US, India sign new defense pact as China threat looms

India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi (R) with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo (C) and US Secretary of Defense Mark Esper posing for pictures during a meeting, in New Delhi on October 27, 2020. (AFP)
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Updated 28 October 2020
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US, India sign new defense pact as China threat looms

  • Washington vows to ‘stand with ally’ amid growing Beijing influence

NEW DELHI: India and the US signed a major new defense pact on Tuesday, in a sign of deepening bilateral ties between the two countries.

The deal will allow New Delhi to access to top-secret satellite and sensor data from Washington, an essential tool in military applications and operations.

“We held a comprehensive discussion on a range of key issues,” Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said at a press conference in the capital.

He described the new Basic Exchange and Cooperation Agreement (BECA) as “a significant move,” adding that the “military-to-military cooperation” with the US was “moving forward very well.”

The minister said: “We identified projects for the joint development of defence equipment. We reaffirmed our commitment to peace and security in the Indo-Pacific region.”

The two countries signed the deal during the annual 2+2 dialogue between their defense and foreign ministers. The agreement comes amid escalating tensions and a “warlike situation” between New Delhi and Beijing along the border in the disputed Himalayan region of Ladakh.

It follows 20 Indian soldiers losing their lives during a deadly clash in the Galwan Valley of Ladakh on June 15, breaking 45 years of peace on the Indo-China border.

Reaffirming US support for India in its growing rivalry with China, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo told media on Tuesday: “The US will stand with India in its efforts to defend its sovereignty.”

US Secretary of Defence Mark Esper said that it was time to institutionalize cooperation between Washington and New Delhi.

“Our focus now must be on institutionalizing and regularizing our cooperation to meet the challenges of the day and uphold the principles of a free and open Indo-Pacific well into the future,” Esper said in the meeting with the Indian delegation.

In 2016, Washington designated New Delhi as a “major defense partner” and signed the Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA), which allows the militaries of both the countries to share bases for strategic purposes.

Two years later in 2018, the two nations signed the COMCASA (Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement) for “interoperability between the two militaries and sale of high-end technology from the US to India.”

Singh said Tuesday’s deal was a “significant step” in the right direction.

“Signing the BECA today, after signing LEMOA in 2016 and COMCASA in 2018, is a significant achievement in the direction of bilateral defence issues and a larger regional and global perspective,” he said.

During the meetings, the US also discussed “advanced” security and cooperation between the two allies.

“This year marks the 15th anniversary of the first US-India defence framework and our third 2+2 dialogue. We have strengthened our defense and security partnership considerably since then. We advanced our regional security, military-to-military and information-sharing cooperation,” Esper said.

Experts said the BECA defence pact would “facilitate operational engagement” between the two countries.

“BECA will complete the four basic agreements that facilitate operational engagement between the armed forces of the two states,” said Pranay Kotasthane, a strategic expert at Bengaluru-based think-tank The Takshashila Institution.

He said that the agreement will not compromise India’s strategic autonomy “as some have feared.”

Kotasthane added: “The keyword here is facilitate. There is no loss of autonomy because of these agreements. India doesn’t become beholden to fighting US wars because of these agreements.”

Former Indian ambassador Anil Wadhwa said the deal breaks the past “hesitation” for data sharing between the two countries.

“It certainly strengthens close military and technical cooperation. There would be no hesitation in terms of changing data and selling equipment based on geospatial information,” Wadhwa, who served as ambassador to Italy, Poland, Oman and Thailand, told Arab News.

The 2+2 dialogue forum discusses defence and security issues between India and the US and looks at ways to enhance peace and stability across the Indo-Pacific region.

Launched in 2015, it replaced the India-US Strategic Dialogue, which was held since 2009 and focused on regional security, economic cooperation, defence, trade and climate challenges.

Underlining the importance of the new agreement, Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar said: “Our national security convergences have obviously grown in a more multipolar world. We met today to not only advance our own interests, but to ensure that our bilateral cooperation makes a positive contribution in the world arena.”

However, the timing of the defence pact has raised questions about India’s developing competition with China.

Some experts said that at a time when New Delhi should be easing tensions with Beijing, the “open embrace” of the US would “frighten China.”

Delhi-based political analyst Prem Shankar Jha told Arab News: “The US will not come to help India fight China. The only result from this kind of deal would be greater enmity. We would lose. We are creating a situation where we are leaving China with no other alternative but to declare war on India.”

He added: “We are doing everything we can to frighten the Chinese, but this will only heighten tensions”.

However, former ambassador Wadhwa said: “If Beijing is not concerned about New Delhi’s sensitivity, why should India care?

“The Chinese have not been sensitive to our concerns. They did what they wanted to do. They have been in the Indian territory in Ladakh which they have not done before. In that situation we have no choice but to get a defense deal from whichever place available,” he added.


China says US is ‘playing with fire’ after latest military aid for Taiwan

Updated 35 sec ago
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China says US is ‘playing with fire’ after latest military aid for Taiwan

  • US President Joe Biden authorized Saturday the provision of up to $571 million for Taiwan
  • Separately, the Defense Department said Friday that $295 million in military sales had been approved
BEIJING: The Chinese government protested Sunday the latest American announcements of military sales and assistance to Taiwan, warning the United States that it is “playing with fire.”
US President Joe Biden authorized Saturday the provision of up to $571 million in Defense Department material and services and in military education and training for Taiwan. Separately, the Defense Department said Friday that $295 million in military sales had been approved.
A Chinese Foreign Ministry statement urged the US to stop arming Taiwan and stop what it called “dangerous moves that undermine peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.”
Taiwan is a democratic island of 23 million people that the Chinese government claims as its territory and says must come under its control. US military sales and assistance aim to help Taiwan defend itself and deter China from launching an attack.
The $571 million in military assistance comes on top of Biden’s authorization of $567 million for the same purposes in late September. The military sales include $265 million for about 300 tactical radio systems and $30 million for 16 gun mounts.
Taiwan’s Foreign Ministry welcomed the approval of the two sales, saying in a social media post on X that it reaffirmed the US government’s “commitment to our defense.”

New hope for flight MH370 families as Malaysia agrees to resume search

Updated 25 min 47 sec ago
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New hope for flight MH370 families as Malaysia agrees to resume search

  • Plane carrying 239 people went missing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing in March 2014
  • Families say they hope new search operation will offer ‘long-awaited answers and closure’

KUALA LUMPUR: The families of Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 passengers have welcomed with renewed hope the announcement of a new search for the aircraft, which disappeared more than 10 years ago in one of the greatest mysteries in aviation history.

Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 with 239 people on board, went missing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing in 2014.

The search became the most expensive operation in aviation history but ended inconclusively in 2018, leaving the families of those on board still haunted by the tragedy.

On Friday, Malaysia’s Transport Minister Anthony Loke announced that he hoped to “give closure to the families” as the government agreed to allow private contractor Ocean Infinity, which was the last to try to locate the plane, to resume search efforts.

He told reporters that the operation would focus on a new area spanning 15,000 sq. km in the southern Indian Ocean — a development raising hope among relatives of passengers and crew aboard flight MH370.

“The significance of this renewed search cannot be overstated. For the families of passengers, the scientific community and global civil aviation safety, it offers renewed hope for long-awaited answers and closure,” Voice 370, the association representing them, said in a statement.

“We, the next of kin, have endured over a decade of uncertainty, and we hope that the terms of the renewed search are finalized at the earliest and the decks are cleared for the search to begin.

“We continue to hope that our wait for answers is met.”

Ocean Infinity, the private underwater exploration firm that will undertake the $70 million search, was briefly involved in the 2018 efforts after a three-year operation covering 120,000 sq. km of the Indian Ocean failed to locate the aircraft and was suspended in 2017.

The new agreement was met on a no-find, no-fee basis, meaning that Ocean Infinity will be paid only when the wreckage is found.

“We are encouraged by Ocean Infinity’s readiness to deploy their advanced fleet, including sophisticated vessels, AUVs and cutting-edge imaging technologies,” Voice 370 said.

“We gather that the company has followed this up with thorough due diligence, analyzing all available data, and alternative scenarios proposed by independent researchers and recommendations on potential search areas.”

Flight MH370 took off from Kuala Lumpur in the early hours of March 8, 2014 and lost communication with air traffic control less than an hour later. Military radar showed the aircraft had deviated from its planned path. It remains unclear why that happened.

Many conspiracy theories have emerged to explain the aircraft’s disappearance, ranging from suspicions of the captain’s suicide to concerns over the 221 kg of lithium-ion batteries in the plane’s cargo, as well as the involvement of passengers, two of whom were found traveling on stolen passports.

When the probe was suspended, Kok Soo Chon, head of the MH370 safety investigation team, told reporters in July 2018 that his team was “unable to determine the real cause for disappearance of MH370” and “the answer can only be conclusive if the wreckage is found.”


Minorities fear targeted attacks in post-revolution Bangladesh

Updated 36 min 46 sec ago
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Minorities fear targeted attacks in post-revolution Bangladesh

  • String of attacks targeting religious minorities since a student-led uprising toppled long-time autocratic leader Sheikh Hasina
  • Hindus make up about eight percent of the mainly Muslim nation of 170 million people in Bangladesh

DHAKA: For generations, the small Hindu temple outside the capital in Muslim-majority Bangladesh was a quiet place to pray – before arsonists ripped open its roof this month in the latest post-revolution unrest.
It is only one of a string of attacks targeting religious minorities since a student-led uprising toppled long-time autocratic leader Sheikh Hasina in August.
“We don’t feel safe,” said Hindu devotee Swapna Ghosh in the village of Dhour, where attackers broke into the 50-year-old family temple to the goddess Lakshmi and set fire to its treasured idols on December 7.
“My son saw the flames and doused them quickly,” said temple custodian Ratan Kumar Ghosh, 55, describing how assailants knew to avoid security cameras, so they tore its tin roof open to enter.
“Otherwise, the temple – and us – would have been reduced to ashes.”
Hindus make up about eight percent of the mainly Muslim nation of 170 million people.
In the chaotic days following Hasina’s August 5 ouster there was a string of attacks on Hindus – seen by some as having backed her rule – as well as attacks on Muslim Sufi shrines by Islamist hard-liners.
“Neither I, my forefathers or the villagers, regardless of their faith, have ever witnessed such communal attacks,” temple guardian Ghosh said.
“These incidents break harmony and trust.”
Hasina, 77, fled by helicopter to India, where she is hosted by old allies in New Delhi’s Hindu-nationalist government, infuriating Bangladeshis determined that she face trial for alleged “mass murder.”
Attacks against Hindu temples are not new in Bangladesh, and rights activist Abu Ahmed Faijul Kabir said the violence cannot be regarded out of context.
Under Hasina, Hindus had sought protection from the authorities. That meant her opponents viewed them as partisan loyalists.
“If you analyze the past decade, there has not been a single year without attacks on minorities,” Kabir said, from the Dhaka-based rights group Ain o Salish Kendra.
This year, from January to November, the organization recorded 118 incidents of communal violence targeting Hindus.
August saw a peak of 63 incidents, including two deaths. In November, there were seven incidents.
While that is significantly more than last year – when the group recorded 22 attacks on minorities and 43 incidents of vandalism – previous years were more violent.
In 2014, one person was killed, two women were raped, 255 injured, and 247 temples attacked. In 2016, seven people were killed.
“The situation has not worsened, but there’s been no progress either,” said businessman and Hindu devotee Chandan Saha, 59.
Political rulers had repeatedly “used minorities as pawns,” Saha added.
The caretaker government has urged calm and promised increased security, and accused Indian media of spreading disinformation about the status of Hindus in Bangladesh.
Dhaka’s interim government this month expressed shock at a call by a leading Indian politician – chief minister of India’s West Bengal state Mamata Banerjee – to deploy UN peacekeepers.
Hefazat-e-Islam, an association of Islamic seminaries, has led public protests against India, accusing New Delhi of a campaign aimed at “propagating hate” against Bangladesh. India rejects the charges.
Religious relations have been turbulent, including widespread unrest in November in clashes between Hindu protesters and security forces.
That was triggered by the killing of a lawyer during protests because bail was denied for an outspoken Hindu monk accused of allegedly disrespecting the Bangladeshi flag during a rally.
Bangladeshi Islamist groups have been emboldened to take to the streets after years of suppression.
Muslim Sufi worshippers as well as members of the Baul mystic sect – branded heretics by some Islamists – have also been threatened.
“There’s been a wave of vandalism,” said Syed Tarik, a devotee documenting such incidents.
Muhammad Yunus, the 84-year-old Nobel Peace Prize winner appointed the country’s “chief adviser,” has called for dialogue between groups.
Critics say it is not enough.
“To establish a peaceful country where all faiths coexist in harmony, the head of state must engage regularly with faith leaders to foster understanding,” said Sukomal Barua, professor of religion at Dhaka University.
Sumon Roy, founder of Bangladesh’s association of Hindu lawyers, said members of the minority were treated as a bloc by political parties.
“They have all used us as tools,” Roy said, explaining that Hindus had been previously threatened both by Hasina’s Awami League and its rival Bangladesh National Party.
“If we didn’t support AL we faced threats, and the BNP blamed us for siding with the AL,” he said. “This cycle needs to end.”


New hope for flight MH370 families as Malaysia agrees to resume search

Updated 25 min 17 sec ago
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New hope for flight MH370 families as Malaysia agrees to resume search

  • Plane carrying 239 people went missing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing in March 2014
  • Families say they hope new search operation will offer ‘long-awaited answers and closure’

KUALA LUMPUR: The families of Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 passengers have welcomed with renewed hope the announcement of a new search for the aircraft, which disappeared more than 10 years ago in one of the greatest mysteries in aviation history.

Flight MH370, a Boeing 777 with 239 people on board, went missing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing in 2014.

The search became the most expensive operation in aviation history but ended inconclusively in 2018, leaving the families of those on board still haunted by the tragedy.

On Friday, Malaysia’s Transport Minister Anthony Loke announced that he hoped to “give closure to the families” as the government agreed to allow private contractor Ocean Infinity, which was the last to try to locate the plane, to resume search efforts.

He told reporters that the operation would focus on a new area spanning 15,000 sq. km in the southern Indian Ocean — a development raising hope among relatives of passengers and crew aboard flight MH370.

“The significance of this renewed search cannot be overstated. For the families of passengers, the scientific community and global civil aviation safety, it offers renewed hope for long-awaited answers and closure,” Voice 370, the association representing them, said in a statement.

“We, the next of kin, have endured over a decade of uncertainty, and we hope that the terms of the renewed search are finalized at the earliest and the decks are cleared for the search to begin.

“We continue to hope that our wait for answers is met.”

Ocean Infinity, the private underwater exploration firm that will undertake the $70 million search, was briefly involved in the 2018 efforts after a three-year operation covering 120,000 sq. km of the Indian Ocean failed to locate the aircraft and was suspended in 2017.

The new agreement was met on a no-find, no-fee basis, meaning that Ocean Infinity will be paid only when the wreckage is found.

“We are encouraged by Ocean Infinity’s readiness to deploy their advanced fleet, including sophisticated vessels, AUVs and cutting-edge imaging technologies,” Voice 370 said.

“We gather that the company has followed this up with thorough due diligence, analyzing all available data, and alternative scenarios proposed by independent researchers and recommendations on potential search areas.”

Flight MH370 took off from Kuala Lumpur in the early hours of March 8, 2014 and lost communication with air traffic control less than an hour later. Military radar showed the aircraft had deviated from its planned path. It remains unclear why that happened.

Many conspiracy theories have emerged to explain the aircraft’s disappearance, ranging from suspicions of the captain’s suicide to concerns over the 221 kg of lithium-ion batteries in the plane’s cargo, as well as the involvement of passengers, two of whom were found traveling on stolen passports.

When the probe was suspended, Kok Soo Chon, head of the MH370 safety investigation team, told reporters in July 2018 that his team was “unable to determine the real cause for disappearance of MH370” and “the answer can only be conclusive if the wreckage is found.”


At least 38 die in bus accident in southeastern Brazil

Updated 21 December 2024
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At least 38 die in bus accident in southeastern Brazil

SAO PAULO: At least 38 people were killed in a bus crash in southeastern Brazil on Saturday, officials said, in what President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva called a “terrible tragedy.”
The accident in Minas Gerais state, involving a bus that caught fire in the collision, is the worst seen on Brazil’s federal highways since 2007, according to police data cited by local media.
In their latest report, civil police confirmed 38 fatalities with eight people hospitalized.
Conflicting accounts of the accident have emerged: firefighters initially said the bus at around 3:30 am had blown a tire near the town of Lajinha, causing the driver to lose control of the vehicle and hit a truck. Another vehicle also hit the bus from behind, officials said, but its occupants survived.
However, firefighters later cited witnesses as saying that a granite block being transported by the truck fell onto the bus, causing the accident.
After the crash, the bus, which had been making its way from Sao Paulo to Vitoria da Conquista, in the northeastern Bahia state, caught fire.
The death toll has crept upward throughout the day, with a spokeswoman for the local fire department earlier telling AFP that “it was not yet possible to specify the exact number due to the state of the bodies.”
The fire department, upon removing charred remains, said earlier that some of the victims had been trapped inside.
In a video released Saturday morning, Lt. Alonso Vieira Junior, with the Minas Gerais fire department, said a crane would be needed to clear the wreckage, and that “there are still more victims to be removed.”
Among the dead are the bus driver and at least one child.
Lula took to social media to offer his prayers for “the recovery of the survivors of this terrible tragedy.”
“I am deeply sorry,” he said, offering condolences to the families of the victims.
The governor of Minas Gerais said he was working “so that the families of the victims are cared for, to deal with this tragedy in the most humane way possible.”
At the end of November, a bus accident in the state of Alagoas, in the northeast, left 17 dead when it plunged into a ravine while traveling on a remote mountain road.