In Pakistan’s northern region, a museum to preserve Baltistan’s forgotten cultural history

Dr. Hassan Khan Amacha poses for a photo in front of a 10-foot-long antique firearm at his museum in Shigar, Pakistan, on October 10, 2022. (AN Photo)
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Updated 17 October 2022
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In Pakistan’s northern region, a museum to preserve Baltistan’s forgotten cultural history

  • Muhammad Hassan Khan Amacha took the initiative to set up the facility in Shigar, once ruled by his family
  • The 78-year-old retired doctor says he embarked on the project to keep the history of his forefathers alive

SHIGAR: A man belonging to a royal family that once ruled what is now a scenic district of Pakistan’s northern Gilgit-Baltistan region said in a recent interview with Arab News that he decided to turn a portion of his residence into a museum to preserve his area’s culture by collecting its historic artefacts. 

A medical doctor by profession, Muhammad Hassan Khan Amacha continues to live in Shigar which used to be governed by his family in the past. The district is internationally known to backpackers and high-altitude climbers since it is a major tourist destination and the main gateway to the world’s second tallest K2 mountain. 

“There is no connection between my profession and the museum since I am a doctor,” said the 78-year-old owner of the facility. “However, I belong to the royal family and over 50 items and a few books displayed here come from my own house.” 

Asked about his motivation to undertake the project, Amacha said that he wanted to keep the history of his forefathers alive. 

“I am also writing a book on Shigar,” he continued. “Its content is almost ready and tells the story of this place and its rulers.” 




Historical and cultural items of Baltistan region are on the display at a museum in Shigar, Pakistan, on October 10, 2022.  (AN Photo)

He said that his decision to build the museum elicited an enthusiastic response from the residents of the area. 

“Many people decided to present rare and valuable items belonging to their forefathers to me,” Amacha added. “Some also sold interesting artefacts in their possession. Now there are over 200 items in the museum.” 

Among the museum assets is a 10-foot-long antique firearm which is thought to be over 400 years old. 

“There are 18 rifles in the museum,” he said. “The length of one of them is 10 feet and I have not seen such a weapon in any other part of the country.” 

Amacha said the rifle had been used in a war fought in 1634 when the Mughal army, under Shah Jahan’s rule, tried to invade Baltistan. 




Kettles used by the residents of Baltistan region in the past are on the display at a museum in Shigar, Pakistan, on October 10, 2022. (AN Photo)

He maintained it was specifically designed for the war which had to be fought in the mountainous region. 

Other museum items include local kettles, stone pots and hookahs which were preferred by smokers in olden days. 

“The long rifles, pitchers, samovars and stone pots are my favorite,” he said while curating the facility with pride. “One of the pitchers was found a few years ago when a resident of Shigar was digging the land to build a house. It is also the oldest thing here.” 


Pakistan deports over 216,000 illegal migrants since April under ongoing repatriation drive

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Pakistan deports over 216,000 illegal migrants since April under ongoing repatriation drive

  • The drive against illegal foreigners was launched in November 2023 amid a surge in militancy
  • The country has repatriated a total of 1,102,441 illegal foreigners since the deportations began

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan has deported over 216,000 undocumented foreign nationals since April this year as part of a nationwide campaign targeting illegal migrants, mostly Afghan citizens, the country’s interior ministry said on Tuesday.
The repatriation drive, which began in November 2023, was launched in the wake of a spike in suicide bombings and militant activity that Pakistani officials linked to Afghan nationals, though no public evidence was provided to support the claim.
“Since April 1, 2025, a total of 216,103 illegal foreigners have been repatriated and the campaign is ongoing,” the ministry said in its statement.
“Since October 2023, a total of 1,102,441 illegal foreigners have been repatriated under the Illegal Foreigners Repatriation Program,” it added.
Initially, authorities had said the crackdown would focus on those lacking any legal documentation. However, in early 2025, the government expanded the scope to Afghan Citizen Card (ACC) holders, ordering them to leave by March 31 or face deportation starting April 1.
The interior ministry said food and health care arrangements had been made for those in the repatriation process, and that women, children and the elderly are being treated “with dignity and respect.”
It warned that anyone aiding undocumented foreigners with employment or accommodation would also face legal action.
Pakistan has hosted more than 2.8 million Afghan refugees over the past four decades due to prolonged conflict in Afghanistan.
The current deportation campaign has drawn criticism from human rights groups and the Afghan Taliban, who have accused Islamabad of harassment and called for the safe and dignified return of Afghan nationals.
The Pakistani government has denied these allegations, maintaining the repatriation process is being carried out respectfully and in accordance with the law.


Pakistan tells UK lawmakers it wants Indus Waters Treaty revived amid India tensions

Updated 44 min 43 sec ago
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Pakistan tells UK lawmakers it wants Indus Waters Treaty revived amid India tensions

  • The Pakistani delegation in London says Islamabad wants ‘composite dialogue’ with New Delhi on all issues
  • It says Pakistan’s military response to the Indian actions was measured and consistent with international law

ISLAMABAD: A Pakistani parliamentary delegation visiting key global capitals in the wake of last month’s military standoff with India told British lawmakers Islamabad remains committed to ensuring the revival of the Indus Waters Treaty and promoting regional peace, according to an official statement issued on Wednesday. 

The outreach comes after India and Pakistan engaged in their most intense military exchange in years, sparking fears of a full-scale war under a nuclear overhang. Over four days in May, both sides exchanged missile strikes, launched drone attacks and engaged in air combat before a US-brokered ceasefire was announced by President Donald Trump on May 10.

The crisis was triggered by a militant attack that killed 26 tourists in Indian-administered Kashmir. New Delhi blamed the assault on Pakistan-based elements, an allegation Islamabad denied, instead calling for an independent international probe. As tensions escalated, the global community moved swiftly to defuse the situation.

Before launching its military strikes, India took several punitive measures against Pakistan, including suspending a decades-old, World Bank-backed water-sharing treaty between the two countries.

“The High-Level Parliamentary delegation from Pakistan, led by the Chairman of Pakistan People’s Party and former Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari, briefed the All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Pakistan during a meeting hosted by APPG Chair Yasmin Qureshi MP at Westminster Palace, which was attended by cross-party British parliamentarians,” the statement said.

“The delegation underscored Pakistan’s commitment to restraint, revival of the Indus Waters Treaty and initiation of a composite dialogue between the two countries on all outstanding issues, particularly the Jammu and Kashmir dispute.”

According to the statement, Bhutto-Zardari briefed lawmakers on the consequences of what he described as India’s unprovoked aggression, including violations of Pakistan’s sovereignty in the aftermath of the attack in Indian-administered Kashmir.

He rejected India’s allegations against Pakistan as baseless, saying they lacked credible investigation or verifiable evidence.

He further warned India’s unilateral suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty violated international law and could have serious implications for regional and global peace.

Pakistan’s Minister for Climate Change and Environmental Coordination Musadik Malik also addressed the session, highlighting the environmental and food security risks of disrupting the treaty. 

He warned the suspension threatened the survival of Pakistan’s 240 million people, most of whom rely on agriculture. 

The delegation also emphasized Pakistan’s military response to the Indian actions was measured and consistent with international law, including the right to self-defense under Article 51 of the UN Charter.


Pakistan hails 2025 Hajj as ‘historic’ after winning Saudi award for best services

Updated 10 June 2025
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Pakistan hails 2025 Hajj as ‘historic’ after winning Saudi award for best services

  • Sardar Yousaf says pilgrims in the lowest payment tier received services reserved for higher-cost packages
  • He adds the government-backed Hajj package was more affordable than those offered by neighboring states

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s Religious Affairs Minister Sardar Muhammad Yousaf on Wednesday described the 2025 Hajj as “historic compared to previous years” for Pakistani pilgrims, citing improved services, enhanced facilities and formal recognition from Saudi authorities for the country’s pilgrimage management.

Addressing a post-Hajj press conference in Makkah, the minister said Pakistan’s Hajj Mission had received an Excellence Award from the Saudi Ministry of Hajj and Umrah, ranking first among the seven missions honored this year, in recognition of its services to over 115,000 Pakistani pilgrims.

“The 2025 Hajj was historic compared to previous years, and Pakistani pilgrims were provided exceptional services and facilities,” Yousaf said. “This award from the Saudi Ministry of Hajj and Umrah is a matter of pride for Pakistan.”

Saudi Arabia hosted over 88,000 government-sponsored Pakistani pilgrims this year, he said, noting that for the first time, air-conditioned tents, gypsum board partitions, sofa-cum-beds and overhead shelves were introduced in Mina.

Facilities at Arafat also included enhanced air-conditioning, shaded walkways and grassy areas.

Yousaf said pilgrims in the lowest payment category were offered services typically reserved for higher-tier packages.

He maintained the Hajj package for government-sponsored pilgrims remained more affordable than those offered in neighboring countries, while offering superior services.

In Madinah, all Pakistani pilgrims were housed in three- and five-star hotels near the Prophet’s Mosque and given the opportunity to visit Riyaz-ul-Jannah.

To improve coordination, Pakistan introduced a “Nazim Scheme” for the first time, assigning a group leader to every 188 pilgrims.

More than 400 medical professionals were also deployed to ensure health care services for pilgrims.

Yousaf appreciated the Pakistani pilgrims for their cooperation and adherence to Saudi guidelines during the pilgrimage.


Pakistan says China has offered to sell new military equipment, including J-35 fighter jets

Updated 10 June 2025
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Pakistan says China has offered to sell new military equipment, including J-35 fighter jets

  • Shares of Chinese arms companies rallied this week after the announcement
  • Pakistan and India have sought to bolster their defense capabilities after engaging in four days of conflict last month 

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s government this month announced that China has offered to sell it its new military equipment, including 40 of its advanced fifth-generation J-35 fighter jets and ballistic missile defense systems following Islamabad’s armed conflict with India in May. 

Nuclear-armed neighbors India and Pakistan engaged in armed conflict for four days from May 7-10, pounding each other with artillery fire, fighter jets, drones and missiles. Fighting stopped on May 10 when US President Donald Trump announced both countries had agreed to a ceasefire. 

Pakistan said its air force downed six Indian fighter jets using Chinese J-10C aircraft on the night of May 6. On May 31, the chief of defense staff of the Indian Armed Forces, Anil Chauhan, confirmed India lost an unspecified number of fighter jets in clashes with Pakistan last month.

Both countries have since then sought to bolster their defense capabilities and procure the latest arms as tensions continue to simmer between both nations. Pakistan’s government said in a social media post on June 7 that China has also offered to sell KJ-500 airborne early warning and control aircraft, as well as HQ-19 ballistic missile defense systems to Pakistan. 

“Under Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif, Pakistan has achieved several major diplomatic achievements including the offer of 40 fifth-generation J-35 stealth aircraft, KJ-500 AWACS, HQ-19 defense systems from China, and the deferment of $3.7 billion in debt,” the Government of Pakistan wrote on social media account X. 

 

 

As per a report in the international news publication Bloomberg on Monday, the shares of Chinese defense companies rallied this week after Pakistan’s announcement of Beijing’s offer to sell its aircraft. The report said shares of AVIC Shenyang Aircraft Company— the maker of China’s J-35 stealth fighter jet— soared by their 10 percent daily limit in Shanghai, extending gains for the third consecutive session on Monday.

The shares of another China-based company, Aerospace Nanhu Electronic Information Technology Co., soared by 15 percent, the report added. 

The shares of Chinese arms makers have surged since Pakistan said its air force downed six Indian fighter jets, using Chinese J-10C aircraft, on the night of May 6. The two countries had engaged in armed conflict that day after India struck what it called “terrorist” camps in Pakistan. 

The J-35 stealth fighter jet was developed by Shenyang Aircraft Corporation and publicly unveiled at the 2024 Zhuhai Airshow. Its sale to Pakistan would mark China’s first export of the fifth-generation jet, which has advanced stealth capabilities for penetrating the airspace of an adversary. 

On the other hand, the KJ-500 aircraft would improve Pakistan’s radar coverage, and its smaller size allows for nimbler use in regional clashes, the report said. The HQ-19 surface-to-air missile systems would enhance the country’s ability to intercept ballistic missiles.

“In a sign of how the conflict is changing dynamics, Indonesia— which has relied on aircraft from makers in the US, Russia and elsewhere— is mulling China’s offer of J-10 jets,” Bloomberg reported. “Southeast Asia’s largest economy has bought munitions and air surveillance systems from China in the past, but not jet fighters.”

Tensions reached a boiling point when India blamed Pakistan for supporting an attack in Indian-administered Kashmir on April 22. Gunmen had killed 26 Indian tourists in Pahalgam resort. New Delhi, which has always blamed Pakistan for supporting militant outfits in the part of Kashmir it governs, accused Islamabad of having a hand in the attack.

Pakistan denied the allegations and called for an international probe into the incident. 

Though the fragile ceasefire continues to hold, ties between the two countries remain strained. New Delhi and Islamabad have both sent delegations to world capitals in hopes of swaying international opinion in their favor. 


Pakistan set to unveil IMF-backed budget today, aimed at balancing growth and stability

Updated 10 June 2025
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Pakistan set to unveil IMF-backed budget today, aimed at balancing growth and stability

  • Pakistan missed its growth target as agriculture, industry underperformed in the outgoing fiscal year
  • Analysts expect the government to focus on fiscal consolidation by widening the tax base this year

KARACHI: Pakistan’s Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb is set to unveil an International Monetary Fund-backed federal budget for the 2025-26 fiscal year in parliament today, with economists describing it as a delicate balancing act aimed at preserving macroeconomic stability while reigniting growth.

The budget comes a day after the release of the Economic Survey of Pakistan, which showed that the country missed its annual growth target, expanding by 2.7 percent against a goal of 3.7 percent.

Economists say the government is now walking a “tightrope” as it prepares its fiscal roadmap for the coming year.

“The upcoming budget is expected to be fiscally disciplined, aiming to strike a delicate balance between economic stability and inclusive growth,” said Sana Tawfik, head of research at Karachi-based brokerage Arif Habib Limited.

Pakistan’s agriculture sector was a major drag on overall performance in the outgoing fiscal year, growing just 0.56 percent, while the industrial sector, especially large-scale manufacturing, also lagged.

The services sector fared slightly better with an estimated 2.9 percent growth. For the upcoming year, the government is targeting 4.2 percent GDP growth, according to Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal.

In the new budget, businesses across sectors, including textiles, real estate, capital markets alongside foreign investors, are hoping for rationalization of key taxes such as the sales tax, capital gains tax, super tax and the levy on salaried income.

The government, however, is expected to stay the course on reforms mandated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which have helped stabilize the economy after years of high debt and dollar shortages.

“With IMF engagement in focus, the government is likely to prioritize fiscal consolidation, emphasizing revenue enhancement through broadening the tax base,” Tawfik said.

The IMF has pressed Pakistan to bring more sectors into the tax net, particularly agriculture, real estate and retail.

Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif’s administration has already withdrawn subsidies and raised electricity tariffs in recent years to boost revenue, key conditions under the IMF program.

“While development spending may remain contained due to limited fiscal space, the overall direction appears to favor continuity of reform,” Tawfik said.

Mushtaq Khan, former chief economist at Bank Alfalah Limited, said the government is expected to wage a “war on cash” in the coming fiscal year by promoting a cashless economy.

He added the Sharif administration now appears more “confident” as his coalition government has seemingly gained political strength in the wake of the recent military standoff with India.