Migrants face ‘unimaginable horrors crossing Africa’

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Vincent Cochetel, UNHCR special envoy for the Western and Central Mediterranean Situation, addresses a press conference in Geneva, Switzerland. (AP)
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Updated 05 July 2024
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Migrants face ‘unimaginable horrors crossing Africa’

  • Migrants face expulsion, organ trafficking risks, climate change, conflict, and racism
  • “Every one that has crossed to Sahara can tell you of people they know who died in the desert,” UNHCR special envoy says

GENEVA: Refugees and migrants face extreme violence, abuse, and exploitation on land routes crossing Africa to get to the Mediterranean, with far more believed to be dying there than at sea, a UN-backed report said.

Nearly 30,000 migrants have been declared dead or missing, attempting to cross the Mediterranean to Europe in the past decade.
However, it could be even worse for those traveling through Africa to the coast, according to a report from UN agencies for refugees and migrants and the monitoring group Mixed Migration Center.
Based on more than 31,000 interviews with refugees and migrants, the report found that 1,180 people were known to have died while crossing the Sahara Desert between January 2020 and May 2024.
Five deaths a day are being recorded on the desert routes — taking the total to at least 870 so far this year — Laurence Hart of the UN’s International Organization for Migration told reporters in Geneva. But these numbers are believed to be a vast underestimate.

BACKGROUND

Nearly 30,000 migrants have been declared dead or missing, attempting to cross the Mediterranean to Europe in the past decade.

While data is lacking, the bodies behind the report say there are thousands of deaths each year.
“Deaths of refugees and migrants in the desert (are) presumed to be double those happening at sea,” they said in a statement.
“For everyone crossing the Sahara, you get the testimony of bodies being seen, being dropped,” said Vincent Cochetel, UNHCR’s special envoy for the central and western Mediterranean.
“Everyone that has crossed the Sahara can tell you of people they know who died in the desert,” he told reporters.
Those on the move face torture, kidnapping for ransom, people trafficking, sexual violence, robbery, arbitrary detention, and collective expulsions, the report said.
Migrants crossing the desert often find themselves abandoned there by people smugglers, while those who get sick are sometimes tossed off pickup trucks.
With no adequate aid structures or proper search and rescue systems along the way, they are pretty much destined to die.
Despite the “unimaginable horrors people face in some countries along the route,” the report highlighted an increase in the number of people attempting the perilous land crossings.
This was in part due to deteriorating situations in their homelands, the report said, pointing to the eruption of conflicts across the Sahel region and in Sudan and new and long-running violence in the Horn of Africa and the east of the continent.
There was also the devastating impact of climate change and disasters, as well as xenophobia and racism spurring refugees and migrants to leave.
While no clear statistics exist for overall migration flows through Africa, UNHCR data shows a tripling of arrivals in Tunisia between 2020 and 2023.
The organizations stressed the urgent need for protection along the routes.
“This is not to facilitate the movement of people,” Cochetel insisted.
“It is to find protection solutions to address the abuse and the violations they suffer.”
He said most people on the move globally were not going to Europe.
The pollsters conducting the survey used for Friday’s report found nearly four out of 10 migrants had run the risk of physical violence during their journey.
Eighteen percent spoke of the danger of kidnappings, while 15 percent said there was a clear risk of sexual violence, and 14 percent said they risked death.
Cochetel also estimated that “hundreds” of people had fallen victim to organ traffickers in some countries.
People sometimes sell an organ out of desperation.
“But most of the time, people are drugged, and the organ is removed without their consent,” he said.
“They wake up and one kidney is missing.”

 

 

 


Cyprus court frees five Israelis accused of Briton’s gang rape

Updated 5 sec ago
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Cyprus court frees five Israelis accused of Briton’s gang rape

  • In 2019, Cyprus police arrested 12 Israelis after a British teenager reported being gang-raped. The complainant ended up being convicted, but the Supreme Court in 2022 overturned it

NICOSIA: A Cyprus court on Monday dismissed as unreliable the evidence against five Israeli tourists accused of gang-raping a British woman in the holiday resort of Ayia Napa and ordered them freed.
The five, then aged 19 to 20, were from the Arab-Israeli town of Majd Al-Krum. They had pleaded not guilty to several rape-related charges dating back to September 2023.
A similar case six years ago in Ayia Napa, the Mediterranean island’s premier party spot, caused an uproar after the alleged victim was herself convicted of causing public mischief.
The five men in the more recent case were accused of rape, sexual assault by penetration, sexual intercourse through violence, rape by compelling sexual penetration, indecent assault against a woman, sexual harassment, and abduction.
The Famagusta Criminal Court acquitted them on all counts, ruling that the complainant’s version of events “contained multiple significant contradictions.”
A court announcement said the woman’s testimony had “inherent weaknesses” regarding the identification and attribution of actions to specific individuals.
According to the court, her account was an “unsafe basis for drawing conclusions on disputed issues, such as the question of consent regarding what happened inside the disputed room.”
“Given these substantial credibility issues in her testimony, as stated in the court’s decision, the complainant was deemed unreliable,” it added.
The then 20-year-old woman told police she was forcibly taken from a swimming pool party to a hotel room where the rape occurred.

Judges ruled that claim “unconvincing,” while she also changed her statement about how many people were in the room and attributed the same sexual act to different people.
Her claim that she shouted for help was contradicted by witnesses in an adjacent room who did not hear any shouting, the court statement said.
Additionally, it was taken into account that the complainant was under the influence of a significant amount of alcohol and drugs, although “this was not to such an extent that it rendered her incapable of giving consent,” the court said.
The court concluded that injuries on her body “could not be determined to have occurred during the incident and could also appear during consensual intercourse.”
Justice Abroad, a group which said it is “supporting” the complainant, said in a statement that she is “completely distraught” by the acquittal. Her family is raising funds to challenge the verdict, it said.
In the earlier case, Cyprus police arrested 12 Israelis in 2019 after a British teenager reported being gang-raped.
The Israelis were released after she retracted her statement, although she claimed the police had pressured her into doing so.
The 19-year-old received a four-month suspended jail term, but the Supreme Court in 2022 quashed her conviction.
On Thursday the European Court of Human Rights condemned Cyprus for “various failures” and “prejudicial gender stereotypes” in its handling of that case.
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Trump threatens $9 bn in Harvard funding over ‘anti-Semitism’

Updated 36 min 22 sec ago
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Trump threatens $9 bn in Harvard funding over ‘anti-Semitism’

  • Critics argue that the Trump administration’s campaign is retributive and will have a chilling effect on free speech, while its supporters insist it is necessary to restore order to campuses and to protect Jewish students

NEW YORK: The US government will review $9 billion of funding for Harvard University over alleged anti-Semitism on campus, authorities said Monday, after it cut millions from Columbia University, which has also seen fierce pro-Palestinian student protests.
President Donald Trump has aggressively targeted prestigious universities that saw bitter protests sparked by Israel’s war against Hamas in Gaza, stripping their federal funds and directing immigration officers to deport foreign student demonstrators, including those with green cards.
Officials would look at $255.6 million in contracts between Harvard and the government, as well as $8.7 billion in multi-year grant commitments to the prestigious Ivy League institution, the General Services Administration said in a statement.
Critics argue that the Trump administration’s campaign is retributive and will have a chilling effect on free speech, while its supporters insist it is necessary to restore order to campuses and to protect Jewish students.
Education Secretary Linda McMahon said “Harvard’s failure to protect students on campus from anti-Semitic discrimination — all while promoting divisive ideologies over free inquiry — has put its reputation in serious jeopardy.”
“Harvard can right these wrongs and restore itself to a campus dedicated to academic excellence and truth-seeking, where all students feel safe on its campus,” she added.
Trump has also targeted New York’s Columbia University, initially putting $400 million of funding under review, detaining for deportation a graduate student linked to the protests, and seeking to arrest others.
Columbia then announced a package of concessions to the government around defining anti-Semitism, policing protests and oversight for specific academic departments.
They stopped short, however, of meeting some of the more strident demands of the Trump administration, which nonetheless welcomed the Ivy League college’s proposals.
“Today’s actions by the Task Force follow a similar ongoing review of Columbia University,” said Monday’s official statement.
“That review led to Columbia agreeing to comply with nine preconditions for further negotiations regarding a return of canceled federal funds.”
Harvard did not immediately respond to a request for comment.


US imposes visa restrictions on Chinese officials over access to Tibetan areas

Updated 01 April 2025
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US imposes visa restrictions on Chinese officials over access to Tibetan areas

  • State Department also pointed to some of the officials’ roles in efforts to “intimidate, silence and harass 19 pro-democracy activists” who fled overseas
  • Hong Kong’s police chief and five other officials likewise sanctioned over human rights concerns after China clamped down in the financial hub

WASHINGTON: US Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on Monday the United States was taking steps to impose additional visa restrictions on Chinese officials involved in policies related to access for foreigners to Tibetan areas.
“For far too long, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has refused to afford US diplomats, journalists, and other international observers access to the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) and other Tibetan areas of China, while China’s diplomats and journalists enjoy broad access in the United States,” Rubio said in a statement.
The statement did not name any Chinese officials.

The State Department also pointed to some of the officials’ roles in efforts to “intimidate, silence and harass 19 pro-democracy activists” who fled overseas, including one US citizen and four US residents.
Rubio has been outspoken on China’s human rights record dating back to his time as a senator.
Rubio earlier also imposed sanctions on officials in Thailand over their deportations back to China of members of the Uyghur minority.

Hong Kong clampdown

In a separate action, the US State Department on Monday imposed sanctions on Hong Kong’s police chief and five other officials over human rights concerns after China clamped down in the financial hub.
The sanctions on Police Commissioner Raymond Siu Chak-yee and the others will block any interests they hold in the US and generally criminalize financial transactions with them under US law.
The sanctions mark a rare action invoking human rights by the administration of President Donald Trump, who has described China as an adversary but has shown no reluctance to ally with autocrats.
The sanctions “demonstrate the Trump administration’s commitment to hold to account those responsible for depriving people in Hong Kong of protected rights and freedoms or who commit acts of transnational repression on US soil or against US persons,” Rubio said in a statement.
Other officials targeted in the latest sanctions include Paul Lam, the city’s secretary of justice.
Hong Kong’s top official, Chief Executive John Lee, is already under US sanctions.
The officials were targeted in line with a US law that champions Hong Kong democracy.
Beijing promised a separate system to Hong Kong when Britain handed over the financial hub in 1997.
China then cracked down hard against dissent, imposing a draconian national security law, after massive and at times destructive protests in favor of democracy swept the city in 2019.
 


Earthquake compounds humanitarian crisis in Myanmar

Rescue workers carry a body of a victim, in the aftermath of a strong earthquake, in Mandalay, Myanmar, March 31, 2025. (REUTERS
Updated 31 March 2025
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Earthquake compounds humanitarian crisis in Myanmar

  • Friday’s 7.7-magnitude quake was followed by repeated aftershocks that rattled Mandalay over the weekend, and patients were being kept outside in case more tremors cause damage inside

MANDALAY: A massive earthquake that rocked Myanmar could exacerbate hunger and disease outbreaks in a country already wracked by food shortages, mass displacement and civil war, aid groups and the United Nations warned Monday. The official death toll climbed past 1,700, but the true figure is feared to be much higher.
Meanwhile, hundreds of patients, including babies, the elderly and Buddhist monks, lay on gurneys in a hospital car park in the sweltering heat of Mandalay, a city still living in fear of aftershocks.
Mandalay General Hospital — the city’s main medical facility — has around 1,000 beds but despite high heat and humidity, most patients were being treated outside in the wake of the massive earthquake that killed more than 2,000 people in Myanmar and neighboring Thailand.
Friday’s 7.7-magnitude quake was followed by repeated aftershocks that rattled Mandalay over the weekend, and patients were being kept outside in case more tremors cause damage inside.
“This is a very, very imperfect condition for everyone,” one medic said. “We’re trying to do what we can here,” he added. “We are trying our best.”
As temperatures soared to 39 degrees Celsius, patients sheltered under a thin tarpaulin rigged up to protect them from the fierce tropical sun.
Relatives took the hands of their loved ones, trying to comfort them, or wafted them with bamboo fans.
Small children with scrapes cried amid the miserable conditions, while an injured monk lay on a gurney, hooked up to a drip.
It is not only the patients that are suffering. Medics sat cross-legged on the ground, trying to recuperate during breaks in their exhausting shifts.
Although the hospital building itself has not been visibly affected, only a handful of patients who need intensive care, and the doctors who look after them, remain inside.
The rest crammed themselves under the tarpaulin, or a shelter close by with a corrugated iron roof surrounded by motorbikes.
Fear of aftershocks is widespread across the city, with many people sleeping out in the streets since the quake, either unable to return home or too nervous to do so.

Some have tents but many, including young children, have simply bedded down on blankets in the middle of the roads, trying to keep as far from buildings as possible for fear of falling masonry.

 


Burkina Faso leader pardons 21 soldiers for 2015 failed coup

Burkina Faso's junta leader Captain Ibrahim Traore during a an event. (AFP)
Updated 31 March 2025
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Burkina Faso leader pardons 21 soldiers for 2015 failed coup

  • The Justice Ministry in December said that some 1,200 people convicted in connection with the coup attempt would be pardoned from Jan. 1

ABIDJAN: The head of the junta in Burkina Faso has pardoned 21 soldiers convicted of involvement in a failed coup in 2015, according to an official decree seen by AFP on Monday.
The country has been run since September 2022 by military leaders following a coup headed by Capt. Ibrahim Traore.
Traore announced an “amnesty pardon” in December last year for several people convicted over the 2015 attempt to overthrow the transitional government in place after the fall of former President Blaise Compaore.
“The following persons, who have been convicted or prosecuted before the courts for acts committed on Sept. 15 and 16, 2015, are granted amnesty,” stated the decree, issued last week, listing the 21 soldiers. Six officers, including two former unit commanders of the former presidential guard, are on the list alongside 15 non-commissioned officers and rank-and-file soldiers.

FASTFACT

The 21 soldiers will rejoin the army, which has been fighting extremist groups linked to Al-Qaeda and Daesh for more than 10 years.

They were convicted at a military tribunal in Ouagadougou in 2019 for “harming state security,” murder, or treason.
Two generals considered the masterminds of the failed coup, Compaore’s former chief of staff Gilbert Diendere and head of diplomacy Djibril Bassole, were sentenced to 20 and 10 years in prison, respectively.
They were not part of the amnesty. Those convicted have until June to request a pardon.
To do so, they must “demonstrate a patriotic commitment to the reconquest of the territory” and “express their willingness to participate in the fight against terrorism actively.”
The 21 soldiers pardoned will rejoin the army, which has been fighting extremist groups linked to Al-Qaeda and Daesh for more than 10 years.
However, the decree stipulates that they will not be eligible for compensation or career progression.
Diendere and Bassole tried to oust the transitional government put in place after Compaore was forced out of office in October 2014 by a popular uprising, after 27 years in power.
Loyalist forces put down the attempted coup within two weeks. A total of 14 people died, and 270 were wounded.
The Justice Ministry in December said that some 1,200 people convicted in connection with the coup attempt would be pardoned from Jan. 1.