Extreme temperatures compound poverty in Pakistan's hottest city

In this picture taken on May 11, 2022, a woman fills containers with water from a hand pump during a heatwave in Jacobabad, in the southern Sindh province. (AFP)
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Updated 16 May 2022
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Extreme temperatures compound poverty in Pakistan's hottest city

  • Jacobabad in the arid Sindh province is in the grip of latest heatwave to hit South Asia
  • Canals in Jacobabad have run dry, with temperatures peaking at 51 degrees Celsius

JACOBABAD: By the time Pakistani schoolboy Saeed Ali arrived at hospital in one of the world's hottest cities, his body was shutting down from heatstroke. 

The 12-year-old collapsed after walking home from school under the burning sun, his day spent sweltering in a classroom with no fans. 

"A rickshaw driver had to carry my son here. He couldn't even walk," the boy's mother Shaheela Jamali told AFP from his bedside. 




In this picture taken on May 11, 2022, 12-year-old schoolboy Saeed Ali suffering from heatstroke rest laying on a hospital bed in Jacobabad, in southern Sindh province.

Jacobabad in Pakistan's arid Sindh province is in the grip of the latest heatwave to hit South Asia – peaking at 51 degrees Celsius (124 Fahrenheit) at the weekend. 

Canals in the city -- a vital source of irrigation for nearby farms -- have run dry, with a smattering of stagnant water barely visible around strewn rubbish. 

Experts say the searing weather is in line with projections for global warming. 

The city is on the "front line of climate change", said its deputy commissioner Abdul Hafeez Siyal. "The overall quality of life here is suffering." 

Most of the one million people in Jacobabad and surrounding villages live in acute poverty, with water shortages and power cuts compromising their ability to beat the heat. 

It leaves residents facing desperate dilemmas. 

Doctors said Saeed was in a critical condition, but his mother -- driven by a desire to escape poverty -- said he would return to school next week. 

"We don't want them to grow up to be labourers," Jamali told AFP, her son listless and tearful at her side. 




 In this picture taken on May 11, 2022, a woman uses a paper sheet to fan her child amid a power cut during a heatwave in Jacobabad, in the southern Sindh province. (AFP)

Heatstroke -- when the body becomes so overheated it can no longer cool itself -- can cause symptoms from lightheadedness and nausea to organ swelling, unconsciousness, and even death. 

Nurse Bashir Ahmed, who treated Saeed at a new heatstroke clinic run by local NGO Community Development Foundation, said the number of patients arriving in a serious condition was rising. 

"Previously, the heat would be at its peak in June and July, but now it's arriving in May," Ahmed said. 

Labourers forced to toil in the sun are among the most vulnerable. 

Brick kiln workers ply their trade alongside furnaces that can reach up to 1,000 degrees Celsius. 

"The severe heat makes us feel like throwing up sometimes, but if I can't work, I can't earn," said Rasheed Rind, who started on the site as a child. 

Life in Jacobabad is dominated by attempts to cope with the heat. 

"It's like fire burning all around. What we need the most is electricity and water," said blacksmith Shafi Mohammad. 

Power shortages mean only six hours of electricity a day in rural areas and 12 in the city. 

Access to drinking water is unreliable and unaffordable due to scarcity across Pakistan and major infrastructure problems. 

Khairun Nissa gave birth during the heatwave, her last days of pregnancy spent wilting under a single ceiling fan shared between her family of 13. 

Her two-day-old son now occupies her spot under its feeble breeze. 

"Of course, I'm worried about him in this heat, but I know God will provide for us," said Nissa. 

Outside their three-room brick home, where the stench of rotting rubbish and stagnant water hangs in the air, a government-installed water tap runs dry. 

But local "water mafias" are filling the supply gap. 

They have tapped into government reserves to funnel water to their own distribution points where cans are filled and transported by donkey cart to be sold at 20 rupees (25 cents) per 20 litres. 

"If our water plants weren't here, there would be major difficulties for the people of Jacobabad," said Zafar Ullah Lashari, who operates an unlicensed, unregulated water supply. 

In a farming village on the outskirts of the city, women wake up at 3am to pump drinking water all day from a well -- but it is never enough. 

"We prefer our cattle to have clean drinking water first, because our livelihood depends on them," said Abdul Sattar, who raises buffaloes for milk and sale at market. 

There is no compromise on this, even when children suffer skin conditions and diarrhoea. 

"It is a difficult choice but if the cattle die, how would the children eat?" he said. 

Pakistan is the eighth most vulnerable country to extreme weather caused by climate change, according to the Global Climate Risk Index compiled by environmental NGO Germanwatch. 

Floods, droughts and cyclones in recent years have killed and displaced thousands, destroyed livelihoods and damaged infrastructure. 

Many people choose to leave Jacobabad in the hottest months, leaving some villages half empty. 

Sharaf Khatoon shares a makeshift camp in the city with up to 100 people surviving on a few meagre rupees that male family members earn through menial labour. 

They usually relocate the camp in the hottest months, 300 kilometres away to Quetta, where temperatures are up to 20 degrees Celsius cooler. 

But this year they will leave late, struggling to save the money for the journey. 

"We have headaches, unusual heartbeats, skin problems, but there is nothing we can do about it," said Khatoon. 

Professor Nausheen H. Anwar, who studies urban planning in hot cities, said authorities need to look beyond emergency responses and think long term. 

"Taking heatwaves seriously is important, but sustained chronic heat exposure is particularly critical," she said. 

"It's exacerbated in places like Jacobabad by the degradation of infrastructure and access to water and electricity which compromises people's capacity to cope." 

Along a dried-up canal filled with rubbish, hundreds of boys and a handful of girls in Jacobabad pour into a school for their end-of-year exams. 

They gather around a hand pump to gulp down water, exhausted even before the day begins. 

"The biggest issue we face is not having basic facilities -- that's why we experience more difficulties," said headteacher Rashid Ahmed Khalhoro. 

"We try to keep the children's morale high but the heat impacts their mental and physical health." 

With extreme temperatures arriving earlier in the year, he appealed to the government to bring forward summer vacations, which normally begin in June. 

A few classrooms have fans, though most do not. When the electricity is cut just an hour into the school day, everyone swelters in semi-darkness. 

Some rooms become so unbearable that children are moved into corridors, with youngsters frequently fainting. 

"We suffocate in the heat. We sweat profusely and our clothes get drenched," said 15-year-old Ali Raza. 

The boys told AFP they suffered from headaches and frequent diarrhoea but refused to skip lessons. 

Khalhoro said his students are determined to break out of poverty and find jobs where they can escape the heat. 

"They are prepared as though they are on a battlefield, with the motivation that they must achieve something." 


Pakistan PM directs inclusion of business sector input in budget preparation

Updated 9 sec ago
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Pakistan PM directs inclusion of business sector input in budget preparation

  • Shehbaz Sharif chaired a review meeting of the Export Facilitation Scheme to determine how to improve its effectiveness
  • The incumbent government will be presenting its second federal budget in June after assuming political power last year

ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on Thursday instructed the government to include suggestions from the industrial and business sectors in the upcoming budget preparation while chairing a meeting to review the country’s exports, his office announced.
The move signals the government’s intent to adopt a more inclusive approach in shaping fiscal policy for the next financial year, as it faces pressure to revive economic growth, attract investment and address concerns from the private sector.
The incumbent government will be presenting its second federal budget in June after assuming power last year.
“Consultation with industries and business organizations should be included in the preparation of the upcoming budget and their suggestions should be incorporated into it,” the PM Office quoted Sharif as saying following the meeting on the Export Facilitation Scheme, a policy initiative by the Federal Board of Revenue simplifying the import of raw materials, machinery and input goods for exporters, with minimal duties and taxes.
“Increasing revenue from exports is a top priority of the government,” he added.
He highlighted the importance of consulting sector experts on the committee’s recommendations to improve the scheme, particularly regarding the import of raw materials and machinery for export industries.
Sharif directed authorities to present a level playing field for local industries, adding that the scheme was launched to reduce production costs and enhance Pakistan’s competitiveness in domestic exports.
The meeting was attended by federal ministers, an adviser to the PM, Pakistan’s tax authority chief and businessmen from the export industry.


Pakistan calls for global action over Israel’s killing of Palestinian emergency workers in Gaza

Updated 23 min 3 sec ago
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Pakistan calls for global action over Israel’s killing of Palestinian emergency workers in Gaza

  • Foreign Office spokesperson Shafqat Ali Khan urges the world to put end to Israeli violations of international law
  • Israel deliberately killed 15 Palestinian emergency workers last month in a shooting incident captured on video

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan urged the international community on Thursday to take notice of Israel’s latest “barbarity” in the Gaza Strip while referring to the killing of 15 Palestinian emergency workers in a shooting incident captured on video.
The emergency workers were shot dead on March 23 and buried in shallow graves. Initially, the Israeli military claimed it opened fire after unmarked vehicles approached its soldiers in the dark, but later changed the statement after video footage emerged showing clearly marked ambulances and fire trucks with their lights on coming under fire.
The war in Gaza, which began in October 2023, has continued despite repeated international appeals for a ceasefire. The Palestinian death toll has reportedly surpassed 50,000, with women and children making up a significant portion of the casualties.
“Pakistan in the strongest possible terms condemns the continued aggression and atrocities committed by Israeli occupation forces in occupied Palestinian territory, particularly in Gaza,” Foreign Office Spokesperson Shafqat Ali Khan said during his weekly media briefing.
“In the latest incidents of brutality, Israel has mercilessly killed 15 Palestinian emergency and civil defense workers,” he continued. “Pakistan demand that the international community should take immediate notice of this barbarity and stop this blatant violation of international law and charter of the United Nations.”

 
Khan highlighted his country’s condemnation of the continued aggression by Israeli forces in Gaza.
Pakistan, which does not recognize Israel, has consistently supported the Palestinian demand for an independent state based on pre-1967 borders.
It has repeatedly raised concerns over the Gaza conflict at various global forums, including the UN Security Council, and has called for a ceasefire and accountability for Israel’s actions.


World Bank investment arm commits $300 million loan to Pakistan’s Reko Diq mining project

Updated 10 April 2025
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World Bank investment arm commits $300 million loan to Pakistan’s Reko Diq mining project

  • Located in Balochistan, Reko Diq is among the world’s largest undeveloped copper and gold reserves
  • IFC says its involvement will mitigate project risks and support sustainable mining practices in Pakistan

KARACHI: The World Bank’s private investment arm, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), will extend $300 million in debt financing for Pakistan’s Reko Diq copper and gold mining project, according to an IFC project disclosure published on Wednesday.
Reko Diq, located in Pakistan’s southwestern Balochistan province, is among the world’s largest undeveloped copper and gold reserves. Once operational, it is expected to significantly boost Pakistan’s exports, generate substantial tax and royalty revenues and contribute to economic growth and job creation.
IFC said its involvement will mitigate project risks in the restive Balochistan region and support sustainable mining practices.
“The estimated total Project cost is $6.6bn, and it will be financed using a combination of debt and equity,” IFC announced while sharing a summary of its investment.
“IFC’s proposed investment consists of an A-loan of up to $300 million,” it added. “Other parallel lenders will provide the remaining debt financing.”
An A-loan is a direct loan provided by the IFC from its own funds, typically with long-term repayments. It is a form of debt financing, requiring the borrower to repay the loan with interest, unlike equity financing where the investor takes ownership stakes in the project.
The Reko Diq project is being supported by IFC’s technical and financial expertise. The institution will act as Environmental and Social (E&S) coordinator, ensuring adherence to its performance standards and helping implement best practices in sustainability.
IFC will also provide advisory support on mining operations, transport infrastructure and risk mitigation.
According to the investment summary document, the project will strengthen domestic supply chains and contribute to community development in Balochistan.
It is also expected to deepen domestic market integration by linking Balochistan to national and global markets and encouraging further investment in Pakistan’s mineral sector.
The IFC has actively engaged with Pakistan recently through several high-level visits and financial commitments. Earlier this year, its Managing Director Makhtar Diop visited the country in February and met with public and private sector stakeholders to expand IFC’s investment footprint and reaffirm its commitment to sustainable and inclusive growth.
Subsequently, the IFC announced plans to significantly increase its investment in Pakistan, with a target of up to $2 billion annually over the next decade, potentially amounting to $20 billion.
The initiative aligns with the World Bank’s Country Partnership Framework, which envisions a combined investment of around $40 billion in Pakistan over ten years.

With input from Reuters
 


Pakistan PM departs for Belarus on two-day visit to boost bilateral cooperation

Updated 10 April 2025
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Pakistan PM departs for Belarus on two-day visit to boost bilateral cooperation

  • The two sides plan to sign several agreements during Sharif’s two-day visit, says Pakistan’s foreign office
  • Visit can also help Pakistan diversify trade partnerships since Belarus can be a gateway to Eurasian markets

ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif left for a two-day visit to the Eastern European country of Belarus on Thursday, his office said, as the two sides prepare to sign several agreements to strengthen bilateral cooperation.

Pakistan was among the first countries to recognize Belarus after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and has maintained diplomatic relations with it since 1994.

However, bilateral trade has remained modest, with annual volumes ranging between $50 and $65 million, according to the Belarusian embassy in Islamabad.

Belarus mainly exports tractors, trucks, potash fertilizers, synthetic yarns and tires to Pakistan, while Pakistani exports include rice, textiles, leather goods and surgical instruments.

“Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif has departed for a two-day official visit to Belarus,” the PM Office said in a statement. “At the invitation of His Excellency President Aleksandr Lukashenko, Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif will undertake an official visit to Belarus from April 10 to 11, 2025.”

According to another statement released by the foreign office earlier today, Sharif will hold talks with Lukashenko to review progress in areas of mutual interest.
“The two sides are expected to sign several agreements to further strengthen cooperation,” it added.
The prime minister’s visit follows a series of bilateral engagements in recent months. The Belarusian president visited Pakistan last November for his third official trip to the country, during which both sides signed a “Roadmap for Comprehensive Cooperation for 2025-2027” to expand economic ties and institutional linkages.
Fourteen other agreements and memorandums of understanding were also inked, covering cooperation in environmental protection, disaster management, halal trade and science and technology.
For Pakistan, closer ties with Belarus offer several strategic advantages that include diversifying trade partnerships beyond traditional markets, enhancing defense collaboration through access to Belarusian technology and tapping into regional connectivity opportunities, with Belarus serving as a potential gateway to Eurasian markets.
The partnership also complements Pakistan’s broader goals, such as the development of an export-oriented economy.


UAE to grant 100,000 Pakistanis five-year visas this year – Sindh governor’s office

Updated 10 April 2025
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UAE to grant 100,000 Pakistanis five-year visas this year – Sindh governor’s office

  • Official statement quotes the UAE envoy mentioning the number of these visas his country plans to issue
  • UAE consulate confirmed this week Pakistani citizens can apply for work, medical and other types of visas

KARACHI: The United Arab Emirates plans to issue five-year visas to 100,000 Pakistanis this year, according to an official statement released by authorities in Pakistan’s Sindh province on Wednesday, following a visit by Governor Kamran Khan Tessori to the UAE consulate in Karachi.
The governor’s office and UAE authorities in Pakistan said this week all visa-related issues between the two countries had been resolved, and Pakistani nationals could now apply for five-year visas to the Emirates.
The development came amid widespread reports in recent months of a decline in visa approvals for Pakistanis, allegedly due to violations of local laws and customs, as well as political sloganeering while abroad.
Tessori visited the UAE consulate in Karachi on the invitation of UAE Ambassador Hamad Obaid Ibrahim Salem Al-Zaabi following a meeting between the two officials in Karachi on Monday.
“The governor of Sindh, Kamran Khan Tessori, was warmly welcomed by the UAE ambassador and consul general during his visit to the UAE consulate,” the Governor House said in a statement.
“The governor toured the visa center at the consulate, where the ambassador briefed him on the facility,” it added. “Ambassador Hamad Obaid Al-Zaabi said 100,000 Pakistanis would be granted five-year visas. The consul general added that applicants would be treated with great respect at the visa center and receive full cooperation.”
Earlier this week on Tuesday, the UAE consulate in Karachi issued a statement on the meeting between Tessori and Al-Zaabi.
“We love Pakistanis very much,” the statement quoted Consul General Bakheet Ateeq Al-Rumaithi as saying. “Every person can apply for a UAE visa … Pakistani citizens can also apply for a UAE visa for work, medical treatment and other needs.”
The UAE is home to more than a million Pakistani expatriates, making it the second-largest overseas Pakistani community globally and a major contributor to remittance inflows to Pakistan.
Policymakers in Pakistan also view the UAE as an ideal export market due to its proximity, which reduces transportation and freight costs and facilitates smoother trade.