Gulf men’s cricket teams eye progress on world stage

The UAE earlier succeeded in reaching the final qualification stage for the 2023 ODI World Cup. (Twitter: @EmiratesCricket)
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Updated 20 April 2023
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Gulf men’s cricket teams eye progress on world stage

  • Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain will compete in the Asia Premier Cup, a pathway to the 2023 Asia Cricket Cup

April is a decisive month for International Cricket Council associate members in the Gulf region.

Qualifying outcomes for both the Asia Cricket Cup and the ODI World Cup are in play. Earlier in the month, the UAE succeeded in reaching the final qualification stage for the 2023 ODI World Cup. In the second qualifying stage for the finals of the Asia Cricket Cup, the men’s teams of Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain will compete in the Asia Premier Cup, along with four other Asian teams.

Stakes are high, as only the winning team will join the five full ICC Asian members in the Asia Cup. The naming of the qualifying stages, as if each was a free-standing competition, can lead to confusion.

Nepal is the venue for the Asia Premier Cup, where vociferous home supporters will be striving to drive their team on to greater heights. The 10 teams have been divided into two groups of five, from which the winners and runners-up progress to the semifinals.

Saudi Arabia has been placed in Group A, with Malaysia, Qatar, Nepal and Oman, to be played on April 20, 22, 24 and 26, respectively. These are all challenging and experienced opponents. Group B comprises Hong Kong, Kuwait, Singapore, Bahrain and the UAE.

It is the latter team that will be under the greatest pressure to succeed, having rediscovered its form, just in time. This disappeared dramatically in the latter stages of the League 2 qualifying stage for the 2023 ICC ODI World Cup.

Seven losses in the last 10 games, culminating in a controversial match against Nepal on March 16, condemned the UAE to sixth place out of seven, putting its ICC status in jeopardy. From a distance, the reason for the decline was not apparent. However, it was not a surprise to learn, following that defeat, that the Director of Cricket, Robin Singh, would not be continuing in post.

Singh began his stint in mid-2020 and had initial success, including qualification for the T20 World Cup in Australia and victories over a Test-playing full member, Ireland. Perhaps, as a result, expectations had been heightened too much. Singh was combining his role with that of being a member of the Mumbai Indians coaching team in the Indian Premier League, the start of which has clashed with the UAE’s state of crisis.

This has been especially noticeable in the team’s batting, with an apparent nadir against Papua New Guinea on March 5 when they were dismissed for 97. A week later, worse followed, as Nepal dismissed the UAE for its lowest-ever ODI total, 71.

An interim appointment has been made of Mudassar Nazar, a former Pakistani all-rounder, who played 76 Test and 122 one-day matches for his country. After various coaching and administrative roles, he has most recently been head of the Emirates Cricket Board’s National Academy program, as well as head coach of the UAE’s under-19 team. Hence, he was a familiar figure to the players in their hour of need.

They responded in impressive fashion. Failure to secure a top-three spot in League 2 meant the chances of qualifying for the World Cup rested on a knife edge via a play-off qualifier with five other teams in Namibia between March 26 and April 5. The UAE’s batters returned to form, scoring over 200 in each of the five matches, of which four were won to secure second spot behind the US.

Despite equal points, the US team was placed in top position as they beat the UAE head-to-head. Nevertheless, one-day international status was retained, important because of the continued opportunity to play against teams of high-quality and receipt of ICC funding.

Asif Khan encapsulated the change in batting fortunes, scoring 297 runs from a middle-order batting position. Another Khan, Ali, featured prominently for the US, claiming 16 wickets at an average of 12.37, including seven for 32 to destroy Jersey’s innings. In that match, the tensions which exist in these qualifying tournaments, where the stakes are so high, surfaced in the use of disparaging language/gestures and inappropriate physical contact.

Three players were deemed to have breached the ICC’s code of conduct, one from Jersey, who was fined 15 percent of his match fee, and two from the US, including Khan, who received a demerit point. When added to three previous penalties, it means that he will miss the team’s next two matches, either T20 or ODI. It seems that he fits well into the mold of fiery fast bowlers. 

The US squad will be hoping that these two matches do not coincide with the final World Cup qualifying tournament in Zimbabwe in June and July. Nine teams out of 10 have been confirmed: West Indies, Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe, the Netherlands, Scotland, Oman, Nepal, US and the UAE.

This is a powerful line-up, which will be supplemented by the 10th team, either South Africa or Ireland, whose team has to win all three matches in a series against Bangladesh in May. There will be some fierce rivalries playing out in this competition between teams that have met each other frequently in the past two years, sometimes not always harmoniously.

It is difficult to imagine that the two teams which progress to the finals in India will not come from the four full members. There will be the hope among the associate members that they can cause an upset along the way so as to illustrate their progress. Experience of playing against stronger teams will lead to enhanced techniques, greater familiarity in dealing with pressure situations, and increased confidence to compete at a higher level.

This will be the situation for the Saudi team as it steps out into the unknown in the febrile atmosphere of Nepal to face Asian competitors of significantly greater experience in one-day cricket. It is another step on a developmental pathway.


Fakhar Zaman eyes international return as he prepares for DP World ILT20 start with Desert Vipers

Updated 08 January 2025
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Fakhar Zaman eyes international return as he prepares for DP World ILT20 start with Desert Vipers

  • 100% he will play for Pakistan again, says 34-year-old top-order powerhouse

DUBAI: Pakistan top-order powerhouse Fakhar Zaman is getting ready for the DP World ILT20 with the Desert Vipers, but he believes he still has plenty to offer Pakistan.

The 34-year-old has not played for his country since the ICC T20 World Cup in June of 2024, but he told the Vipers Voices podcast he has not turned the page on his international career.

“Hundred percent I will play for Pakistan (again),” he said. “Actually, many people do not know about that, but after the T20 World Cup I got sick and because of the medical condition I was not fit, so I was not a part of the team.

“But now I recovered a 100 percent, and you will see me in the next international series which Pakistan plays.”

The next major white-ball tournament for Pakistan is the ICC Champions Trophy 2025, hosted by Pakistan, and it is an event that in 2017 saw Zaman announce himself on the world stage, with a match-winning 100 against India in the final at The Oval in London.

“My plan has been around the Champions Trophy (in 2025),” he said. “I did not play in the Australia tour or in the South Africa tour, so my whole plan was just to play in the Champions Trophy to make myself available and to be fully fit for the tournament.

“That was in the back of my mind, and I am thankful, and I am lucky to be fit right now. I started from the Champions Trophy 2017 and that went really well for me and now I am very excited for the next edition also.”

Incumbent Pakistan opener Saim Ayub was recently injured during Pakistan’s tour to South Africa, potentially opening up a spot for Zaman. But the Pakistani batter said he expected to stay with the Desert Vipers for the whole tournament while wishing for Ayub’s speedy recovery.

“I hope and I believe that he will recover quickly, and I was thinking yesterday to call Saim just to talk to him about this injury,” he said. “Believe me, he is such a great player that if he continues to play for the next four to five years, he will be at the top and he will be amongst the top three players in the world.”

Zaman was a top target for the Desert Vipers’ Director of Cricket Tom Moody for this year’s tournament in the UAE, with the Australia ICC Cricket World Cup winner calling the left-hander “a true match-winner.”

From Zaman’s perspective, the opportunity to link up with the Desert Vipers required little thought.

“There are many Pakistani players who have played for the Desert Vipers including Shadab Khan, Shaheen Shah Afridi, Azam Khan and Mohammad Amir. And they talk really highly about this team, the environment, the management, the way they play the cricket and the way their mindset is,” he said.

“So, when I got the offer, without any discussion with anyone, I said ‘yes, I would love to play for this team.’

“I was really excited and, to be honest, I was supporting this team even before I was a part of this, so I am really excited to be here and I am very happy.”

Zaman has more than 5,000 international runs and over 7,000 runs in Twenty20 cricket, but although he is best known as an opener, he has batted from one to six for Pakistan in the shortest international format.

And although he wants to open, he is willing to slot in anywhere. “Of course, my preference is always to open for any team, like if I play in the T20 matches or 50-over games, but you know it also depends on the team requirement,” he said.

“In Pakistan we have three of the best players in the world in Babar Azam, Mohammad Rizwan and Saim Ayub, so sometimes I feel lucky to be in the team even if I am not able to make my place in the team as an opener.

“If the team has faith in me and they want me to bat at number four or five, so that totally makes sense, because for me the team is always first and I play wherever the team wants me to play, but I always prefer to open.”

Looking ahead to the DP World ILT20, Zaman said that while he was relishing playing with every single member of the Vipers squad, there was one player in particular that he could not wait to line up alongside.

“I know he does not know about it, but I am very excited to play with Sherfane Rutherford because he is one of the best cricketers in the T20 format and I really enjoy seeing him batting,” he said.

“I am very excited to be part of this team, and I want to share the crease with him. He is one of the best players, so I am very excited to play with that guy.”

And as for the prospects for the team in the upcoming tournament, Zaman said he was confident the group would be successful.

“If you see our team, the team is very balanced,” he said. “We have a good mix of young players and experienced players. We have good players, and we have strength in both our bowling and batting.

“So, if we play as a team — and you know in cricket you need luck also —then hopefully, if luck favors us, you will see us in the finals.”

The Desert Vipers’ first match of the 2025 DP World ILT20 is on day two of the tournament, against the Abu Dhabi Knight Riders at Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi.


‘I love winning trophies’ says Desert Vipers’ Sam Curran ahead of start of DP World ILT20 season

Updated 07 January 2025
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‘I love winning trophies’ says Desert Vipers’ Sam Curran ahead of start of DP World ILT20 season

  • England all-rounder will face off against brother Tom in the competition’s 3rd season

DUBAI: England all-rounder Sam Curran, a serial winner in England in 2024, is hoping he can bring that formula for success to the Desert Vipers in this season’s DP World ILT20.

The 26-year-old won The Hundred with the Oval Invincibles and the County Championship with Surrey last year, and now he wants to start 2025 with some more silverware as the Vipers chase a first title.

Speaking to the Vipers Voices podcast, Curran said: “I guess I love winning trophies. Any player loves winning trophies and the last couple of years I have won a couple, which has been really nice.

“I think one of the keys to that is the culture of this team — that is really important. The vibe and the energy around the group is vital and that is one reason I have come to the Vipers after playing the last part of the season with them last year.

“For me, it links back to coming to a place where I know a lot of people and you can feel comfortable, you can express yourself, you can have a joke, but when you come down to training you can be that serious and energetic group, and train really hard and be honest with each other when you have a bad day.

Curran was one of a group of players that also included Pakistan fast bowler Mohammad Aamir, UAE all-rounder Dhruv Parashar and wicketkeeper-batter Tanish Suri, and England fast bowler Luke Wood, that got together at the ICC Academy on Sunday for a first hit-out ahead of the new season.

The left-armer has chosen to return to the Vipers following his 2024 cameo despite having a number of possible options, with multiple leagues going on around the world at the same time.

Elaborating on his reasoning, Curran said: “The fact is I know quite a lot of people here. Obviously (Desert Vipers director of cricket) Tom Moody is a guy I know really well as he is my head coach at the Oval Invincibles. The Vipers’ strength and conditioning coach, Darren Veness, has worked with me at Surrey for many years and then there is James Foster, the Vipers head coach. There are a lot of familiar faces.

“I liked the environment and the culture last year that was created, even though I was only here for probably 10 days or so. The environment is something that is quite important to me and knowing that I am here for the next five weeks, with a sense we can build something quite nice is a positive.

Director of Cricket Tom Moody and Head Coach James Foster have both talked about their expectations for Curran not just as a batsman and bowler, but also as a senior leader of the team. Curran was player of the tournament when England won the T20 World Cup in Australia just over two years ago, and he captained the Punjab Kings during the 2024 Indian Premier League.

Curran said he was excited about sharing his knowledge and experience.

“Even though I am still fairly young I still feel extremely experienced around T20 cricket,” he said.

“I know the captain Lockie Ferguson quite well having played with him, so I will just be trying to help guys and share my experiences, and hopefully show some performances on the park that will enhance the team’s chances of winning.

Sam Curran’s brother Tom, who was a part of the Desert Vipers squad in season one and missed season two due to injury, has now signed with the Gulf Giants for season three of the DP World ILT20.

It means the brothers will be in opposing teams in this tournament, unusual because they are teammates both at the Oval Invincibles and with Surrey. The upcoming sibling rivalry is something Sam said he was looking forward to.

“I have spoken to Tom about it,” said Sam. He is in Australia now, playing in the Big Bash League, but we have already penned that date in the diary, the Vipers vs. the Gulf Giants!

“We played against each other once or twice in the IPL or twice, I think when he was with Delhi. It will be a very strange feeling but I think now that we are a bit older there will be no love on that field.

“I am sure there will be a lot of bragging rights around the dinner table and I am sure our mum will be there for that as well. I am very excited for that one. Whatever happens, as long as I hit him for six, I will be happy.”

The Vipers, even with Sam slotting in for the last part of last season, failed to make the playoffs in 2024 having been runners-up in season one, but Sam said he was confident the players on duty this time would be able to set the record straight.

“The schedule for this season looks pretty compact and busy, so I think it is probably really important for us to start well and try to get that confidence up.

“The good thing is, there is so much experience in our side. You look at guys like Alex Hales, Wanindu Hasaranga, Luke Wood and UAE players like Ali Naseer and Tanish Suri — these guys are coming back for the third season, so I am sure they will have learned from that last season and help us to put things right. That is important because the competition is going to keep getting stronger.

The Desert Vipers first match of the 2025 DP World ILT20 is on day two of the tournament, against the Abu Dhabi Knight Riders at Zayed Cricket Stadium in Abu Dhabi.


Sri Lankan Embassy holds cricket tournament to mark ties with Saudi Arabia

Sri Lankan Embassy in Riyadh recently held a cricket tournament to mark 50 years of diplomatic relations with Saudi Arabia.
Updated 06 January 2025
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Sri Lankan Embassy holds cricket tournament to mark ties with Saudi Arabia

  • Competition marks 50 years of diplomatic ties
  • Plans to bring big names from Sri Lankan cricket to promote annual event

RIYADH: The Sri Lankan Embassy in Riyadh recently held a cricket tournament to mark 50 years of diplomatic relations between the Asia nation and Saudi Arabia.

The embassy organized the event in collaboration with the Sri Lankan Cultural Forum in Riyadh. Last year marked the half century of ties between the two nations.

The tournament was an 11-a-side competition with a maximum of five overs per innings, held from Dec. 3 to 27. The final resulted in the Riyadh Lankans beating the Gulf Lions.

A total of 25 teams drawn from the Sri Lankan community in Riyadh participated.

Sri Lanka’s Ambassador Omar Lebbe Ameer Ajwad told Arab News on Monday that the plan is to make it an annual event.

“We are planning to bring some big names from Sri Lankan cricket in the final of the tournament in the future, in order to promote cricket among the Sri Lankan community in Saudi Arabia as well as promote cricket ties with the Kingdom.”

He added that since Saudi Arabia also has a cricket federation, the plan is to “explore opportunities” for cooperation in the game.

Ajwad said the Riyadh Lankans, who clinched the trophy, had showcased exceptional talent and teamwork.

The envoy expressed delight that Saudi Arabia was becoming a global sports hub and would be hosting the 2034 FIFA World Cup, 2029 Asian Winter Games and 2034 Asian Games.


Year of welcome surprises generated by World Test Championship

Updated 02 January 2025
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Year of welcome surprises generated by World Test Championship

  • Despite certain flaws, the WTC has been one of ICC’s best initiatives, encapsulating Test cricket’s unpredictability

LONDON: There have been encouraging signs for lovers of Test cricket toward the end 2024. This is just as well because the T20 franchise season is almost upon us. There are those who are convinced that the T20 format is the only way of the future, but this seems disrespectful of the game’s oldest format.

One factor that seems to have assisted Test cricket was the creation of the World Test Championship by the International Cricket Council.

It comprises nine of the 12 ICC full members and is played on a two-year cycle. The first one, 2019-2021, was interrupted by COVID-19, with New Zealand beating India in the final. India also reached the final of the 2021-2023 cycle, but Australia triumphed. The WTC provides a framework for Test cricket by which teams are rated on the basis of results. The concept was first mooted as far back as 1996. It took until 2010 for agreement to be reached on its structure but was shelved in 2013 due to financial considerations. 

The eventual tournament structure consists of 69 matches played between the nine teams across 27 series. Each team plays six series, three at home and three away, with each series containing two to five Test matches. The two teams with the highest number of points progress to the final. 

Critics point to severe flaws in this structure. International cricket’s packed calendar means that not all teams play long series. Logistical challenges are too great to overcome to allow a home-and-away format. India and Pakistan do not play each other, while Test cricket is not financially viable outside of Australia, England and India.

It is quite an achievement, therefore, that South Africa is the first team to qualify for the final, which will be played in June, 2025, at Lords. This was achieved via six two-Test series against India, West Indies, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, New Zealand and Pakistan. The last of these is currently in play against Pakistan. The first match was laden with drama. South Africa’s cricketing history contains many near misses and self-induced disasters, including the 2024 T20 World Cup final. Needing 30 runs from 30 deliveries, with six wickets in hand, South Africa lost by seven runs.     

Another disaster seemed a distinct possibility at Centurion Park, Pretoria. Requiring only 148 for victory, South Africa slumped to 99 for eight in the face of superb fast bowling by Pakistan. Then, Kagiso Rabada, batting at number ten and Marco Jansen, batting at eight, shared a 51-run partnership to secure victory. Celebrations, no doubt tinged with relief, erupted. Sadly, there were few people there to witness the event.

This was not the case in Melbourne, where an equally thrilling Test match was won by Australia when India collapsed in the final session of the final day. Requiring 340 to win, India seemed to have set out to draw the match. At tea, the strategy looked to be working, India reaching 122 from three in 54 overs. A carelessly given-away wicket sparked the loss of seven wickets for 30 runs. Over the five days, the Test had been watched by 373,691 spectators, a new record for a Test match in Australia.

Australia’s captain, Pat Cummins, was awarded player of the match for his performance with both ball and bat. His leadership qualities seem to know no bounds. His opposite number, Rohit Sharma, had a disappointing match. It is likely for both him and Virat Kohli to be the last series that they play in Australia. The team’s chances of making the WTC final are also fading.

Two months ago, it looked like Australia and India would be the two to reach the final. Now, it is Australia whose chances are the brightest. After a fifth Test against India next week, they have a two-match series against Sri Lanka to navigate. India’s cause was dealt a blow in a surprising twist of fate. After being beaten on tour in August in an ODI series by Sri Lanka for the first time in 27 years, the Test team lost all three matches to New Zealand in October. This ended India’s 12-year unbeaten run in Tests at home. It has not been an auspicious start to Gautam Gambhir’s term as full-time head coach.   

In the race to join South Africa in the WTC final, Australia is in second place in the standings and India is third. The standings are calculated on the basis of the percentage of points won out of the total number of points contested. Twelve points are awarded for a win, a tie draw earns six points, a draw earns four, while points are deducted for slow-over rates. Australia’s percentage of points won is 61.46, while India’s is 52.78.   

Australia requires one win from three remaining Tests — India at home and Sri Lanka away — to reach the final. India must win the final Test of their series against Australia and then rely on Sri Lanka to beat or draw with Australia. Sri Lanka has its own slim hopes. If the fifth Test between Australia and India ends in a draw and Sri Lanka wins both Tests against Australia at home, it will secure a place in the final.

A South Africa v Sri Lanka WTC final would be a major surprise and would probably lead to more concentrated criticism of the championship. In South Africa’s case, it would reopen accusations that it has disrespected Test cricket by sending a weakened squad to New Zealand in early 2024. This was because the top players were required to play in the SA T20 domestic tournament. South Africa’s defense is that, because Test cricket does not make money, the board had little option to develop another income stream.

It is impossible to know if the prospect of appearing in the WTC final affected player and team performance in the two exciting matches that have just concluded. The final matches of the cycle may yet generate more tension. Despite its flaws, the WTC has been one of governing body’s best initiatives, encapsulating Test cricket’s unpredictability.


Cricket’s imbalanced financial structure continues to favor handful of powerful nations

Updated 26 December 2024
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Cricket’s imbalanced financial structure continues to favor handful of powerful nations

  • The International Cricket Council, under new chair Jay Shah, has opportunity to promote India as a uniter and grower of the game

Last week an article written in 2012 caught my eye. It commented on a 9 percent decline in the number of television viewers watching the Indian Premier League. This led to a recommendation that the IPL should join forces with the International Cricket Council to form a World Cricket League, featuring teams from around the world.

In retrospect, the suggestion appears bizarre. The IPL has since become the powerhouse that has propelled India to dominance in cricket’s global political economy. The recommendation ought to be a warning to those who try to predict the game’s future landscape.

It is clear that India’s dominance shows little sign of waning for the foreseeable future. Au contraire, it is set to grow further with the appointment of Jay Shah as chair of the ICC. Previously, Shah was secretary of the Board of Control for Cricket in India between October 2019 and December 2024. During that time, he was instrumental in shaping the current ICC financial model. This massively favors India.

Confirmation was revealed at the ICC annual conference in July 2023, with India set to receive almost 40 percent of ICC revenues in the 2024 to 2027 cycle. How much will actually be earned depends upon the broadcasting revenues that will be realized. Initial estimates indicate that the BCCI could earn $230 million out of a total pot of some $600 million annually. This is a significant increase compared with the 2016 to 2023 cycle, in which the BCCI’s share from the ICC’s central revenue pool totaled $405 million.

By way of comparison, the England and Wales Cricket Board is set to receive $41 million annually, 6.89 percent of the total pot, followed by Cricket Australia with $37.53 million, or 6.25 percent. Only one other board, Pakistan’s, is set to receive over $30 million annually, with $34.51 million or 5.75 percent. The other eight full members will receive a total of $189 million, an average of $24 million each. This leaves $67.5 million, around 11 percent of the pot, to be shared between the 96 associate members.

The contribution to national board income is not easy to estimate. First, this is partly because the criteria or “component weightings” used in the model are opaque. They are based on contribution to the global game both on and off the field. This embraces cricket history, performance in both men’s and women’s ICC events over the last 16 years, contribution to the ICC’s commercial revenue and an equal weightage for full members, quoted as 8.3 percent.

It is clear from the figures above that the other criteria amend the equal weighting. India’s claim that it contributes between 70 and 80 percent of the ICC’s revenue is well recognized in its allocation, whereas that for all other full members is below the base weighting.

A second reason is that the ICC’s annual income is based on the estimated earnings for future years. The majority of these derive from sales of media rights. In the 2024 to 2031 cycle, rights for ICC events were sold for $3.2 billion with $3 billion paid by Disney Star for the Indian market. Effectively, these funds bankroll cricket. In this context, the criticality of matches between India and Pakistan becomes apparent, as highlighted in the recent fracas between them over the 2025 Champions Trophy.

A third reason is that the payments are not uniform. New Zealand Cricket’s report and accounts for the year ending July 31, 2024, note that the distribution of monies from the ICC tends to be heavily weighted toward the end of the cycle. The final wash-up payment from the previous cycle, for example, was received around May 2024, placing it in the 2023 to 2024 financial year.

The NZC’s income in 2022 to 2023 and 2023 to 2024, has been NZ$97 million and NZ$98 million, equivalent to around $55 million. If a similar figure is assumed for 2024 to 2025 then the ICC income of between $24 million and $28 million represents half of its revenue stream. In comparison, the England and Wales Cricket Board has an annual income of around $388 million. Therefore, its $41 million from the ICC is 11 percent of its income, a lower dependency than that of New Zealand. However, 75 percent of its revenues is derived from sales of broadcasting rights, emphasizing its fragile financial structure.

India has no such vulnerability. Its 2023 to 2024 income of 7.574 crore rupees — fast approaching $1 billion — dwarfs that of all other ICC members. This represents a massive contribution to the game across all criteria. On the other hand, that amount of power and influence distort other outcomes. One of these is growth amongst associate members. Many of them are ambitious but are hamstrung by a lack of funds. An example is the Netherlands.

Recently, its governing body, the Koninklijke Nederlandse Cricket Bond, has seemingly pulled back from its ambition to become an ICC full member, because of a budgetary shortfall. Its team has often caused upsets against full members but, unlike the ICC’s full members, the governing body is not guaranteed a slice of the world revenue. This is contingent on qualification for global events, position on white-ball rankings tables and performance on the ICC’s development scorecard. This pits associate members in direct competition with one another, with financial uncertainty a deterrent to potential sponsors.

There is an opportunity for the ICC, under Shah, to promote India as a uniter and grower of the game. This could involve a greater sharing of broadcasting incomes, allowing its teams to play smaller full members and emerging countries, as well as opening new territories and markets. Shah appears to be putting great store by the Olympics to focus on the latter.

There is little indication, so far, that there is any prospect for associate members to receive additional funding to encourage their development. Perhaps this is deliberate. Power clearly rests with India. When with the BCCI, Shah was a key player in negotiating broadcast rights. He carries those connections into the ICC. The recent merger between Disney and Reliance in India severely reduces competition in the market for broadcast rights.

In the next cycle, further concentration of power can be expected, with small pickings for those outside of the inner circle.