LONDON: German intelligence has confirmed that Iran was actively seeking nuclear capabilities throughout 2019.
Experts believe this shows it is time for European countries to send a clear message to Tehran by finally abandoning the long-broken Iran nuclear deal.
A new report by the German domestic intelligence service BfV disclosed that Tehran had tried to secure illicit goods and information for its nascent nuclear program throughout 2019, in violation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which restricted Iran’s nuclear activities in exchange for sanctions relief.
The BfV said it was “able to find occasional indications of Iranian proliferation-related procurement attempts for its nuclear program” in 2019.
Dr. Majid Rafizadeh, board member for the Harvard International Relations Council, told Arab News that the EU signatories of the JCPOA — Germany, the UK and France — have long been “conspicuously ignoring credible intelligence reports and disregarding Tehran’s nuclear activities.”
He added: “The announcement by German intelligence shows that Iran has demonstrated its interest in, and pursuit of, nuclear weapons.”
Reports from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) found traces of uranium at nuclear facilities in Iran, Rafizadeh said, confirming “that Iran was most likely violating the JCPOA since day one.”
Despite Tehran’s attempts to procure nuclear weaponry and a number of serious incidents — including tanker seizures by Iran, an uptick in missile attacks by Iranian proxies, and the activation of dispute mechanisms within the JCPOA — the European nations have remained resolute in their commitment to the deal.
The German revelations beg the question: How can Paris, Berlin and London continue to support the deal while Tehran flagrantly ignores it?
Ali Safavi, president of Near East Policy and a member of the National Council of Resistance of Iran, said European nations have been misled by Tehran.
“This infatuation with the JCPOA derives from a misguided perception that by offering concessions, whether political or economic, the behavior of the regime would change. The exact opposite has happened,” he told Arab News.
Instead of changing, he said, Tehran “took the windfall from the JCPOA and cashed it at the bank. No amount of economic and political concession will result in any improvement in the situation of human rights in Iran.” Nor will it “incentivize Tehran to halt its malign activities in the region,” he added.
European nations have held out hope that Tehran could be trusted and that economic incentives would be enough to bring the rogue state back into the fold.
It is now time for a change of tact, said Dr. Shervan Fashandi, an Iranian-Canadian political analyst and board member for Iranian Americans for Liberty.
“We need to acknowledge that the deal is dead in all but name. The European powers insist on staying committed to a deal that has failed in achieving all its objectives,” he told Arab News.
“The sooner the Europeans face the reality of the failed deal and start pressuring the Islamic Republic to fundamentally change course, the higher the chance of achieving stability in the Middle East.”
He said Iran used the cash injection of the JCPOA’s sanctions relief to spread chaos across the region, sending funds and missiles to proxies in Lebanon, Yemen, Afghanistan and elsewhere. Tehran violated both “the terms and the spirit” of the JCPOA, he added.
This was possible, in part, because of European appeasement of Iran. Ceasing this course of action could be instrumental in ending Iran’s destabilizing behavior in the region, Fashandi said.
“The European trio officially abandoning the failed nuclear deal can send a strong and clear signal to the regime in Iran that time is up,” he added.
It would tell Tehran that “it needs to either fundamentally correct its behavior and act like a responsible member of the international community, or turn into a pariah state even further,” he said.
The JCPOA was agreed in 2015 between Iran, the US, China, Russia, Germany, France and the UK.
It provided Iran with sanctions relief in exchange for the curtailing of its nuclear program, and guaranteed international agencies access to nuclear sites in the country to verify their accordance with the deal.
But Iran has repeatedly denied IAEA inspectors access to certain nuclear sites, in violation of the terms of the JCPOA.
Europeans should ditch JCPOA in light of German intelligence report: Experts
https://arab.news/6nn9g
Europeans should ditch JCPOA in light of German intelligence report: Experts
- Iran was actively seeking nuclear capabilities throughout last year, according to BfV
Lebanese, Syrian defense ministers ink deal after border security talks
- Defense ministers of Lebanon and Syria met in Jeddah on Thursday to coordinate and enhance cooperation on security and military issues
- Two sides will form legal and specialized committees in a number of fields, and will activate bilateral coordination mechanisms
RIYADH: Syria and Lebanon signed an agreement emphasizing the strategic importance of demarcating the borders between the two countries, Al Ekhbariya reported early on Friday.
The defense ministers of Lebanon and Syria met in Jeddah on Thursday to coordinate and enhance cooperation on security and military issues.
The Syrian delegation was headed by Murhaf Abu Qasra and the Lebanese delegation was led by Michel Menassa.
The sides will form legal and specialized committees in a number of fields, and will activate bilateral coordination mechanisms to deal with security and military challenges, especially those that may arise on the border area.
Saudi Defense Minister Prince Khalid bin Salman, who facilitated the talks, said he hoped the agreement marks a new phase in relations between the two neighbors.
The ministers expressed satisfaction with the discussion and agreed to hold a follow-up meeting in Saudi Arabia.
Border tensions flared up earlier in March after the new authorities in Syria accused Lebanese armed group Hezbollah of kidnapping three soldiers into Lebanon and killing them.
The Iran-backed group, which fought alongside the forces of toppled Syrian president Bashar Assad, denied involvement.
Cross-border clashes that followed left seven Lebanese dead.
In a statement, Saudi Arabia said it supported Syria and Lebanon resolving their differences through political and diplomatic dialogue while upholding sovereignty, stability, and international law, according to Asharq.
Saudi Arabia affirmed its full support for all that achieves security and stability in Syria and Lebanon and contributes to preserving security and stability in the region, Al Ekhbariya reported.
Suspected US strikes pummel Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen
- The extent of the damage and possible casualties wasn’t immediately clear
- The US military’s Central Command, which now has authority from the White House to strike offensively in Yemen without pre-approval, did not immediately acknowledge conducting any strikes.
DUBAI: Suspected US airstrikes pummeled sites across Yemen controlled by the Houthi rebels early Friday, including neighborhoods in the capital, Sanaa.
The extent of the damage and possible casualties wasn’t immediately clear, though the number of strikes appeared particularly intense compared to other days in the campaign that began March 15.
An Associated Press review has found the new American operation under President Donald Trump appears more more extensive than those under former President Joe Biden, as the US moves from solely targeting launch sites to firing at ranking personnel as well as dropping bombs in cities.
Initial reports from the Houthis described at least seven people being hurt in the attacks Friday in Sanaa, Yemen’s capital that the rebels have held since 2014. Other strikes hit around the Red Sea port city of Hodeida, the rebel’s stronghold of Saada and in Yemen’s Al-Jawf, Amran and Marib governorates.
The Houthis did not immediately acknowledge what at those sites had been targeted, other than Sanaa International Airport, which is used for both civilian and military traffic. Neighborhoods in the capital also are home to military and intelligence service sites — as well as crowded with civilians.
An Associated Press video showed one bomb dropping into Sanaa, with a huge plume of smoke rising into the night sky as many people were awake in the final days of the Muslim holy fasting month of Ramadan.
Other areas hit included mountainous terrain north of Sanaa in Amran, where military camps and other installations are believed to be. The Houthis’ Al-Masirah satellite news network described communication networks going down after the attacks, which included at least 19 strikes there alone.
The US military’s Central Command, which now has authority from the White House to strike offensively in Yemen without pre-approval, did not immediately acknowledge conducting any strikes. The command, which under Biden offered details on individual strikes, has not provided that information in this campaign.
The new campaign of airstrikes, which the Houthis say have killed at least 57 people, started after the rebels threatened to begin targeting “Israeli” ships again over Israel blocking aid entering the Gaza Strip. The rebels in the past have had a loose definition of what constitutes an Israeli ship, meaning other vessels could be targeted as well.
The Houthis had targeted over 100 merchant vessels with missiles and drones, sinking two vessels and killing four sailors during their campaign targeting ships from November 2023 until January of this year. They also launched attacks targeting American warships, though none have been hit so far.
The attacks greatly raised the Houthis’ profile as they faced economic problems and launched a crackdown targeting any dissent and aid workers at home amid Yemen’s decadelong stalemated war that has torn apart the Arab world’s poorest nation.
Israel intercepts projectiles launched from Lebanon
- Defense Minister Israel Katz said Israel holds Lebanon responsible for missile fire on the Galilee area and will respond strongly to threats to its security
The Israeli military said on Friday it intercepted one of two projectiles launched from Lebanon with the other landing inside Lebanon.
Defense Minister Israel Katz said Israel holds Lebanon responsible for missile fire on the Galilee area and will respond strongly to threats to its security.
“We will ensure the security of the residents of Galilee and will act forcefully against any threat,” he said in a statement.
Israeli artillery and airstrikes hit southern Lebanon on Saturday after Israel said it intercepted rockets fired from across the border, killing at least eight people and straining a fragile truce that ended a year-long war with the Lebanese armed group Hezbollah.
Hezbollah denied responsibility for the rocket fired on Saturday, saying it had ‘no link’ to the launches and remained committed to the ceasefire.
Sudan army says it has taken full control of Khartoum
- Sudan’s army chief Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan had on Wednesday declared the capital “free” from the RSF
- While the army holds the north and east, the RSF controls much of the south and nearly all of Darfur
Khartoum: The Sudanese army said it has wrested back full control of the capital Khartoum, capping a weeklong offensive that saw it recapture the presidential palace, the airport, and other key sites in a decisive push against rival paramilitaries.
“Our forces today have successfully and forcibly cleansed the last pockets of the remnants of the Dagalo terrorist militia in Khartoum locality,” army Spokesman Nabil Abdullah said in a statement late Thursday, using the government’s term for the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which have been battling the military since April 2023.
From inside the recaptured presidential palace, Sudan’s army chief Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan had on Wednesday declared the capital “free” from the RSF.
Following a year and a half of defeats at the hands of the RSF, the army began pushing through central Sudan toward Khartoum late last year.
Since the army recaptured the presidential palace on Friday, witnesses and activists have reported RSF fighters in retreat across the capital.
An army source told AFP on Wednesday that RSF fighters were fleeing across the Jebel Awliya bridge, their only route out of greater Khartoum.
The RSF, however, vowed there would be “no retreat and no surrender,” saying its forces had only repositioned.
“We will deliver crushing defeats to the enemy on all fronts,” it said in a statement.
The war has killed tens of thousands and displaced more than 12 million, according to the UN.
While the army holds the north and east, the RSF controls much of the south and nearly all of Darfur.
Syrians left in the dark as the interim government struggles to restore electricity
- Months after a lightning insurgency ended over half a century of the Assad dynasty’s rule in Syria, the country’s new interim government has been struggling to fix battered infrastructure
JARAMANA: Rana Al-Ahmad opens her fridge after breaking fast at sundown with her husband and four children during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan.
Apart from eggs, potatoes and some bread, it’s empty because state electricity in Syria only comes two hours a day.
“We can’t leave our food in the fridge because it will spoil,” she said.
Her husband, a taxi driver in Damascus, is struggling to make ends meet, so the family can’t afford to install a solar panel in their two-room apartment in Jaramana on the outskirts of the capital.
Months after a lightning insurgency ended over half a century of the Assad dynasty’s rule in Syria, the Islamist interim government has been struggling to fix battered infrastructure after a 14-year conflict decimated much of the country. Severe electricity shortages continue to plague the war-torn country.
The United Nations estimates that 90 percent of Syrians live in poverty and the Syrian government has only been able to provide about two hours of electricity every day. Millions of Syrians, like Al-Ahmad and her family, can’t afford to pay hefty fees for private generator services or install solar panels.
Syria’s new authorities under interim leader Ahmad Al-Sharaa have tried to ease the country’s electricity crisis, but have been unable to stop the outages with patchwork solutions.
Even with a recent gas deal with Qatar and an agreement with Kurdish-led authorities that will give them access to Syria’s oil fields, the country spends most of its days with virtually no power. Reports of oil shipments coming from Russia, a key military and political ally of Assad, shows the desperation.
Pitch black
At Al-Ahmad’s home, she and her husband were only able to get a small battery that could power some lights.
“The battery we have is small and its charge runs out quickly,” said Al-Ahmad, 37. It’s just enough that her children can huddle in the living room to finish their homework after school.
And the family is not alone. Everywhere in Syria, from Damascus to Daraa in the south, neighborhoods turn pitch black once the sun sets, lit only from street lamps, mosque minarets and car headlights.
The downfall of Assad in December brought rare hope to Syrians. But the new interim authorities have scrambled to establish control across the country and convince Western nations to lift economic sanctions to make its economy viable again.
The United States in January eased some restrictions for six months, authorizing some energy-related transactions. But it doesn’t appear to have made a significant difference on the ground just yet.
Battered and bruised fields
Washington and other Western governments face a delicate balance with Syria’s new authorities, and appear to be keen on lifting restrictions only if the war-torn country’s political transition is democratic and inclusive of Syrian civil society, women and non-Sunni Muslim communities.
Some minority groups have been concerned about the new authorities, especially incidents of revenge attacks targeting the Alawite community during a counter-offensive against an insurgency of Assad loyalists.
Fixing Syria’s damaged power plants and oil fields takes time, so Damascus is racing to get as much fuel as it can to produce more energy.
Damascus is now looking toward the northeastern provinces, where its oil fields under Kurdish-led authorities are to boost its capacity, especially after reaching a landmark ceasefire deal with them.
Political economist Karam Shaar said 85 percent of the country’s oil production is based in those areas, and Syria once exported crude oil in exchange for refined oil to boost local production, though the fields are battered and bruised from years of conflict.
These crucial oil fields fell into the hands of the extremist Daesh group, which carved out a so-called caliphate across large swaths of Syria and Iraq from 2014 to 2017.
“It’s during that period where much of the damage to the (oil) sector happened,” said Shaar, highlighting intense airstrikes and fighting against the group by a US-led international coalition.
After IS fell, the US-backed Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces took control of key fields, leaving them away from the central government in Damascus. The new authorities hope to resolve this in a landmark deal with the SDF signed earlier this month.
Kamran Omar, who oversees oil production in the Rmeilan oil fields in the northeastern city of Hassakeh, says shortages in equipment and supplies and clashes that persisted with Turkiye and Turkish-backed forces have slowed down production, but told the AP that some of that production will eventually go to households and factories in other parts of Syria.
The fields only produce a fraction of what they once did. The Rmeilan field sends just 15,000 of the approximately 100,000 barrels they produce to other parts of Syria to ease some of the burden on the state.
The authorities in Damascus also hope that a recent deal with Qatar that would supply them with gas through Jordan to a major plant south of the capital will be the first of more agreements.
The cornerstone of recovery
Syria’s authorities have not acknowledged reports of Russia sending oil shipments to the country. Moscow once aided Assad in the conflict against armed Islamist group Hayat Tahrir Al-Sham that toppled the former president, but this shows that they are willing to stock up on fuel from whoever is offering.
Interim Electricity Minister Omar Shaqrouq admitted in a news conference that bringing back electricity to Syrian homes 24 hours a day is not on the horizon.
“It will soon be four hours, but maybe some more in the coming days.”
Increasing that supply will be critical for the battered country, which hopes to ease the economic woes of millions and bring about calm and stability. Shaar, who has visited and met with Syria’s new authorities, says that the focus on trying to bring fuel in the absence of funding for major infrastructural overhauls is the best Damascus can do given how critical the situation is.
“Electricity is the cornerstone of economic recovery,” said Shaar. “Without electricity you can’t have a productive sector, (or any) meaningful industries.”
