious preachings and supporting the country’s government and the military.
IS-K has recently carried out several attacks against political parties, including a suicide bomb blast at a rally in Bajaur last year which killed at least 54 people including 23 children.
“In this year alone, they have killed at least 39 people in targeted attacks and bomb explosions” in Bajaur, a senior local security official told AFP on the condition of anonymity.
In both Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, where Bajuar is located, and Balochistan province in the southwest, armed militants regularly target security forces and state representatives.
Militants operating in Pakistan include Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), the country’s homegrown Taliban group.
Pakistan has seen a sharp rise in militant attacks in regions bordering Afghanistan since the Taliban returned to power in the country in 2021.


US urges sports diplomacy between Pakistan, India following ICC Champions Trophy row

Updated 14 min 50 sec ago
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US urges sports diplomacy between Pakistan, India following ICC Champions Trophy row

  • State Department Deputy Spokesperson Vedant Patel highlights the role of sports in “connecting people”
  • India has refused to travel to Pakistan for ICC Champions Trophy slated to be held from Feb-March next year

ISLAMABAD: US State Department Deputy Spokesperson Vedant Patel on Friday encouraged sports diplomacy between Pakistan and India amid a row over New Delhi’s refusal to send its cricket team to neighboring Pakistan for the ICC Champions Trophy.
The ICC informed Pakistan last week India had declined to play any games in Pakistan during the Champions Trophy, which is scheduled to be held from Feb. 19 - March 9. The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) has sought clarification from the ICC on the refusal.
“Bilateral relationships are certainly not something for us to get in the middle of but sports is certainly a potent and connecting force,” Patel said during a weekly press briefing. “You have seen the secretary and this department really prioritize the role that sports diplomacy has in connecting people.”
Patel added that bilateral relations between Pakistan and India ought to be discussed between the countries on their own through sports orother means. 
“At the end of the day, sports really connects so many people and is a great way for the human-to-human and people-to-people ties this administration has really prioritized,” he said.
India has not toured Pakistan since 2008 because of soured political relations between the neighbors, who play each other only in global multi-team tournaments. Pakistan hosted the Asia Cup last year but the winners India played all their matches in Sri Lanka under a “hybrid model.”
The PCB has ruled out a similar arrangement for the 2025 Champions Trophy despite the Indian Cricket Board (BCCI) maintaining its stance of not sending a team to Pakistan, citing government advice.


Pakistan unveils first National Climate Finance Strategy on COP29 sidelines

Updated 15 November 2024
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Pakistan unveils first National Climate Finance Strategy on COP29 sidelines

  • Strategy aimed at mobilizing financial resources and investments for climate mitigation and adaptation
  • Pakistan is ranked 5th most vulnerable country to climate change, according to Global Climate Risk Index

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan has unveiled its first-ever National Climate Finance Strategy (NCFS), aimed at mobilizing financial resources for climate mitigation and adaptation, Radio Pakistan reported on Friday. 
The strategy was launched by Federal Minister for Finance, Muhammad Aurangzeb, and the Prime Minister’s Coordinator on Climate Change, Romina Khurshid Alam, at the Pakistan Pavilion in Baku on the sidelines of the two-week UN-led global climate conference (COP29).
“[Strategy] outlines a comprehensive framework to scale up climate-related investments, attract international funding, and strengthen domestic financial systems,” Radio Pakistan reported.
“The strategy provides a roadmap for Pakistan to systematically access climate finance from a variety of domestic and international sources, reinforcing the country’s commitment to the Paris Agreement and its climate resilience goals.”
Speaking on the occasion, Aurangzeb said the strategy would enable Pakistan to leverage international, domestic, and private finance to support climate resilience efforts.
The strategy prioritizes sectoral resilience and the development of climate-smart policies across key sectors such as agriculture, infrastructure, and urban planning, the finance minister said, adding that NCFS identified key financial instruments and channels for climate action, aiming to close the estimated $348 billion climate finance gap facing the country by 2030.
The NCFS also incorporates a new National Climate Finance Portal that will track climate finance inflows and outflows, ensuring transparency and accountability.
Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, who spoke at a number of events at COP29 earlier this week, used the forum to highlight the need to restore confidence in the pledging process and increase climate finance for vulnerable, developing countries.
The main task for nearly 200 countries at the COP29 summit from Nov. 11-22 is to broker a deal that ensures up to trillions of dollars in financing for climate projects worldwide. 
Pakistan is ranked the 5th most vulnerable country to climate change, according to the Global Climate Risk Index. In 2022, devastating floods killed over 1,700 people and affected over 33 million, with economic losses exceeding $30 billion. International donors pledged over $9 billion last January to aid Pakistan’s flood recovery but officials say little of the promised funds have been received so far.
Speaking on the sidelines of the World Leaders’ Climate Action Summit on Tuesday, Sharif said developing countries would need an estimated $6.8 trillion by 2030 to implement less than half of their current nationally determined contributions (NDCs), or national action plans for reducing emissions and adapting to climate impacts defined by the Paris Agreement.
Most of the world’s climate-friendly spending so far has been skewed toward major economies such as China and the United States. Africa’s 54 countries received just 2 percent of global renewable energy investments over the last two decades.


‘Rain prayers’ to be organized across Pakistan today as toxic smog chokes cities

Updated 15 November 2024
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‘Rain prayers’ to be organized across Pakistan today as toxic smog chokes cities

  • Toxic smog has enveloped the eastern city of Lahore and 17 other districts of Punjab province since last month
  • Lahore, home to 13 million people, had the worst air quality in the world on Friday, according to live readings by IQAir

ISLAMABAD: On the appeal of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, special prayers for rainfall will be organized across Pakistan today, Friday, as record-high air pollution levels have triggered hundreds of hospitalizations, school closures and stay-at-home orders in several districts of the most populous Punjab province. 
On Friday, Lahore, home to 13 million people, had the worst air quality of any city in the world, according to live readings by IQAir, a Swiss air quality monitoring company.

A man rides his motorbike along a street engulfed in smog in Lahore on November 14, 2024. (AFP)

On Thursday, Sharif appealed to the nation to perform Istisqa prayers, a special Islamic ritual performed to seek rain, primarily during times of drought or severe water shortages.
“Salat Al-Istisqa for rain will be offered across the country today [Friday] on the appeal of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif to the nation,” Radio Pakistan reported, saying Sharif had urged religious scholars and prayer leaders to play their role in organizing the special ritual. 

Commuters move along a road amid heavy smoggy conditions in Peshawar on November 11, 2024. (AFP)

Earlier this week, the government of Punjab closed all high schools in the province until Nov. 17 due to persisting smog. 
Primary schools and government offices had already been closed until Nov. 17 in many districts of Punjab earlier this month, with school closures likely to affect the education of more than 20 million students, according to associations representing private and government schools.

The 62-storey tower at the Bahria Icon Tower complex is seen through smog and air pollution on a morning in Karachi on November 15, 2024. (REUTERS)

Authorities in 18 districts of Punjab also closed all public parks, zoos and museums, historical places, and playgrounds for ten days last week. 
On Friday, a court in Lahore ordered the government to shut all markets after 8pm. Authorities have already banned barbecuing food without filters and ordered wedding halls to close by 10pm.
On Monday, the UN children’s agency said the health of 11 million children in Punjab province was in danger because of air pollution.