CAIRO: The threat of polio is rising fast in the Gaza Strip, prompting aid groups to call for an urgent pause in the war so they can ramp up vaccinations and head off a full-blown outbreak.
One case has been confirmed, others are suspected and the virus was detected in wastewater in six different locations in July.
Polio was eradicated in Gaza 25 years ago, but vaccinations plunged after the war began 10 months ago and the territory has become a breeding ground for the virus, aid groups say. Hundreds of thousands of displaced Palestinians are crowded into tent camps lacking clean water or proper disposal of sewage and garbage.
To avert a widespread outbreak, aid groups are preparing to vaccinate more than 600,000 children in the coming weeks. They say the ambitious vaccination plans are impossible, though, without a pause in the fighting between Israel and Hamas.
A possible ceasefire deal couldn’t come soon enough.
“We are anticipating and preparing for the worst-case scenario of a polio outbreak in the coming weeks or month,” Francis Hughes, the Gaza response director at CARE International, told The Associated Press.
The World Health Organization and UNICEF, the United Nations children’s agency, said in a joint statement Friday that, at a minimum, a seven-day pause is needed to carry out a mass vaccination plan.
The UN aims to bring 1.6 million doses of polio vaccine into Gaza, where sanitation and water systems have been destroyed, leaving open pits of human waste in crowded tent camps. Families living in the camps have little clean water or even soap to maintain hygiene and sometimes use wastewater to drink or clean clothes and dishes.
At least 225 informal waste disposal sites and landfills have cropped up around Gaza — many close to where families are sheltering, according to a report released in July by PAX, a Netherlands-based nonprofit that used satellite imagery to track the sites.
Polio, which is highly contagious and transmits mainly through contact with contaminated feces, water or food, can cause difficulty breathing and irreversible paralysis, usually in the legs. It strikes young children in particular and is sometimes fatal.
The aid group Mercy Corps estimates some 50,000 babies born since the war began have not been immunized against polio.
WHO and UNICEF said Friday that three children are suspected of being infected and that their stool samples were being tested by a laboratory in Jordan. The Ministry of Health in Ramallah in the West Bank said late Friday that tests conducted in Jordan confirmed one case in a 10-month-old child in Gaza.
“This is very concerning,” UNICEF spokesperson Ammar Ammar said Saturday. “It is impossible to carry out the vaccination in an active war zone and the alternative would be unconscionable for the children in Gaza and the whole region.”
Aid workers anticipate the number of suspected cases will rise, and worry that the disease could be hard to contain without urgent intervention.
“We are not optimistic because we know that doctors could also be missing the warning signs,” said Hughes of CARE International.
Health workers in Gaza are gearing up for a mass vaccination campaign to begin at the end of August and continue into September. The goal is to immunize 640,000 children under the age of 10 over two rounds of vaccinations, according to WHO.
The Israeli military body responsible for Palestinian civilian affairs, which goes by the acronym COGAT, said it is “preparing to support a comprehensive vaccination campaign.” The military said a vaccination campaign has begun for all ground troops and that it was working with various organizations to bring more vaccines into Gaza.
Hamas said in a statement Friday that it would support a seven-day truce to facilitate the vaccinations. Ceasefire talks resume in Cairo next week.
The alarm over polio was first raised when the WHO announced in July that sewage samples collected from six locations in Khan Younis and Deir Al-Balah, in the south and center of Gaza, tested positive for a variant of the virus used in vaccines. The weakened form of the virus used in vaccines can mutate into a stronger version and cause an outbreak in areas that lack proper immunization, according to WHO.
The only countries where polio is endemic are Afghanistan and Pakistan. But outbreaks of the vaccine-derived virus have occurred in war-torn Ukraine and Yemen, where conditions aren’t nearly as bad as they are in Gaza.
Part of the challenge in Gaza, where polio hasn’t been seen in a quarter-century, is to raise awareness so that health workers recognize symptoms, the UN says. The territory’s health care system has been devastated by the war, and workers are overwhelmed treating the wounded and patients sick with diarrhea and other ailments.
Before the war, 99 percent of Gaza’s population was vaccinated against polio. That figure is now 86 percent, according to WHO. The goal is to get polio immunization levels in Gaza back above 95 percent.
While more than 440,000 doses of polio vaccine were brought into Gaza in December, that supply has diminished to just over 86,000, according to Hamid Jafari, director of polio eradication for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region.
The 1.6 million oral doses being brought into Gaza will be a more advanced version of the vaccine that is less prone to mutating into an outbreak, the WHO said.
Getting the vaccine into Gaza is just the first step.
UN workers face difficulties retrieving medical supplies and other aid because of Israel’s military assaults, fighting between troops and Hamas, and increasing lawlessness that has led to the looting of convoys.
Also, vaccines must be kept refrigerated, which has become difficult in Gaza, where electricity is scarce. About 15-20 refrigerated trucks serve all of Gaza, and they also must be used to transport food and other medical supplies, said a senior Israeli army official with COGAT who was not authorized to talk with media and spoke on condition of anonymity.
Palestinians also face difficulties getting around. Their inability to reach health facilities will be an additional obstacle to the vaccination campaign, said Sameer Sah of Medical Aid for Palestinians.
“There’s no transport system. The roads have been destroyed and you have quadcopters shooting at people,” said Sah, referring to Israeli drones that often carry out strikes. Israel says its strikes target Hamas militants.
WHO said a pause in the fighting is vital to enabling “children and families to safely reach health facilities and community outreach workers to get to children who cannot access health facilities.”
Only about a third of Gaza’s 36 hospitals and 40 percent of its primary health care facilities are functioning, according to the UN But the WHO and UNICEF say their vaccination campaign will be carried out in every municipality in Gaza, with help from 2,700 workers.
Aid groups in Gaza aim to avert a polio outbreak with a surge of vaccinations
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Aid groups in Gaza aim to avert a polio outbreak with a surge of vaccinations
- “We are anticipating and preparing for the worst-case scenario of a polio outbreak,” said Francis Hughes, CARE International’s response director in Gaza
- Health workers in Gaza are gearing up for a mass vaccination campaign to begin at the end of August and continue into September
How an EU-led operation to salvage a burning Red Sea oil tanker hopes to prevent a major environmental disaster
- Operation Aspides launched a critical salvage mission to prevent an oil spill that threatens to devastate the marine ecosystem
- The Greek-flagged oil tanker, MV Sounion, was attacked by Houthi militants, raising fears of a major ecological and economic disaster
DUBAI: An EU-led operation to salvage a stricken oil tanker, which has been burning in the Red Sea for almost a month after coming under attack by Yemen’s Iran-backed Houthi militia, reached an important milestone on Monday, potentially staving off one of the worst ecological disasters in history.
The Greek-flagged oil tanker MV Sounion was attacked by Houthi militants on Aug. 21 off the coast of Hodeidah. Carrying 150,000 tonnes of crude oil, the tanker was left severely damaged and at risk of spilling its cargo into one of the world’s most fragile marine ecosystems.
On Sept. 14, the salvage mission, led by the EU’s Operation Aspides, finally got underway after repeated delays. On Monday, it issued a statement via the social media platform X announcing the ship had been moved.
The Sounion “has been successfully towed to a safe area without any oil spill,” the EU mission said. “While private stakeholders complete the salvage operation, Aspides will continue to monitor the situation.”
Until the vessel has been safely docked and unloaded, however, the environmental and commercial threat posed by a major spill remains.
The initial attack on the Sounion involved missiles launched by Houthi militants, which struck the vessel as it navigated through one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. Soon after, the militants returned and detonated explosive charges, setting parts of the ship ablaze.
The attack is part of a broader Houthi campaign to disrupt global shipping as a show of solidarity with Palestinians amid the ongoing war in Gaza. The Houthis have targeted more than 80 vessels in the Red Sea since October 2023, killing at least four sailors.
In response to the attacks, the US and UK have mounted strikes against Houthi targets in Yemen. However, these strikes have failed to deter the militia’s attacks on shipping.
The Sounion attack presents a multifaceted crisis. The immediate concern is the possibility of a catastrophic oil spill, potentially four times worse than the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster in Alaska, which spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil and devastated the local ecosystem.
The Red Sea’s marine life, including its renowned coral reefs, is especially vulnerable, and a spill could have lasting consequences, affecting species and habitats for many decades to come.
Julien Jreissati, Greenpeace’s Middle East and North Africa program director, warned that the Red Sea’s unique coral species, some of the most resilient to climate change, are under threat.
Should a spill occur, its “magnitude could be nearly impossible to contain, spreading contamination across vast areas of seawater and coastlines,” Jreissati said in a statement.
The long-term impact on marine life would be “devastating, with oil residues potentially persisting in the environment for years or even decades,” he said, adding that the “potential for a major environmental disaster is significant as the vessel could break apart at any time.”
IN NUMBERS
- 150k Tonnes of crude oil aboard the Greek-flagged MV Sounion.
- 80 Vessels targeted by the Houthi militia since Oct. 7, 2023.
The economic and humanitarian impact would be equally severe. The Red Sea is not only home to diverse marine life but is also a vital global shipping route, connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa. A major oil spill would disrupt this passage, affecting global trade.
Furthermore, a spill could contaminate desalination plants that supply fresh water to millions in Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Eritrea.
The Red Sea’s closed nature, bordered by the Suez Canal to the north and the Bab Al-Mandab Strait to the south, means that any contamination could persist in the water for an extended period.
Efforts to salvage the Sounion have been fraught with complications. The EU’s Aspides naval mission, established in February to protect merchant vessels in the region, is leading the rescue operation, working closely with private sector actors.
Early in the operation, the crew of 23 Filipinos and two Russians, along with four private security personnel, were rescued by a French vessel and taken to Djibouti.
Aspides initially attempted to tow the vessel earlier in September, but the mission was paused due to unsafe conditions and concerns about further damage to the tanker. It was not until mid-September that salvage crews were able to secure a connection to tow the vessel.
The towing process has been dangerous. The tanker, still smoldering and billowing smoke, had to be moved at a “painfully slow” pace to a safe location in the northern Red Sea.
Greek news agencies reported over the weekend that the rescue vessel, Aigaion Pelagos, was towing the Sounion, escorted by the rescue tug Panormitis and several frigates equipped with firefighting and oil spill recovery capabilities.
According to the Greek state news agency ANA-MPA, “three frigates, helicopters and a special forces unit” were involved in the salvage operation.
“Despite challenging conditions, with temperatures reaching up to 400 degrees Celsius due to the fire, the specialized salvage team successfully secured the tanker to the Aigaion Pelagos,” ANA-MPA reported.
The destination of the vessel remains undisclosed, and both ships’ radars have been turned off for safety reasons.
The complexity of the operation reflects the broader challenges faced by the international community in addressing the fallout from Houthi attacks.
While the US Navy has offered assistance, the operation is currently being managed by private entities, with no direct involvement from American forces.
Sabrina Singh, the deputy spokesperson for the US Department of Defense, confirmed earlier this month that the US Navy is “standing by” but has not been called into action.
The Houthi militia has justified its attacks on international shipping as part of its resistance to Israeli actions in Gaza, claiming that the Sounion belongs to a company with alleged ties to Israel.
However, the militia has also attacked multiple vessels with no ties to Israel.
Houthi spokesperson Yahya Saree vowed further attacks as the anniversary of the Oct. 7 Hamas-led attack that triggered the Gaza war approaches, signaling that the threat to Red Sea shipping is far from over.
The Sounion crisis echoes the near catastrophe of the FSO Safer, another oil tanker that posed an enormous environmental threat in the Red Sea. The decaying vessel was anchored off the coast of Yemen for years with more than 1 million barrels of oil on board.
After months of international negotiations and funding efforts, the Safer was finally unloaded in 2023 under a UN-led effort, narrowly avoiding what could have been one of the worst oil spills in history.
The Safer’s precarious condition and the drawn-out efforts to secure it illustrated the difficulty of managing such crises in conflict zones.
Jordan armed forces downs drone attempting to cross Jordanian territory
- Petra: ‘The border guard forces ... shot it down and it was transferred to the specialized authorities’
- Jordan neighbors Syria and Iraq — both countries where Iranian proxy forces operate — and also is next door to Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank
CAIRO: Jordanian armed forces thwarted an attempt by a drone to cross the kingdom’s territory, Jordan’s state news agency Petra said on Tuesday, without clarifying the direction from which it was coming.
“The border guard forces ... shot it down and it was transferred to the specialized authorities,” Petra said citing an official source in the army’s leadership.
Petra also quoted the source as saying: “We are dealing firmly with various threats on the kingdom’s borders.”
Jordan neighbors Syria and Iraq — both countries where Iranian proxy forces operate — and also is next door to Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank.
The Jordanian statement came shortly after Lebanon’s Hezbollah group accused Israel of detonating pagers across Lebanon, killing at least eight people and wounding nearly 3,000 others including Iran’s envoy to Beirut.
In April, the kingdom shot down Iranian drones flying over to Israel.
More recently in September, a gunman from Jordan killed three Israelis at the Allenby Bridge border crossing in the occupied West Bank before security forces shot him dead.
US MQ-9 drone crashes near Yemen: Pentagon
- The Houthis claimed Tuesday that they had shot down three MQ-9s over the past week — a figure Ryder described as “too high”
WASHINGTON: A US MQ-9 Reaper drone crashed near Yemen, the Pentagon said Tuesday, after Iran-backed Houthi rebels claimed to have downed several of the aircraft in recent days.
“Yesterday, an MQ-9 did crash in the vicinity of Yemen. That is being investigated, but I don’t have any additional details to share,” Pentagon spokesman Major General Pat Ryder told journalists.
The Houthis claimed Tuesday that they had shot down three MQ-9s over the past week — a figure Ryder described as “too high.”
The Pentagon spokesman said he could not provide a specific number for security reasons, but that the Houthis’ figure “is not accurate.”
The latest drone crash came after the Pentagon confirmed in February that another MQ-9 — which can be used for both reconnaissance and strikes — went down off the Yemeni coast after apparently being struck by a Houthi missile.
The Houthis — who are opposed to government forces in Yemen and are one of several militant groups arrayed against Israel — began attacking shipping in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden in November.
They say they are attacking Israel-linked vessels in support of Palestinians in Gaza, which has been ravaged by the Israel-Hamas war, but ships from multiple countries that have no ties to the conflict have been targeted.
Israel fosters hate, threatens peace framework that prevailed for decades, says Arab League chief
- Ahmed Aboul Gheit says wider recognition of Palestinian state is needed to facilitate negotiations with Israel ‘on an equal footing, grounded in legal parity’
- During meeting with the UN’s Middle East peace coordinator, he warns that Western tolerance of Israel’s war in Gaza will ‘exact a significant toll on regional stability’
CAIRO: The secretary-general of the Arab League, Ahmed Aboul Gheit, condemned the “tolerance exhibited by major powers and the Western world toward the continuation of the Gaza war for an entire year” and warned that it will “exact a significant toll on regional stability.”
His comments came during a meeting in Cairo with Tor Wennesland, the UN’s special coordinator for the Middle East peace process. Their talks focused on the evolving situation in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, a spokesperson said, as well as the risks Israel’s war on Gaza pose to regional stability, particularly in light of Israeli calls for escalation of the conflict with Hezbollah along the southern Lebanon front.
Aboul Gheit warned that the “hatred fostered by Israel through its massacres undermines any prospects for comprehensive peace in the future and threatens to destabilize the peace framework that has prevailed in the region for over four decades.”
Wennesland offered his perspective on efforts to preserve the framework for a two-state solution, including the establishment of an independent Palestinian state. He and Aboul Gheit discussed anticipated diplomatic initiatives that could advance a two-state solution from a position of mere rhetoric and intentions toward tangible actions and implementation.
The Arab League chief emphasized the need for continued political engagement across all platforms, particularly within the UN and its Security Council, to uphold and maintain the vision for two states.
He said: “Expanding the recognition of the Palestinian state is a pivotal step in this endeavor, as it facilitates negotiations between the two states on an equal footing, grounded in legal parity.”
Aboul Gheit and Wennesland also discussed efforts to address the humanitarian crisis in war-torn Gaza and agreed that though such efforts will be crucial during the upcoming phase of the conflict, they must be complemented by a political path that directly addresses the core issue of the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories.
Widespread relief as rescuers tow burning oil tanker to safety in Red Sea
- EUNAVFOR Aspides: MV Sounion has been successfully towed to a safe area without any oil spill
- Greek-flagged oil tanker has been abandoned and burning in the Red Sea since late August
AL-MUKALLA: A burning tanker in the Red Sea carrying almost a million barrels of oil has been successfully moved to a safe location without leaking, the EU naval mission said, raising hopes of defusing an environmental disaster in the shipping artery.
In a post on X, the EU mission, known as EUNAVFOR Aspides, said on Monday that rescuers had completed the first phase of salvaging the burning Sounion oil tanker in the Red Sea after towing it to a safe area under the protection of its naval ships, bringing worldwide relief, primarily from marine experts who had warned of a disaster to the Red Sea ecology and shipping if the ship leaked oil or exploded.
“Under protection of EUNAVFOR Aspides, MV Sounion has been successfully towed to a safe area without any oil spill. While private stakeholders complete the salvage operation, ASPIDES will continue to monitor the situation,” the EU mission said.
It added: “The completion of this phase of the salvage operation is the result of a comprehensive approach and close cooperation between all stakeholders committed to prevent an environmental disaster affecting the whole region.”
The Greek-flagged oil tanker has been abandoned and burning in the Red Sea since late August when the Houthis attacked it several times over claims that ships owned by the Sounion parent company visited Israel ports.
Wim Zwijnenburg of the Humanitarian Disarmament Project at the Dutch peace organization PAX said on Tuesday that satellite images showed the burning ship and warships escorting it sailing near the coast of Eritrea.
“The MV #Sounion has been towed to safer waters for a salvage operation. Satellite radar imagery of today, Sept 17, shows the ship with its escort close to the coast of Eritrea, where they are likely to work on putting out the fires and making the ship ready for further towing,” Zwijnenburg said on X.
Since November, the Houthis have seized a commercial ship, sunk two, and burned several others while launching hundreds of ballistic missiles, drones and drone boats at ships in shipping lanes off Yemen in a campaign that the Yemeni militia claims is intended to put pressure on Israel to end its war in the Palestinian Gaza Strip.
Despite widespread condemnation for their attacks on ships and threats to the environment and navigation freedom, the Houthis threatened to continue to attack ships as well as fire drones and missiles at Israel.
Meanwhile, the Houthis held a military funeral procession in Sanaa on Tuesday for three of their officers who were killed in fighting with the Yemeni government.
Despite the significant drop in hostilities in Yemen since April 2022, when a UN-brokered truce went into effect, the Houthis have organized dozens of similar funerals for hundreds of their fighters killed on the battlefields in Sanaa, Hodeidah, Saada, Amran, and other Yemeni provinces under their control.
Dozens of Yemeni government soldiers have also been killed in clashes with the Houthis over the past two years.
A Yemeni government field commander was killed on Sunday when the Houthis attacked government troops in the southern province of Dhale, the latest in a series of deadly Houthi attacks on government forces.
