KARACHI: In 1954, Muhammad Riaz set up a bookstore in Karachi, just around the corner from the delectable aromas and crowded pathways of the famous Burns Road food street.
Over the next three quarters of a century, a cavernous market of overflowing bookstores and stalls mushroomed all around Maktaba-e-Imran Digest Publishing and came to be called Urdu Bazaar. Today, it is a well-known city landmark, a sprawling space whose history mirrors the cultural development of Karachi itself and which offers a glimpse into the soul and workings of Pakistan’s chaotic financial hub.
But the bazaar’s fate has been uncertain since earlier this month when nearly 70 shopkeepers were informed by the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) that they had to vacate their shops by January 8 or face forceful eviction.
The notice is part of a larger anti-encroachment drive launched by authorities last year following the orders of the Supreme Court to demolish illegal structures built on drains, pavements and state land. Since December 21, more than 3,500 shops have been demolished, directly affecting at least 17,500 workers. Hundreds of sunshades, extended walls, huts, hotels, cabins, street markets, marriage halls and banquets have also been razed to the ground in all six districts of the seaside city of 1.7 million.
For now, the anti-encroachment operation against the historic bazaar has been postponed due to protests by vendors and merchants, and a four-member committee has been set up to decide whether the market runs over a nullah, or drain.
Karachi mayor Waseem Akhtar said he was taking action against encroachers as per the law. “None of our actions are illegal,” he told Arab News at his office. “We are bound to implement the [Supreme] Court’s orders.”
But 70-year-old store manager Mahmood Ahmed said the bazaar was set up following legal procedures and that KMC had itself invited traders to the area in the fifties and asked them to set up their businesses there.
“We haven’t encroached,” the bespectacled shop owner told Arab News at Maktaba-e-Imran Digest Publishing, which he manages since his brother-in-law Riaz passed away. “Everything here was legal but with this notice we suddenly came to know we have no right to stay at a place which we developed into a centre of learning.”
When the subcontinent was divided in 1947, Pakistan made Urdu, the elegant, supple language associated with poets and emperors, her official language. The language was popularised by Muhajirs, mostly Muslim immigrants who arrived from various regions of India, were widely identified as native Urdu speakers and settled in parts of urban Sindh, including Karachi. Indeed, many of those who first opened bookshops in what is currently Urdu Bazaar were Urdu speakers, lending the market its name. Soon, the place became a regular haunt for poets and authors like Mushtaq Yousufi, Ibne Insha, Shaukat Thanvi, Jaun Elia and others -- and the rest as they say is history.
The bazaar’s groaning bookshelves and stalls culled from discarded pallets are a stone’s throw from heritage buildings like Radio Pakistan, the Sindh provincial parliament and the Supreme Court, in the heart of what is called Old Karachi. The area is a churning hive of shops, food stalls, street vendors, taxi drivers, rag pickers, and more. It’s narrow, teeming alleyways are alive with commerce. But as far as city authorities are concerned, this pulsating stretch of land is an emblem of everything that is wrong with the city.
“The objective [of the demolition] is to rob high-value space from where the poor are located and use it for the benefit of the rich and the speculators who serve them,” top architect Arif Hasan wrote in an op-ed in Dawn newspaper last year. “It is to replace hawkers and indigenous markets with malls and high-end retail outlets. That they can coexist...is beyond the comprehension of a paranoid elite and enemies of a multi-class city. “
By 2030, Karachi is expected to be the world’s third most populated city. The city is a planner’s nightmare and in theory, the anti-encroachment operations are meant to correct decades of failed urban development.
But plans to raze Urdu Bazaar threaten the very “social and cultural face of Karachi,” said Sahar Ansari, an Urdu poet and linguist.
“Urdu bazaar is the educational, literary and cultural face of Karachi and erasing the bazaar will be tantamount to erasing this very identity,” he said. “I have visited book bazaars in more than fifteen cities of Europe, Middle East, South and East Asia, which have played a great role in transforming those societies. How can we demolish ours which we Karachiites need the most today?”
Indeed, the market has become a temple for Karachi’s literary pilgrims, poets, writers, students of all ages, publishers and paper and stationary sellers. Some visitors are bibliophiles who come to immerse themselves in age-old tomes buried in tiny bookstores. Others are just browsing for textbooks or self-help manuals on meandering stalls that line the edge of the streets.
All around, the view is pure Karachi: the crowds, like in the rest of the city, are raucous and dense and the juxtapositions are jarring. A box set of works by Urdu prose writer Saadat Hasan Manto rubs shoulders with the biography of cricket star and current Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan. The historical fiction novel, Memoirs of a Geisha, sits atop a slippery stack of paperbacks about the Atkins diet. Rickety stalls piled high with fashion magazines are pressed up against concrete plaza buildings. Well-dressed university students buy textbooks from elderly bearded men who have grown old running their shops in Urdu Bazaar.
The bazaar’s literary torch is perhaps best represented by Faridi Publications whose 96-year-old founder set up the shop in 1980. Today, he runs it with his 62-year-old son Nazar Muhammad Faridi and 28-year-old grandson Osama Faridi, the three generations of men spending each day together among eager customers and a passel of books.
“This is not only monetary homicide for us,” Faridi said as he put an Urdu magazine in a shopping bag and handed it to be customer. “But they [KMC] are also robbing us of the memories of three generations attached to this old market.”
“We have paid our rents on time and now, after all these years, we are being asked to vacate,” Faridi’s son said as the sun set over the crowded street. “They want to rob us of everything. Our livelihood and our lovely memories.”
To tame Karachi’s architectural anarchy, a vintage book market may be felled
To tame Karachi’s architectural anarchy, a vintage book market may be felled
- Urdu Bazaar slated to be next victim of anti-encroachment drive
- Shopkeepers fear a centre of learning and culture may soon be lost
Pakistan’s KP to deploy law enforcers in Kurram as sectarian clashes kill 63
- Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government says negotiations underway between warring Kurram tribes
- Kurram, tribal district bordering Afghanistan, has a long history of violent, sectarian clashes
PESHAWAR: Pakistan’s northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) government announced on Wednesday that law enforcement personnel will be deployed in the restive Kurram district to maintain law and order, where sectarian clashes over the past three days have killed at least 63 and injured over 150.
Kurram, a former semi-autonomous tribal area bordering Afghanistan, has a long history of violent conflicts that have claimed hundreds of lives over the years. A major conflict in the district, triggered in 2007, lasted for years before being resolved by a jirga, or a council of tribal elders, in 2011.
The recent violence in the restive district erupted earlier this month when gunmen attacked a convoy carrying members of the minority Shiite community in the Uchat area of Lower Kurram, killing 41 people. A 10-day ceasefire announced by the KP government failed to hold as clashes between warring tribes continue.
“The process of negotiations are underway to resolve the issue peacefully,” an official handout by the chief minister’s office said about a meeting held by the CM Ali Amin Gandapur on the issue on Wednesday.
“To maintain peace, contingents of law enforcement personnel will be deployed at important places,” the statement added.
Participants of the meeting, which also featured the KP chief secretary and other senior officials, were briefed that a damages assessment was being conducted to compensate victims of the clashes.
KP Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur said the government’s top priority was ensuring lasting peace in the district.
“The provincial government will utilize all available resources for this purpose,” he said.
Participants were also told that standard operating procedures were being finalized to ensure the safe travel of people in the district.
The recent clashes in Kurram mark one of the deadliest incidents in the region in recent years, following outbreaks of sectarian violence in July and September that killed dozens.
Several hundred people demonstrated against the Kurram violence last week in Pakistan’s two largest cities, Lahore and Karachi, reflecting nationwide concern over the situation.
Pakistan reports fresh polio case from country’s northwest, taking 2024 tally to 56
- Male child contracts polio in northwestern Dera Ismail Khan district, confirm authorities
- Pakistan is one of only two countries worldwide where poliovirus still remains endemic
PESHAWAR: Pakistan reported another polio case from the country’s northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province on Wednesday, taking this year’s tally of the disease to 56 cases as Islamabad struggles in its efforts to contain the infection.
Pakistan, along with neighboring Afghanistan, remains the last polio-endemic country in the world. The nation’s polio eradication campaign has faced serious problems with a spike in reported cases this year that have prompted officials to review their approach to stopping the crippling disease.
The Regional Reference Laboratory for Polio Eradication at the National Institute of Health (NIH) confirmed the detection of the 56th wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) case of the year, saying that a male child in the northwestern district of Dera Ismail Khan had contracted the disease.
“This is the seventh polio case of the year from D.I. Khan, one of the seven polio-endemic districts of southern KP,” the polio program said.
Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province and KP have reported the highest number of polio cases this year, 26 and 15, respectively, while 13 have been reported from Sindh and one each from Punjab and Islamabad.
Poliovirus, which can cause crippling paralysis particularly in young children, is incurable and remains a threat to human health as long as it has not been eradicated. Immunization campaigns have succeeded in most countries and have come close in Pakistan, but persistent problems remain.
In the early 1990s, Pakistan reported around 20,000 cases annually but in 2018 the number dropped to eight cases. Six cases were reported in 2023 and only one in 2021.
Pakistan’s polio program began in 1994 but efforts to eradicate the virus have since been undermined by vaccine misinformation and opposition from some religious hard-liners, who say immunization is a foreign ploy to sterilize Muslim children or a cover for Western spies. Militant groups also frequently attack and kill members of polio vaccine teams.
‘Not on our watch’: Pakistan PM says won’t let Imran Khan supporters ‘destroy’ economy
- Thousands of Khan supporters protested in Pakistan’s capital on Tuesday, clashing with law enforcers
- Pakistan’s finance ministry says recent protests by Khan’s party cost country a whopping $684 million per day
ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Wednesday vowed not to let former prime minister Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party “destroy” the country’s economic progress, lamenting that the recent protests in Islamabad had cost the national exchequer a whopping Rs190 billion ($684 million) per day.
Thousands of supporters of Khan’s PTI entered Pakistan’s capital on Tuesday morning, braving teargas and arrests and crossing security barriers across the country. Pakistan’s government said clashes between Khan supporters, who were demanding the jailed former premier’s release from prison, left three Rangers personnel and one cop dead. The PTI says eight of its supporters were killed and “hundreds” were feared dead, a claim the government challenges.
Khan supporters fled the capital after security forces launched a sweeping midnight raid on Tuesday. The party, however, has said its sit-in protest against the government will continue, without specifying where it will take place.
“My heart cries tears of blood that after working so hard, we should let Pakistan be destroyed at the hands of such anarchists and enemies of the state?
“It is not possible, it will not happen. Not in our time, not on our watch. It will not happen, god willing,” Sharif said. “Together we will take Pakistan out of this.”
Sharif cited the finance ministry’s statement which had earlier this week said Pakistan suffered losses of $684 million per day due to the protests.
The prime minister urged the government to think about the future course of action regarding these protests, saying that it cannot be “business as usual.”
“We cannot let Pakistan be sacrificed under any circumstances,” Sharif said. “We will break the hand that wants to sacrifice Pakistan.”
The PTI’s protest took place during a three-day visit by the president of Belarus, who arrived in Islamabad with a 68-member delegation from his country, to take part in talks related to trade and investment.
Khan, who was ousted from power in a parliamentary no-trust vote in 2022, has been in prison since last year. He faces a slew of charges from terrorism to corruption that he says are politically motivated to keep him in jail and away from politics.
The charges kept Khan away from Feb. 8 general elections that his party says were rigged, an accusation denied by the election commission.
Qatari ambassador discusses bilateral investment and ties with Sindh governor
- Qatari envoy expressed interest in large-scale investments in Pakistan, particularly Karachi, says Sindh Governor
- PM Shehbaz Sharif last month visited Qatar to boost foreign trade, investment to stabilize $350 billion economy
KARACHI: Qatar’s Ambassador to Pakistan Ali Mubarak Ali Essa Al-Khater met Sindh Governor Kamran Tessori on Wednesday to discuss ways to increase bilateral investment and foster stronger ties between the two countries, the Governor House said.
Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif last month visited Qatar as he sought to bolster economic cooperation amid the country’s efforts to boost foreign investment and stabilize its frail $350 billion economy.
Islamabad and Doha have attempted to forge closer business ties over the past few months, with a Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) team also expected to visit Pakistan this month to set up an information technology (IT) park.
Al-Khater called on Tessori at the Governor House in Karachi where the two held a detailed meeting to discuss investment and other matters.
“The meeting focused on matters of mutual interest and fostering stronger bilateral ties,” the Governor House said. “During the visit, the Ambassador praised the Governor’s initiative and expressed Qatar’s desire to strengthen relations further with Pakistan, particularly in economic collaboration.”
Tessori spoke to reporters after the meeting, acknowledging that Qatar had always supported Pakistan. He added that Pakistanis harbored “immense affection for Qatar.”
“He shared that the Ambassador conveyed Qatar’s keen interest in large-scale investments in Pakistan, particularly in Karachi,” the statement said.
Tessori highlighted that Qatar was interested in government-to-government investments and joint ventures with Pakistani businesses.
The Sindh governor said Al-Khater assured him of local Qatari investors’ readiness to invest in Pakistan.
“I will provide detailed insights into sectors that can yield immediate results for investments, ensuring that this partnership benefits both nations significantly,” Tessori said.
He emphasized that Qatar’s interest is particularly crucial given Pakistan’s current economic challenges.
“We are committed to providing a conducive environment and guarantees for Qatari investors to achieve substantial returns,” Tessori said.
Pakistan’s desire to forge closer economic ties with allies come amid its attempts to increase trade and foreign investment after the country narrowly escaped a default last year by securing a last-gasp $3 billion financial assistance package from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Pakistan dispatches 21st aid consignment for Gaza, Lebanon and Syria
- Islamabad dispatches 17 tons of blankets, food, medicines to Damascus in Syria from Rawalpindi
- Israel’s military campaigns have killed over 44,000 Palestinians in Gaza since October last year
ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) on Wednesday dispatched its 21st relief consignment for the war-affected people of Syria, Lebanon and Gaza who have suffered from Israeli military aggression in the Middle East.
Israel has been attacking what it calls Iran-linked targets in Syria for years but has ramped up such raids since the Oct. 7, 2023, attack by Hamas on Israel, leading Israel to launch a military campaign in which more than 44,000 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza and more than 3,500 people in Lebanon.
On Tuesday, Israel approved a ceasefire agreement with Lebanon’s Hezbollah group that ended nearly 14 months of fighting linked to the war in Gaza. International aid agencies and the World Health Organization (WHO) have warned Israel’s military operations in Gaza have caused starvation and diseases for thousands of people in the area.
“On the directives of the Prime Minister of Pakistan, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) continues to provide humanitarian aid to the war-affected people of Gaza, Lebanon and Syria,” the NDMA said in a statement.
The 21st consignment was dispatched from Pakistan’s eastern city of Rawalpindi to Syria. The relief items were sent with the help of the Pakistan Air Force, the NDMA said, adding that they comprised 17 tons of supplies which included blankets, food and medicines.
The NDMA said Pakistan has dispatched a total of 1,273 tons of relief items to the war-affected people of Gaza, 372 tons to the people of Lebanon, and 111 tons to Syria.
“The Government of Pakistan continues to send relief supplies based on the needs of the war-affected populations of Lebanon and Palestine,” the authority said.
Since the beginning of Israel’s war on Gaza, Pakistan has repeatedly raised the issue at the United Nations, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and other multilateral platforms and demanded international powers and bodies stop Israeli military actions in Gaza.