RIYADH: In a bid to preserve and celebrate its rich cultural heritage, the Saudi Heritage Commission has cataloged more than 194 archaeological and heritage sites across the Baha region. These sites, including 72 traditional villages, have been classified and labeled with “barcode” plates, as outlined by the Heritage Commission’s data.
In Baha, picturesque scenes unfold as traditional villages and ancient structures dot the landscape, weaving through rugged terrain, vast expanses and diverse climate. These sites stand as testaments to a rich historical legacy, blending tradition, culture and craftsmanship.
Serving as vital components of national identity, the sites showcase a mosaic of cultural and social diversity while contributing significantly to the economy. They have also become magnets for travelers seeking to unearth the secrets of ancient civilizations crafted centuries ago by human hands.
The villages and historical landmarks stand as awe-inspiring testaments to ancient architectural prowess, with their homes, mosques, castles and forts echoing the rich heritage of bygone eras. Utilizing locally sourced materials such as stone, timber and sand, the inhabitants crafted roofs, pillars, doors and walls that seamlessly blend with the natural landscape.
Indigenous trees like juniper, spiny jujube (ziziphus spina christi), acacia and wild olive were skillfully shaped into intricate designs, their surfaces coated with a black tar. As time passed, the hues of these engravings evolved, adding depth and allure to the structures. Moreover, the construction also features granite and basalt rocks, adorned with exquisite marble accents, further enhancing the architectural marvels of the region’s historical sites.
Under the patronage of Prince Hussam bin Saud bin Abdulaziz, the governor of Baha, historic villages and sites in the region are receiving heightened attention and support. Prince Hussam has often emphasized the importance of these cultural riches in conserving the region’s history and contributing to national identity.
In his statements, Prince Hussam emphasizes the rich historical narrative buried in these sites, as well as their significance in communicating the tale of the region’s past and identity. He also highlights the abundance of archaeological and heritage villages scattered throughout the rugged landscapes of Baha, spanning from the highlands to the Tihama sector.
The governor advocates for the meticulous preservation of these villages, calling for collaborative efforts between government bodies, led by the Heritage Commission, and the local community, such as the development initiatives in several heritage villages that have been transformed into vibrant tourist destinations. Notable examples include the Thee Ain archaeological village, Al-Atawlah village, Al-Abadil village and Al-Mousa village.
These revitalized sites have become focal points for national tourism that extend a warm invitation to visitors and residents alike to delve into the rich tapestry of heritage nestled within the heart of Baha.
Mohammed Salem Al-Ghamdi, an elder in the region well versed in the architectural legacy of the area, said: “Since time immemorial, our ancestors have demonstrated a remarkable penchant for constructing stone and mud dwellings in close proximity, their shapes ranging from squares to rectangles or triangles, dictated by the landscape’s contours. These abodes typically feature two stories, with the ground level dedicated to livestock and provisions, while the upper floor serves as living quarters. The maze-like alleys and pathways foster a sense of closeness among residents, nurturing bonds of unity, affection and friendship.”
Al-Ghamdi said that the heritage villages stand as testaments to the resourcefulness of ancient civilizations, despite their limited means.
Moreover, the historic edifices in Baha echo with tales and anecdotes that chronicle pivotal moments in human civilization, serving as invaluable records of cultural evolution. They not only celebrate the region’s rich cultural heritage, but also exemplify the architectural brilliance of bygone eras.
In the picturesque village of Thee Ain nestled in Al-Makhwah, a tale unfolds through its bustling construction, as recounted by Yahya Al-Aref, a native of the village. With a history spanning more than 400 years, Thee Ain contains about 58 ancient stone houses, some intricately carved into the rugged mountainside. Earnestly dubbed the “Marble Village” for its distinctive architecture, these multi-story residences stand as silent witnesses to centuries gone by.
Surrounded by lush palm groves, banana plantations, fragrant basil and citrus trees, Thee Ain emanates an aura of authenticity, weaving together rich heritage, ancient origins and breathtaking aesthetics.
The heritage village of Al-Atawlah holds its own narrative. It is home to the Rubuh Quraish Market and the fortress of the Al-Othman sheikhs, along with the region’s first formal school.
Adjacent, the historic mosque, a centerpiece of the village, is undergoing a revival under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s initiative aimed at revitalizing historical mosques.
Venturing further, neighboring villages like Al-Khalaf and Al-Khalif unveil their own treasures, and are renowned for ancient Islamic inscriptions etched into basalt stones, including verses from the Qur’an and timeless supplications. Similarly, the cultural tapestry of Al-Mousa and Matair Al-Aish reverberates with echoes of history, each boasting a significant heritage waiting to be discovered.
Amid the heritage villages, a tapestry of historical richness unfolds in the region, showcasing not only quaint settlements, but also a treasure trove of historical sites. One such gem is the palace of Bin Raqoush nestled in Bani Saar, to the north of Baha. Erected in the year 1249 AH, the palace comprises five grand houses, some soaring to three floors, each intricately crafted in a distinctive architectural style.
A symphony of heritage unfolds within, featuring a tribal council chamber, an adjoining mosque, servant quarters, a wellspring of water and an intimate inner courtyard. Two additional houses encircle this palace, collectively forming a harmonious residential complex.
Further enhancing the historical mosaic is the Bakhrush Fortress, positioned in the northwest of the Qura governorate. This ancient citadel, with its soaring walls and twin towers, stands as a sentinel to the region’s storied past.
Meanwhile, the Al-Akhawayn Fortress surveys Al-Malad village with steadfast pride, perched atop a lofty hill and flanked by venerable heritage houses. Adding to this historical tapestry is Al-Ayed Heritage Guesthouse in Bani Kabir village, a haven of heritage museums that narrate the rich history and cultural legacy of the region.
These living artifacts, be they villages or historical sites, find themselves under the watchful eye of relevant authorities, with the commission spearheading efforts to breathe new life into these historical marvels.
Initiating a phased restoration of Thee Ain heritage village, the commission aims to secure its nomination for UNESCO’s prestigious World Heritage list. Simultaneously, significant attention has been directed toward revitalizing the Bin Raqoush Palace and turning it into a vibrant tourist destination.
Central to these endeavors is collaborative engagement with local communities, ensuring that restoration activities align with their needs and aspirations. This inclusive approach serves a dual purpose: Strengthening Saudi cultural identity while fostering a deeper sense of national cultural awareness and safeguarding heritage and social values.
Ali bin Mohammed Al-Suwat, mayor of the Baha region, underscores the region’s commitment to enhancing its heritage sites. This encompasses infrastructural improvements, aesthetic enhancements and the development of access routes. Municipal efforts are concentrated on the rehabilitation and paving of roads leading to these cultural treasures, accompanied by the installation of lighting infrastructure.
These initiatives not only accentuate the charm of heritage villages, but also cater to the region’s tourism and heritage development objectives.
Recent projects have seen pathways in heritage villages adorned with natural stone, covering extensive areas of more than 4,000 square meters. Furthermore, the installation and upkeep of more than 235 lighting poles along the pathways have illuminated the historical sites. Notably, with more than 900 square meters of electrical cables laid, 250 decorative external lighting fixtures have been strategically placed in prominent heritage sites such as the As-Sawad, Al-Hillah and Al-Abadil villages.
Revival of historic sites captures Baha’s timeless charm
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Revival of historic sites captures Baha’s timeless charm

- Serving as vital components of national identity, the sites showcase a mosaic of cultural and social diversity while contributing significantly to the economy
- The villages and historical landmarks stand as awe-inspiring testaments to ancient architectural prowess
Saudi king, crown prince condole with Thai king over quake victims

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia's King Salman and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman on Saturday offered condolences to the king of Thailand over the victims of the earthquake that struck Bangkok a day earlier, the Saudi Press Agency reported.
The king and the crown prince also expressed their "deepest condolences and sincere sympathy" to the families of those who lost their lives in the earthquake and extended their wishes for the "safe return of the missing and speedy recovery for the injured."
Thailand and neighboring Myanmar were hit by a 7.7 magnitude quake at midday Friday, killing at least 10 in Bangkok and over 130 in Myanmar.
The full extent of death, injury and destruction was not immediately clear, with officials warning that the toll could go much higher.
In Mandalay, Myanmar's second-largest city which was the epicenter of the quake, there were reports on social media and local news sites that multiple buildings were destroyed, including one of the city’s largest monasteries.
How Saudi Arabia’s Circular Carbon Economy Framework is setting a global benchmark for emissions reduction

- The Kingdom aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2060 through its G20-backed strategy
- NEOM is a living lab for CCE, integrating zero-carbon infrastructure and smart energy systems
RIYADH: Introduced during Saudi Arabia’s G20 presidency, the Circular Carbon Economy Framework has gained significant traction, advancing emissions cuts, renewable energy investments, and carbon capture efforts.
In 2020, G20 leaders endorsed the framework to promote a sustainable, cost-effective approach to addressing climate change while ensuring clean energy access.
Building on this, the Kingdom launched its Circular Carbon Economy National Program in 2021 to reduce and offset carbon dioxide emissions through strategies of reduction, recycling, reuse, and removal.
“With the creation of the Circular Carbon Economy National Program, Saudi Arabia has made several critical decisions that directly contribute to sustainability and climate change mitigation,” Jorge Gascon, a chemical engineering professor at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, told Arab News.
These decisions include “policy integration, renewable energy investment, and carbon capture initiatives.”
The program also recognizes the importance of natural carbon absorption and sets an ambitious goal to sustainably manage, restore, and preserve 1 billion hectares of degraded land by 2040 using all available mitigation strategies.

“Saudi Arabia has embedded the CCE framework into its national policies, notably through the Saudi Green Initiative,” said Gascon.
“The SGI aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2060 through implementing CCE principles and accelerating the transition to a green economy through emissions reduction, afforestation, and protection of land and sea.”
He noted that Saudi Arabia is shifting its energy mix toward sustainability, with a goal of 50 percent renewable energy.
DID YOU KNOW?
• Saudi Arabia has launched more than 30 Circular Carbon Economy initiatives across its energy system.
• In 2021, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman announced plans to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2060.
• The circular economy reduces fossil fuel reliance, cuts greenhouse gas emissions, and boosts energy security.
On carbon capture, Gascon said: “The Kingdom is engaged in international advocacy, notably during its G20 presidency and beyond, as well as various collaborative efforts and knowledge-sharing initiatives through institutions such as KAPSARC and KAUST.”
KAUST is a partner in the development of the CCE Strategy, along with Aramco, the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, AEON Strategy, and numerous other organizations.
The CCE’s development aligns with earlier efforts to promote sustainability. At the Future Investment Initiative forum in 2019, Saudi Energy Minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman discussed the CCE.
The following year, at the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Riyadh, King Salman introduced the National Program for the Circular Carbon Economy during the “Safeguarding the Planet” event, urging global cooperation to address climate change “by developing the economy and increasing human prosperity.”

Before the national program, Saudi Arabia had many initiatives focusing on carbon capture and conversion into valuable raw materials.
“Numerous areas of research at KAUST intersect with CCE, including catalysis, clean combustion, advanced membranes, and porous materials,” Gascon said. “KAUST supported a parallel Circular Carbon Initiative to capture the contributing science and technology.”
He added: “CCE builds on the principles of the circular economy while recognizing that removal must play a key role in achieving this circularity.
“In this way, a 4R (reduce, reuse, recycle, remove) approach is proposed to manage carbon emissions effectively, resulting in a closed loop that minimizes waste and CO2 emissions.”

Gascon highlighted that “the paradigm shift of the CCE occurs when we recognize carbon as a friend rather than an enemy.”
Through the Circular Carbon Economy Framework and various energy initiatives, Saudi Arabia is strategically establishing itself as a global leader in CCE.
This position is backed by the Kingdom’s abundant natural resources, significant technological investments and a strong commitment to sustainable development.
Majed Al-Qatari, a sustainability leader, ecological engineer, and UN youth ambassador, said that since the G20 launch of the CCE framework, “Saudi Arabia has introduced relevant and impactful initiatives such as the Saudi Green Initiative and the National Renewable Energy Program.”
He told Arab News that “these bold efforts demonstrate tangible progress in reducing emissions, investing in renewable energy and deploying carbon capture technologies.”
Al-Qatari cited NEOM, one of the Kingdom’s flagship projects, as a “real-world testing ground for these efforts, embedding zero-carbon infrastructure, smart energy systems, and net-zero mobility.”

He added: “In 2025 and beyond, I expect further scaling of blue and green hydrogen projects, along with enhanced regional cooperation in carbon management.”
Al-Qatari also highlighted the four pillars of the CCE framework: reduce, reuse, recycle, and remove.
“The Kingdom applies this through initiatives like energy efficiency standards (reduce), CO2 utilization in industrial processes (reuse), circular water reuse in agriculture (recycle), and large-scale carbon capture and storage projects such as those by Aramco/SABIC (remove),” he said.
Asked what he believes was the motivating factor for Saudi Arabia’s adoption of the Circular Carbon Economy Framework during the G20, Al-Qatari said: “Saudi Arabia sought to play a leading role in advancing a global dialogue that aligns climate goals with economic mandates.
“The CCE framework was introduced in order to showcase an inclusive, technologically neutral mechanism that takes into account relevant pathways to mitigate carbon emissions without compromising energy security or economic development.”
Al-Qatari noted that the framework has become a global reference model, particularly for hydrocarbon-reliant economies.
“The framework offers a transition pathway that is practical and inclusive of conventional sources of energy like oil and gas while advancing climate goals,” he said. “Other jurisdictions are considering the Kingdom’s model in order to customize it for their local contexts.”

Looking to the future, Al-Qatari highlighted Saudi Arabia’s target of net-zero emissions by 2060. “Such targets will be fostered by innovation, renewables, hydrogen, carbon management, and circular practices,” he said.
“Future goals would involve expanding circularity practices into other sectors and materials such as water, and waste sectors, while also crystallizing local environmental, social, and governance markets and strengthening regulatory frameworks for corporate sustainability and sustainable finance.”
When asked about the role of innovation and technology in advancing CCE, Gascon stressed KAUST’s importance in research and development.
“KAUST is pioneering breakthroughs in CO2 capture, including direct air capture, cryogenic CO2 capture, and other point-source technologies, as well as nature-based carbon sequestration strategies and geological storage solutions,” he said.

“It also drives advancements in synthetic fuels, such as clean ammonia and hydrogen carriers, alongside the integration of renewable energy and the optimization of industrial processes.
“KAUST collaborates with industry leaders, including Saudi Aramco and NEOM, to accelerate the deployment of carbon capture and sustainable fuel technologies.”
Gascon emphasized that KAUST’s research and public-private partnerships align with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 sustainability goals.
“Implementing national policies, such as Vision 2030, ensures strategic alignment with circular economy principles, focusing on reducing pollution and improving resource utilization,” he said.
Golden Pen Diwaniyah highlights Saudi popular theatre successes

- Participants praised the Golden Pen Diwaniyah’s impactful role in bringing together creative generations from all cultural backgrounds in daily meetings
RIYADH: This week’s Golden Pen Diwaniyah meeting on Thursday, titled “The Successes of Popular Theatre,” focused on the key milestones and evolution of Saudi popular theatre.
Those attending discussed the efforts made to support theatre and praised the role played by the General Entertainment Authority during Riyadh Season and on similar occasions. They agreed this support would contribute to building a new generation of competent theatre actors.
Participants highlighted the success of popular theater during Riyadh Season, which has an effective marketing strategy and attracts renowned artists from Saudi Arabia and beyond, resulting in a unique experience for visitors.
They also praised the Golden Pen Diwaniyah’s impactful role in bringing together creative generations from all cultural backgrounds in daily meetings.
Those present felt the Diwaniyah had won the hearts of authors and intellectuals in a short time by providing an opportunity for professional dialogue and helping to forge relationships between artists, authors, producers, publishers and media personalities.
The event concluded with a call for more family attendance at the theater. Participants agreed this was important as it helped spread theater culture and encouraged performances that positively reflected national and social values.
Chair of Sudan’s transitional council hold talks with Saudi Crown Prince in Makkah

- Gen. Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan, who is also head of the Sudanese army, visits Saudi Arabia a day after his forces say they have driven rival militia fighters out of Khartoum
- Crown Prince and the general review efforts to achieve “security and stability” in Sudan, which has been locked in civil war for 2 years
JEDDAH: Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman held talks with the chair of Sudan’s ruling transitional council on Friday, a day after the Sudanese Armed Forces declared they had regained full control of the war-torn country’s capital, Khartoum.
Gen. Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan, who is also the head of the SAF, met the crown prince at Al-Safa Palace in Makkah. They “reviewed the latest developments in the situation in Sudan” and the efforts made “toward achieving security and stability,” the Saudi Press Agency reported. They also discussed opportunities for cooperation between their countries and agreed to establish a coordination council to strengthen ties.
Al-Burhan visited the recaptured presidential palace in Khartoum on Wednesday after his forces recaptured it from rival paramilitary group the Rapid Support Forces, and said the capital was now free of the militia’s fighters. His army confirmed on Thursday that it had cleared Khartoum of the last remaining RSF pockets.
Sudan descended into a civil war between the army and the RSF in April 2023. The RSF initially seized control of the capital and other parts of the country but the SAF regrouped and launched an offensive last year to regain Khartoum.
Saudi Arabia previously brokered several rounds of peace talks in an attempt to end the fighting in Sudan, during which tens of thousands of people have been killed and more than 12 million displaced.
Capitalizing on business opportunities during Ramadan

- Traditional clothing, food, outfits see increased sales
- Customer turnout increases in final 10 days of holy month
RIYADH: The Ramadan season presents a particular opportunity for businesses to thrive, as many consumers turn to products that enhance their experience during the holy month.
Items such as lanterns, dates and traditional fabrics see a significant uptick in sales, reflecting cultural practices and traditions.
Recently, Arab News visited the Al-Magliah market in Riyadh to explore what sells best during Ramadan. The findings highlighted the diverse range of products that cater to the needs of the community during this time.
One of the standout shops was dedicated to undergarments typically worn beneath thobes, along with traditional Saudi outfits such as the bisht and meshlah.
Hamza Sulaiman, a sales representative at the Al-Jaja store, said: “All year round we have bisht sales, but what really rises in Ramadan is the undergarments for thobes.
“Sales of the bisht peak in the last ten days of Ramadan as men prepare for Eid festivities. The yellow bisht is particularly popular, symbolizing celebration, while the white bisht is worn for Eid prayers along with accessories like the agal (the black headband).”
At Fakhamat Al-Irtiqaa, a shop specializing in thobe fabrics, sales representative Ali Saeed noted a remarkable increase in demand.
“During Ramadan, we see over a 90 percent boost in sales compared to other months. Customers prefer Japanese fabric because it is thick and resists wrinkling.
“A bolt of this fabric typically costs between SR550 to SR900 (about $146 to $240). Ramadan is our peak season, attracting both young and older men who are looking to tailor their outfits for Eid.”
Inside a local center, Fahad Jalabiyat showcased traditional Arabian dresses. Sales representative Saffiyah Eissa highlighted the growing popularity of jalabiyat during Ramadan.
“There’s a significant 70 percent increase in demand for jalabiyat as women seek comfortable yet modest attire.
“Our most expensive piece is priced at SR300 (about $80). The makahweer style, originally Emirati, is also trending here in Saudi Arabia, known for its vibrant colors and feminine cuts. As we approach the last ten days of Ramadan, customer turnout increases significantly, boosting our sales.”
The Ramadan season is a lucrative period for businesses in Al-Magliah, driven by cultural traditions and consumer preferences.
From traditional clothing to modern interpretations, the market adapts to meet the demands of its community, ensuring a truly festive atmosphere as families prepare for Eid celebrations.