Introducing the minuscule Arabic Dust script 

The Arabic script, which is now extinct, was written in such a small typeface that it was difficult to see with a naked eye, and was used in correspondence through homing pigeons. (Supplied)
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Updated 02 June 2022
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Introducing the minuscule Arabic Dust script 

  • The calligrapher of the Kaaba, Mukhtar Shaqdar, told Arab News that the Dust Ornament script first appeared in the 10th century and was derived from the Riasian script and has minuscule rounded letters

MAKKAH: The Dust Ornament script, or the “Qalam Al-Ghubar,” is known for its minuscule font. 

The Arabic script, which is now extinct, was written in such a small font that it was difficult to see with a naked eye, and was used in correspondence through homing pigeons.

The calligrapher of the Kaaba, Mukhtar Shaqdar, told Arab News that the Dust Ornament script first appeared in the 10th century and was derived from the Riasian script and has minuscule rounded letters. 

The script’s inventors also borrowed some of its characteristics from the Thuluth and Naskh scripts.

Shaqdar said that while the Naskh and Thuluth scripts have survived the test of time, the Qalam Al-Ghubar script disappeared quickly because it was difficult to read or write. Other surviving scripts from this period are Ruqa’a, Diwani and Kufic. 

He revealed that some calligraphers have attempted to revive the Qalam Al-Ghubar script. Many scripts have disappeared over the centuries due to the existence of more efficient versions. 

The scripts were previously named after their regions of origin, such as Hijazi, Makki, Madani and Kufic, and there were many similarities between them.

Scripts were later named according to their shapes and usage such as the Al-Diwani script, which got its name because it was used in diwans. 

Calligrapher Uqla Al-Hamad said: “Dust script is similar to the Ta’liq and Shikstah — an Arabic script that was invented in Iran during the Safavid era in the 16th century. It is very small, so it was called Dust script.

“I have seen samples of it. It is certainly more like the neglected Ta’liq script and very fine. It is written with a pen similar to a clipped needle.”

Mohammed Al-Sharqawi said that the Dust script was used by the diwans to send data and action commands.

He explained that the script is like grains of dust, and its letters are hardly distinguished by the naked eye. It is also reported that the Ottoman Turks invented it to write small copies of the Holy Qur’an that were kept in gold or silver boxes.

A famous calligrapher who used the Dust Ornament script was Ibn Zamkhal Ismail bin Abdullah. Imam Al-Asqalani said that Ibn Zamkhal Ismail “was the miracle of his time in writing with the Dust script. He used to write Surat Al-Ikhlas on a grain of rice with clear writing that could be read in its entirety, despite the smallness of the grain of rice.”


Saudi stray animals find unlikely homes in far-flung Philippines

Updated 19 October 2024
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Saudi stray animals find unlikely homes in far-flung Philippines

  • Improvement in Kingdom’s care for strays complies with Vision 2030, says animal welfare official

RIYADH: Stray cats and dogs in Saudi Arabia are finding unlikely homes more than 8,000 km away in the Philippines thanks to a network of dedicated volunteers.

The sizable number of Filipino expatriates in the Kingdom are using their connections back home, aided by social media, to find suitable adopters in the Asian archipelago.

Physical therapist Virginia Alindayo is one such expatriate. She spoke to Arab News about how she has found homes for more than 50 cats and dogs, often transporting them to the Philippines herself.

Doris Bolla and her adopted dog skye in the Philippines. (Supplied)

“It makes me happy. It’s the only life that I want to live, as of now,” she said. “I’ve always wanted to do something like this, and it really makes me happy.”

Alindayo lives in the remote town of Rafha, a nine-hour drive from capital, Riyadh. Her dedication to animal welfare is so devout that she once took 12 cats from Rafha to Riyadh, before boarding a flight with them to the Philippines.

Another time, she managed to find homes for another 12 cats in the US. She again flew them across the world herself. “It was very easy,” she said.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Physical therapist Virginia Alindayo spoke to Arab News about how she has found homes for more than 50 cats and dogs.

• Saudi Society for Animal Welfare has almost 1,000 members who not only feed, rehome and neuter stray animals, but also offer their professional help free-of-charge.

• Lawyers who joined the association, for example, help to prosecute cases of animal cruelty in Saudi Arabia.

Alindayo first started her rehoming campaign in 2020 after her own pet cat went missing. In trying to find the cat, she came across several animal welfare groups on Facebook, including Aramina’s Pet Travel, Pawssionate Pet Lovers and Mission Pawsible.

She found her cat, and using the educational resources from the online groups, decided to take up the cause of helping stray animals.

Virginia Alindayo's rescued puppies in Saudi Arabia, waiting to find new homes. (Supplied)

Often paying out of her own pocket for vaccinations, paperwork and airfares, she is also supported by generous donors online.

But still, her love for animals has taken a financial toll. “I’m planning to neuter at least 20 cats. And you know what? I’m even planning to take out a loan for this … I have to do something about it. Otherwise, I’ll just close my eyes and never feed all these cats.”

Saeed Jazzar, vice chairman of the Saudi Society for Animal Welfare, or Refq, said that despite fast-changing attitudes among the public, stray animals in Saudi Arabia remain a problem.

“It’s a national issue, honestly, and part of it is done because people buy animals and then they turn them loose. They don’t want them, and those animals are still breeding.”

As of yet, there is no nationwide trap-neuter-release program — believed by many to be the most ethical method of dealing with strays.

“The level of education now in Saudi Arabia is a lot higher than it was 10 years ago, and 10 years ago it was better than it was 30 years ago,” Jazzar said.

“We see the society complying with these things, and part of that comes from Islam also, but it was totally ignored back then. What we see now is an improvement, honestly, and it complies with Vision 2030.”

Refq has almost 1,000 members — mostly volunteers — who not only feed, rehome and neuter stray animals, but also offer their professional help free-of-charge.

Lawyers who joined the association, for example, help to prosecute cases of animal cruelty in Saudi Arabia, including a shocking case that involved giraffes being kept in enclosures too small for them to fully straighten their necks.

Two of the giraffes died from their injuries, but Refq rescued the rest.

In another case, the society shut down a circus in Riyadh that was keeping horses out in direct sunlight without proper shelter.

As well as lawyers, Refq has engineers who use their expertise to design animal shelters for the society.

For Jazzar and Refq, there is still much work to be done to improve the situation of stray animals in the country.

But even so, any act of kindness can have its benefits.

Describing how some members spend upward of SR40,000 ($10,650) every year feeding stray animals, Jazzar said: “It’s like you’re throwing your money on the street, but in reality, you’re doing yourself good by helping other creatures that were mentioned in the Qur’an.

“If you help any living soul, it’s rewarded by Allah.”

 

 


Saudi Arabia and Spain explore opportunities in mining cooperation

Updated 19 October 2024
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Saudi Arabia and Spain explore opportunities in mining cooperation

  • Alkhorayef highlighted the strong partnership between Saudi Arabia and Spain, emphasizing the significant economic and trade ties that have developed over the years

LONDON: Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources met on Saturday with Spanish Minister of State for Energy, Sara Aagesen Munoz, to discuss deepening mining cooperation between the two nations.

The meeting between Bandar Alkhorayef and Munoz also included Saudi Ambassador to Spain, Princess Haifa bint Abdulaziz bin Ayyaf Al Muqrin, and focused on attracting Spanish mining companies to invest in the Kingdom’s growing mining sector.

During the discussions, Alkhorayef highlighted the strong partnership between Saudi Arabia and Spain, emphasizing the significant economic and trade ties that have developed over the years.

He described Spain as a key partner in Saudi Arabia's efforts to expand its industrial and mining sectors, expressing optimism about strengthening cooperation in these areas.

Alkhorayef also discussed Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and noted that key sectors such as industry, mining, energy, and logistics were critical to achieving these goals, with mining in particular being a cornerstone of the Kingdom’s economic transformation.

Alkhorayef also welcomed foreign investment and underscored the attractive opportunities available for international firms. He invited Spanish companies to explore the Kingdom’s untapped potential in mining, noting that the government has implemented various initiatives to support the sector's growth.

The meeting concluded with both sides reaffirming their commitment to strengthening bilateral ties and exploring new areas of cooperation in the mining industry.


Saudi minister meets India’s foreign secretary in New Delhi

Updated 19 October 2024
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Saudi minister meets India’s foreign secretary in New Delhi

  • They reviewed relations between their countries and discussed ways in which they might be enhanced

NEW DELHI: The Saudi deputy minister for political affairs, Saud Al-Sati, held talks with India’s foreign secretary, Vikram Misri, in New Delhi on Saturday.

They reviewed relations between their countries and discussed ways in which they might be enhanced, the Saudi Foreign Ministry said in a message posted on social media platform X. Other topics included the latest regional and international developments and other issues of common interest.

The second meeting of the Saudi-Indian Strategic Partnership Council’s committee on political, security, social and cultural cooperation also took place on Saturday.

 

 


King Salman Qur’an contest concludes in Mauritania

Updated 19 October 2024
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King Salman Qur’an contest concludes in Mauritania

  • The grand mufti stressed the competition’s significance in fostering moderate Islamic values and countering extremism

RIYADH: The King Salman Competition for Memorizing the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah has concluded in Mauritania, the Saudi Press Agency reported on Saturday.

The closing ceremony in Nouakchott was attended by the Saudi Ambassador to Mauritania Abdulaziz Al-Raqabi, the Grand Mufti of Mauritania Sheikh Ahmed Ould Murabit, Mauritanian officials, and Arab and Muslim diplomats.

Saudi Islamic Minister Sheikh Abdullatif Al-Asheikh thanked Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Cheikh El Ghazouani in a recorded speech for hosting the event, which saw 136 contestants from 16 West African countries.

Al-Raqabi spoke of the competition’s role in promoting Qur’an and Sunnah memorization, the SPA reported.

Secretary-General of the Mauritanian Ministry of Islamic Affairs Beyte Allah Ahmed Leswed, and the Minister of Islamic Affairs Sidi Yahya Cheikhna Lemrabott praised Saudi Arabia’s efforts in supporting Islam and promoting moderation.

The grand mufti stressed the competition’s significance in fostering moderate Islamic values and countering extremism.

 


Saudi academy joins language conference in Spain

Updated 19 October 2024
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Saudi academy joins language conference in Spain

  • The academy also participated in the GITEX Global 2024 Exhibition, held from Oct. 14-18 at the Dubai World Trade Centre, to highlight its strategic projects, particularly its linguistic computing initiatives

RIYADH: The King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language participated in a conference on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, organized by Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University in Spain.

Held from Oct. 18-19 in Barcelona, the conference aimed to exchange experiences, explore language compatibility, and share lessons among framework users, the Saudi Press Agency reported.

Abdullah Al-Washmi, the academy’s secretary-general, highlighted the academy’s role in strengthening linguistic identity, preserving the purity of Arabic, and fulfilling its core mission.

The event received strong support from global language organizations, with experts presenting key research papers.

The academy’s participation aligns with its strategic goals to collaborate with language institutions, showcase initiatives, and promote Arabic teaching and learning.

The academy also participated in the GITEX Global 2024 Exhibition, held from Oct. 14-18 at the Dubai World Trade Centre, to highlight its strategic projects, particularly its linguistic computing initiatives.

Al-Washmi said it was an ideal platform to showcase innovations that supported the Arabic language through advanced technologies.

The academy aimed to demonstrate its efforts in developing tools and technologies using artificial intelligence to enhance the use of Arabic in various tech sectors.