In Pakistan’s Thatta, a mosque that is a marvel of engineering

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The eastern entrance of the Shah Jahan Mosque in Pakistan’s Thatta city. Photograph taken on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)
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A visitor is seen exiting the main prayer chamber of the seventeenth century Shah Jahan Mosque in Pakistan’s Thatta city on September 25, 2019. The main chamber is covered in a mosaic tile design typical of Turko-Persian architecture. (AN Photo by SA Babar)
Updated 08 November 2019
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In Pakistan’s Thatta, a mosque that is a marvel of engineering

  • The 17th century mosque has acoustic, lighting and ventilation systems well ahead of its time
  • Is said to have the most elaborate display of tile work in South Asia and is famed for its geometric brick design

THATTA, Sindh: The 17th century Muslim emperor Shah Jahan is known around the world as the Mughal king who built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal, and ruled over much of what is present day India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. But few know about another marvel of architecture that the king commissioned: the Shah Jahan Mosque in the dusty Pakistani town of Thatta.




A view of the Shah Jahan Mosque in Pakistan’s Thatta city on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




Arcades around the central courtyard of Pakistan’s Shah Jahan Mosque feature bricks laid in geometric patterns. Photograph taken on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




With its large courtyard and elaborate corridor of ninety-three domed chambers, the Shah Jahan Mosque has the most elaborate display of tile work in the Indian subcontinent. Its domes, arches, gateways, and vaulted interiors are inlaid with mosaics of radiating turquoise and white tiles in floral patterns that recall the kashi work of the Timurid Central Asia and Safavid Iran. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)

The mosque was ordered constructed by Shah Jahan as a token of gratitude to the people of Thatta where the emperor sought refuge after he rebelled against his father Jahangir. The foundation of the building was laid in 1644 and construction was completed in three years. The mosque has been on a tentative UNESCO World Heritage list since 1993.




A view of the main entrance of the Shah Jahan Mosque in Pakistan’s Thatta on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




A small niches at the Shah Jahan Mosque helps let the light and fresh air into the chamber of the building. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)

While the Shah Jahan Mosque is best known for being home to some of the most intricate tile work in South Asia and for its geometric brick design, the mosque’s caretaker Syed Masoom Ali Shah said it was also special for having acoustic, lighting and ventilation systems well ahead of its time.




A Persian couplet is seen inscribed on the eastern dome of the Shah Jahan Mosque, in Pakistan’s Thatta city on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




A view of the Shah Jahan Mosque from its rooftop. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




A view of the main prayer chamber of the Shah Jahan Mosque covered in mosaic tile decoration typical of Turko-Persian architecture. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)

The mosque was built such that around 20,000 worshipers could clearly hear the prayer leader and worship in a very well ventilated space, Shah said. A person speaking at one end of the mosque could be heard at the other end when the amplitude topped 100 decibels.




A view of the Shah Jahan Mosque from its rooftop. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




In Pakistan’s Thatta city, the Shah Jahan Mosque is know to have the most elaborate display of tile work in South Asia and is famed for its geometric brick design. Photograph taken on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




A view of the main prayer chamber of the Shah Jahan Mosque where the names of clerics who have been leading prayers since the building’s construction in 1647 are listed. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




The Shah Jahan Mosque's main dome has tiles arranged in a stellate pattern to represent the night sky. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)




The Shah Jahan Mosque's main dome has tiles arranged in a stellate pattern to represent the night sky. Photograph taken in Thatta, Pakistan, on September 25, 2019 (AN Photo by SA Babar)

“The Mosque’s architectural style is visibly influenced by Turkic and Persian styles,” Shah said, explaining that the mosque’s wide-ranging brickwork and use of blue tiles were Timurid architectural styles from Central Asia.


21 Pakistani nationals among survivors of Morocco boat tragedy— FO 

Updated 9 sec ago
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21 Pakistani nationals among survivors of Morocco boat tragedy— FO 

  • Migrant boat sank off Morocco’s coast this week with reportedly 86 on board
  • Pakistan says coordinating with Morocco to finalize repatriation procedures

ISLAMABAD: Twenty-one Pakistani nationals are among the survivors of a migrant boat that sank off the coast of Morocco recently, the foreign office said on Sunday, stating that food and medicines were being arranged for them. 

Pakistan’s foreign office confirmed on Thursday that a migrant boat with 80 passengers on board, including several Pakistanis, had capsized near Morocco en route to Spain. 

According to Moroccan authorities, 36 people were rescued on Wednesday from the vessel, which had departed Mauritania on Jan. 2. The boat had 86 migrants on board, including 66 Pakistanis, according to minority rights group Walking Borders.

“Based on verified information, twenty-one Pakistani nationals have been identified among the survivors of a maritime incident near Dakhla, Morocco,” the foreign office said in a statement.

“Through our diplomatic mission in Rabat, immediate assistance has been mobilized for the affected nationals,” it added. 

The foreign office said it had arranged essential provisions including food, water, medicine and clothing for the survivors through the Pakistan embassy in Rabat. It said local authorities in Dakhla are providing shelter and medical care in response to Pakistan’s diplomatic outreach. 

“Government remains in close coordination with relevant authorities in Morocco to ensure comprehensive support for our affected citizens and finalize repatriation procedures,” the foreign office said. 

“We are committed to safeguarding the welfare of overseas Pakistanis and will continue to monitor the situation closely,” it said. 

The development takes place after Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar, who also serves as Pakistan’s foreign minister, held a meeting in Islamabad to review the situation on Saturday.

Media reports claim almost all the Pakistanis who were on the boat were from cities in the eastern Punjab province.

The government has intensified its efforts in recent months against human smugglers who facilitate perilous journeys for illegal immigrants to Europe and has made several arrests.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has called for enhanced cooperation with international agencies, seeking swift action against human trafficking networks.

The incident near Morocco once again highlighted the perilous journeys many migrants, particularly Pakistanis, undertake due to conflict and economic instability in their home country.

In 2023, hundreds of migrants, including 262 Pakistanis, drowned when an overcrowded vessel sank in international waters off the southwestern Greek town of Pylos.

It was among the deadliest boat disasters ever recorded in the Mediterranean Sea.


Pakistan holds joint sailing operations with Italian Navy in Gulf of Oman

Updated 19 January 2025
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Pakistan holds joint sailing operations with Italian Navy in Gulf of Oman

  • Joint sailing operations provided unique training platform for cadets, says Pakistan Navy 
  • Pakistan Navy regularly partakes in bilateral exercises with countries to foster collaboration

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan Navy’s training ship “Rah Naward” this week conducted joint sailing operations with Italian Navy sail ship Amerigo Vespucci in the Gulf of Oman, the Pakistan Navy said in a statement, saying that the exercise provided a unique training experience for cadets. 

The exercise was part of the Pakistani ship’s overseas deployment to Oman, aimed at fostering goodwill and providing practical training to cadets from the Pakistan Naval Academy, the Pakistan Navy said. 

It said the exercise offered opportunities for cadets to enhance their skills in joint sailing operations. 

“The planning and execution of this exercise, conducted while both ships were on their respective national tasking; exemplifies the high level of coordination and professionalism shared between the two navies,” the Pakistan Navy said. 

It said the joint sailing operations provided a unique learning platform for cadets but also showcased distinct sailing techniques of two “Tall Ships” from different regions. 

Tall ships are large sailing vessels with tall masts and traditional rigging.

“This interaction underscores the enduring collaboration and growing interoperability between the Pakistan Navy and global naval forces,” it added. 

Pakistan Navy regularly partakes in bilateral exercises with regional countries to stem the spread of illegal maritime activities such as human smuggling, piracy and drug trafficking.


Pakistan, Britain reaffirm their resolve to further strengthen bilateral ties

Updated 19 January 2025
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Pakistan, Britain reaffirm their resolve to further strengthen bilateral ties

  • British high commissioner meets Pakistan's Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal to discuss bilateral cooperation 
  • Iqbal highlights financial sector's importance in promoting export growth, enhancing agricultural exports

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan and the United Kingdom reaffirmed their resolve to further strengthen bilateral relations to ensure mutual economic development, state-run media reported this week. 

UK's High Commissioner to Pakistan Jane Marriott met Pakistan's Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal on Saturday during which Pakistan's measures to improve its economy came under discussion. 

Iqbal spoke about Islamabad's efforts to eradicate basic education deprivation through public-private partnerships, provincial cooperation to enhance capacity in education, health, and human resources, and significant budget increases for higher education, state broadcaster Radio Pakistan reported. 

"Pakistan and Britain have reaffirmed the commitment to foster stronger ties and collaborative efforts for mutual growth and development," Radio Pakistan said in its report. 

The minister told the British official that Pakistan's economic strategy includes its aims to address five critical areas including exports, e-Pakistan, environment and climate change, energy and infrastructure, equity and empowerment.

He stressed the importance of Pakistan's financial sector in promoting export growth, enhancing agricultural exports, fostering industrial development and advancing critical areas such as IT, services, mining, workforce export, the blue economy, and innovation, the report said. 

Pakistan and the UK have strong military, economic and educational ties, with the latter hosting a large Pakistani diaspora.


Pakistani neuroscientist accused of ‘terrorism’ calls for pardon before Biden leaves office

Updated 19 January 2025
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Pakistani neuroscientist accused of ‘terrorism’ calls for pardon before Biden leaves office

  • Dr. Aafia Siddiqui was sentenced to 86 years in prison on multiple charges, including attempting to kill US nationals
  • Her lawyer has submitted a dossier to Biden, who has until Monday to grant clemency before Trump's swearing-in

KARACHI: A Pakistani neuroscientist accused of “terrorism” by Washington has appealed to outgoing US President Joe Biden to grant her clemency before he hands over the reins of the country to President-elect Donald Trump, her lawyer said this week.

Dr. Aafia Siddiqui, a US-trained neuroscientist, was convicted in 2010 on multiple charges, including attempting to kill US nationals. She became a suspect after leaving the US and marrying a nephew of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, a self-proclaimed mastermind of the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.

Siddiqui was wounded during a confrontation with US officials in Afghanistan in 2008, with some reports suggesting she shot at the Americans. She was sentenced to 86 years in prison in 2010, prompting a huge outcry from Pakistan and human rights voices worldwide.

Her lawyer claims she was visiting Pakistan in 2003 when she was abducted with her three children by Pakistan’s premier intelligence agency and handed to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which took her to Afghanistan. Pakistan’s intelligence agencies have denied the claims. 

Dr. Siddiqui’s lawyer, Clive Stafford Smith, has submitted a 76,500-word dossier to Biden and is calling on the American president to pardon him before Trump’s swearing-in on Monday.

“We just pray and keep our fingers crossed and I hope to goodness our clemency is granted Monday morning,” Smith told Arab News late Saturday night.

“And if not, revert to plan B and plan C and plan D until we get her out of this awful place,” he added.

Smith said Siddiqui was “in good spirits” when he met her on Friday at the detention facility in Fort Worth, Texas, for four hours despite her trauma. He said Dr. Fowzia Siddiqui, her sister, had traveled 10,000 miles to see her sister but was only allowed 40 minutes to see her sister.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif also wrote a letter to Biden in October 2024, calling for Siddiqui’s release.

In the letter, Sharif stressed that several Pakistani officials had made consular visits to her in prison, raising “serious concerns” about her treatment while incarcerated.

The prime minister said her time in prison had “severely impacted her already fragile mental and frail physical health,” adding: “In fact, they [the officials] even fear that she could take her own life.”

Biden has until Monday to grant Siddiqui clemency. So far, he has issued 39 pardons and commuted 3,989 sentences.

According to Sky News, Smith claims a catalog of intelligence errors led to her initially becoming a suspect, citing witness testimonies that were unavailable at the time of her trial.

Smith said US intelligence “got the wrong end of the stick in the beginning” as agencies thought Siddiqui was a nuclear physicist working on a radioactive bomb “when she really did her PhD in education.”

He said this happened as the US was “terrified of terrorists getting their hands on WMD (weapons of mass destruction),” adding: “She’s no more of a terrorist than I am.”

The US Department of Justice did not respond to Sky News.


Pakistani authorities arrest suspected human smuggler linked to last year’s Greece boat tragedy

Updated 19 January 2025
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Pakistani authorities arrest suspected human smuggler linked to last year’s Greece boat tragedy

  • FIA says it found evidence of human smuggling from the suspect's mobile phone after arrest
  • Abdul Salam allegedly extorted Rs4.5 million from a victim who drowned in the boat tragedy

KARACHI: Pakistani authorities on Saturday announced the arrest of a suspected human smuggler from Azad Kashmir, accusing him of involvement in last year’s Greece boat tragedy that killed five nationals and charging him with sending one victim abroad after taking Rs4.5 million ($16,200).

The incident occurred in December when a wooden vessel carrying migrants, which departed from Libya, sank off the southern Greek island of Gavdos. The government has intensified its crackdown on human smugglers in recent months, leading to several arrests.

The latest detention comes just days after another boat capsized off Morocco’s coast, where over 40 Pakistanis are feared to have drowned.

“The smuggler involved in the Greece boat tragedy has been arrested,” the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) said in a statement. “The accused, Abdul Salam, was apprehended during a raid in Bhimber, Azad Kashmir.”

“He was part of a gang involved in human trafficking and extorted Rs4.5 million from victim Ahsan Ali for facilitating his travel to Europe,” it added.

The FIA said the suspect and his associates had kept the victim in safe houses in Libya before coercing him to board the ill-fated boat to Greece. Ali, who hailed from Jalalpur Jattan, died in the shipwreck.

The FIA informed that evidence related to human smuggling was recovered from the suspect’s mobile phone, and investigations were ongoing to track down his accomplices.

“We are using all resources to ensure the arrest of those involved in these tragic incidents,” said Abdul Qadir Qamar, Director of FIA’s Gujranwala Zone. “Raids are being conducted to apprehend the remaining suspects.”

The FIA reiterated its commitment to bringing human smugglers to justice.

“No one will be allowed to play with the lives of innocent people,” the statement said. “Those responsible will face severe punishments based on solid evidence.”