PARIS: Russian-born tech entrepreneur Pavel Durov has founded wildly popular social networks as well as a cryptocurrency, amassed a multi-billion-dollar fortune and locked horns with authorities not just in Russia but around the world.
Still a few months shy of his 40th birthday, the man once dubbed the “Russian Zuckerberg” after Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg now finds himself under arrest in France after being sensationally detained at a Paris airport this weekend.
While still in his 20s, the Saint Petersburg native shot to fame in Russia after founding the VKontakte (VK) social network which catered to the needs of Russian-language users and outgunned Facebook throughout the former USSR.
After disputes with the Russian authorities and ownership battles, he sold out of VKontakte and founded a new messaging service called Telegram which rapidly gained traction but has also proved controversial with critics condemning an alleged lack of control on extreme content.
As these dramas raged, Durov remained a mercurial and at times mysterious figure, rarely giving interviews and restricting himself to sometimes enigmatic declarations made on Telegram.
A self-avowed libertarian, Durov has championed confidentiality on the Internet and encryption in messaging.
He has defiantly refused to allow the moderation of messages on Telegram, which allows users to post video, pictures and comments on “channels” that can be followed by anyone.
Durov, 39, was targeted in France by a warrant over offenses alleged to have been conducted on Telegram, ranging from fraud to drug trafficking, cyberbullying and organized crime, including promoting terrorism and fraud.
Investigations have been entrusted to the cyber unit of the French gendarmerie and the national anti-fraud office. He was still in police custody on Sunday, according to two sources close to the case.
In 2006, having just graduated from the University of Saint Petersburg, Durov launched VKontakte (VK), attracting users even while its founder remained a shadowy figure.
In a stunt typical of his unpredictable behavior, Durov in 2012 showered high-denomination notes on pedestrians from VK’s headquarters on top of a historic bookstore on Saint Petersburg’s Nevsky Prospekt.
But after running into trouble with the Kremlin for refusing to hand over the personal data of users to the Russian security services (FSB), he sold out of the company and left Russia in 2014.
Durov resigned from VK with a typical flourish, posting a picture of dolphins and the slogan “So Long and Thanks for All the Fish,” a title in the famous “Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” science fiction series.
He developed the Telegram messaging service with his brother Nikolai while traveling from country to country and launched the service in 2013.
He settled in Dubai and obtained citizenship of the Caribbean island archipelago of Saint Kitts and Nevis, then, in August 2021, won French nationality following a low-profile procedure about which Paris remains highly discreet.
Meanwhile, Telegram enjoyed stratospheric success, presenting itself as a champion of individual freedoms, refusing “censorship” and protecting the confidentiality of its users.
This rankled with authorities, especially in his home country and in 2018, a Moscow court ordered the blocking of the application. But the imposition of the measure was shambolic and three days later, protesters ironically bombarded the FSB headquarters with paper planes, the symbol of Telegram.
Since then, Russia has abandoned its efforts to block Telegram and the messaging service is used by both the Russian government and the opposition, with some channels boasting several hundred thousand subscribers.
Telegram also plays a key role in Russia’s war against Ukraine, documented by bloggers from both sides who post their analyzes and videos of the fighting.
Pro-Moscow channels run by so-called “Z-bloggers” who back the war have proved hugely influential and are sometimes critical of Russian military strategy.
Durov eschews traditional media interviews but in April sat down with ultra-conservative US journalist Tucker Carlson for an extensive discussion.
People “love the independence. They also love the privacy, the freedom, (there are) a lot of reasons why somebody would switch to Telegram,” Durov told Carlson.
He is also not shy of posting messages on his own Telegram channel, claiming to lead a solitary life, abstaining from meat, alcohol and even coffee. Always dressed in black, he cultivates a resemblance to the actor Keanu Reeves in the film “Matrix.”
In July, he boasted of being the biological father of more than 100 children thanks to his sperm donations in a dozen countries, describing this as a “civic duty” in an attitude to parenting that echoes that of a fellow tech mogul, the X and Tesla chief Elon Musk.
According to Forbes magazine’s latest estimate, Durov’s fortune is $15.5 billion. But toncoin, the cryptocurrency he created, has plummeted by more than 15 percent since the announcement of his arrest.
Telegram has long been in the sights of European judicial authorities over allegations it spreads conspiracy theories, shared calls for murder and hosts drug sales platforms. Durov, however, insists that he responds to every request to remove content calling for violence or murder.
Durov: Mysterious and controversial Telegram founder
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Durov: Mysterious and controversial Telegram founder
- Self-avowed libertarian, 39-year-old Telegram CEO has championed confidentiality on the Internet and encryption in messaging
- Durov faces charges ranging from use of Telegram for fraud, drug trafficking, cyberbullying and organized crime
London exhibition honors ‘human stories’ of migrants
It aims to show the “human stories behind the headlines,” added Anand, the museum’s artistic director
LONDON: Weeks after anti-immigrant riots spread across England, a London exhibition is celebrating the impact immigrant communities have had on Britain through photos, testimonies and art installations.
Migration is “often seen as something that’s very divisive” but in reality “is just a part of our daily lives,” said Aditi Anand, curator of “All Our Stories: Migration and the Making of Britain.”
“It’s shaped Britain over the centuries and we want to get a sense of that long history and show that migration has always been happening,” she told AFP.
The exhibition, which opened Thursday at London’s Migration Museum, features 7,000 testimonies, 200 photographs and contributions from about 50 artists.
It aims to show the “human stories behind the headlines,” added Anand, the museum’s artistic director, who said migration had influenced Britain from food to fashion.
The long history of migration down the centuries also features in the exhibit, which runs until December next year.
A video by director Osbert Parker recalls that between 4,000 and 800 BC, “communities from the Mediterranean and continental Europe arrived in Great Britain including Celtic tribes, today known as the Ancient Britons.”
The video is a reminder that the Romans were followed in the fifth century by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes of northern Europe, who brought with them Germanic languages and culture.
“The idea is to show that the immigration is not something modern. It’s been going on for generations,” she added.
According to the last census in 2021, 17 percent of the British population was born outside the country, or around 10 million people.
“I think what we really want to show is that it (migration) has just been a part of our lives. It’s part of the fabric of this country’s DNA,” said Anand.
The display features a vending machine of products that “look like they’re quintessentially British brands” but have “migrant founders,” she noted.
One company featured is Marks & Spencer, co-founded by Michael Marks who was born into a Polish-Jewish family before arriving in Leeds in northern England in 1882.
The country’s first coffee chain, Costa Coffee, is also included. It was created by two brothers who arrived from Italy in the 1950s.
The exhibition also shows a reconstructed Chinese takeaway and the kitchen of a Spanish restaurant.
It also details the European migration crisis of 2015 with a look at the now-closed “Calais Jungle,” a vast camp where thousands of people waited to cross the Channel from northern France.
Next to a reconstructed tent, a series of photos put faces and stories to the migration crisis.
The exhibition comes as the UK continues to grapple with high levels of irregular migration, with nearly 23,000 crossing the Channel in dangerous small boats this year.
It recalls that three centuries ago, Huguenot French Protestants fled persecution by crossing the same body of water to England where they were warmly welcomed by the authorities.
UK to change travel entry requirements
- The interior ministry announced that all visitors who do not require a visa to travel to Britain will need an ETA from April 2, 2025
- “This can be either through an ETA or an eVisa,” the Home Office said
LONDON: The UK government this week announced an overhaul in non-visa entry requirements for visitors from next year.
The Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) scheme is similar to the ESTA system in the United States.
The interior ministry announced that all visitors who do not require a visa to travel to Britain will need an ETA from April 2, 2025.
“Everyone wishing to travel to the UK — except British and Irish citizens — will need permission to travel in advance of coming here.
“This can be either through an ETA or an eVisa,” the Home Office said in a statement.
It is a travel permit digitally linked to the traveler’s passport and is for people entering or transiting the UK without a visa or legal residence rights.
It costs £10 (12 euros, 13 dollars) and permits multiple journeys to the UK for stays of up to six months at a time over two years or until the holder’s passport expires — whichever is sooner.
Eligibility is based on nationality and suitable travelers can apply using the UK ETA app.
Previously, most visitors could arrive at a British airport with their passport and enter the country without a visa.
But that began to change in November last year when the then Conservative government introduced the ETA, starting with Qatari nationals.
The scheme was extended earlier this year and currently includes citizens of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Children and babies from these countries need an ETA too.
Interior minister Yvette Cooper announced on Tuesday that all nationalities except Europeans can apply for an ETA from November 27. They will need one travel to Britain from January 8 next year.
The scheme will then extend to eligible Europeans, who will require an ETA from April 2, 2025. They will be able to apply from March 5.
Eligible travelers will need one even if they are just using the UK to connect to an onward flight abroad.
British and Irish passport holders and those with passports for a British overseas territory do not need an ETA.
Travelers with a visa also do not require one, nor do people with permission to live, work or study in the UK, including people settled under the EU Settlement Scheme agreed as part of Britain’s exit from the European Union in January 2020.
Travelers can get an ETA if they are coming to the UK for up to six months for tourism, visiting family and friends, business or short-term study.
They cannot get married, claim benefits, live in the country through frequent visits, or take up work as a self-employed person.
The Home Office says ETAs are “in line with the approach many other countries have taken to border security, including the US and Australia.”
It also mirrors the ETIAS scheme for visa-exempt nationals traveling to 30 European countries, including France and Germany, that the European Commission expects to be operational early next year.
It is part of the government’s drive to digitise its border and immigration system.
The Home Office says it will ensure “more robust security checks are carried out before people begin their journey to the UK,” which helps prevent “abuse of our immigration system.”
It is partly a consequence of Brexit, which ended freedom of movement to Britain for European nationals.
Heathrow Airport has blamed the ETA scheme for a 90,000 drop in transfer passenger numbers on routes included in the program since it was launched.
It has described the system as “devastating for our hub competitiveness” and wants the government to “review” the inclusion of air transit passengers.
Zelensky says will meet Biden ‘this month’ to present Ukraine ‘victory plan’
- Announcement comes as US president to discuss whether or not to let Kyiv fire Western-provided long-range missiles into Russia with UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer
KYIV: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said Friday that he will meet US leader Joe Biden “this month” to present his “victory plan” on how to end two and a half years of war with Russia.
The announcement came as Biden is due to discuss whether or not to let Kyiv fire Western-provided long-range missiles into Russia with UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer.
“My meeting with President Joe Biden is planned,” Zelensky said at an international conference in Kyiv. “I will present him with a victory plan.”
He gave no specific details on how to end more than 30 months of fighting, saying only that his proposal will involve “a system of interconnected solutions that will give Ukraine enough power — enough to put this war on a course to peace.”
Kyiv has been pressing the West for a green light to use Western weapons to strike into Russia, saying that it could change the course of the war.
Zelensky announced he would meet Biden just over a month into Kyiv’s surprise incursion into the Kursk region, which he had said at the time was partly aimed at forcing Russia into “fair” negotiations.
Zelensky has said he aims to host another international peace summit outlining his vision to end the war in November, to which Russia will be invited.
Bangladesh urges India to keep Sheikh Hasina ‘quiet’ in ‘best interest’ of bilateral ties
- Ousted Bangladeshi PM is in India, with which she enjoyed close ties during 15-year rule
- New caretaker government in Dhaka says it also seeks a good relationship with New Delhi
DHAKA: For the sake of bilateral relations, India should influence Bangladesh’s ex-PM Sheikh Hasina to “keep quiet,” Dhaka’s top diplomat said, as the ousted prime minister continued to give instructions from her exile in New Delhi.
After 15 straight years in power, Hasina resigned and fled to neighboring India on Aug. 5, forced out by weeks of student-led rallies and a nationwide uprising in the wake of a police crackdown on demonstrators that left hundreds of people dead.
In the following days, the parliament was dissolved, and a new temporary administration was appointed, with Nobel Prize-winning economist Muhammad Yunus at the helm.
With the new government in office, Hasina kept making political remarks from India and official calls to her party supporters. She also demanded a “thorough investigation” into the protests-related violence to “bring to justice those responsible for these heinous killings and acts of sabotage” and claimed that the US was behind her ouster.
“As long as she is in India … it is not in the best interest of relations that she continues to sermonize from there. Since she is being given shelter there, we would prefer that she keeps quiet and her hosts tell her that she keeps quiet,” Bangladesh’s Foreign Affairs Adviser Touhid Hossain told Arab News in an interview at his office in Dhaka this week.
A former foreign secretary and ambassador, Hossain was appointed last month as chief of the interim government’s foreign affairs.
While Hasina enjoyed close strategic and economic ties with India during her 15-year rule, Hossain said that the new government in Dhaka also wanted “a good relationship” with New Delhi.
Amid calls for Hasina’s extradition from India to face trial at home for the violence preceding her downfall, he added that time will show if such a request will be made.
“It’s a much wider issue,” he said. “But for the moment, I think that it is in her best interest — and also the interests of her hosts and us — that she keeps quiet.”
Hasina, 76, was one of the world’s longest-ruling female leaders and played a pivotal role in the politics of Bangladesh, a nation of about 170 million people that declared its independence in 1971.
She is the daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the country’s charismatic founding leader, who was killed in 1975 in a military coup when Hasina was 28. She served as prime minister from 1996 to 2001 and regained power in 2009.
Under her leadership, Bangladesh became one of the fastest-growing economies in the region, with World Bank estimates showing that more than 25 million people in the country have been lifted out of poverty in the last two decades.
But critics say she has grown increasingly autocratic and called her a threat to the country’s democracy, with many saying that the sudden collapse of Hasina’s government had reflected a broader discontent against her rule.
The student-led demonstrations that began peacefully in July were against a quota system for government jobs, which was widely criticized for favoring those with connections to the ruling party.
The rallies then turned violent as security forces clashed with protesters, leading to the killing of hundreds of people and triggering a civil disobedience movement that forced Hasina’s resignation.
Bangladesh’s interim government has agreed to a probe into the events by the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. According to the OHCHR’s preliminary analysis of the unrest and state violations in addressing it, immediately available data indicates that more than 600 people were killed, but “the reported death toll is likely an underestimate.”
The violations include cases of “extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests and detention, enforced disappearances, torture and ill-treatment.”
European, Muslim countries meet in Spain eyeing schedule for Palestinian statehood
- European, Muslim nations meet to talk two-state solution
- Participants want to work out clear implementation schedule Spain, Norway, Ireland now recognize Palestinian state
MADRID: Spain, hosting a high-level meeting on Friday of several Muslim and European countries on ways to end the Gaza war, called for a clear schedule for the international community to implement a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
“We meet to make another push for the end of the war in Gaza, for a way out of the unending spiral of violence between the Palestinians, the Israelis... That way is clear. The implementation of the two-state solution is the only way,” Spanish Foreign Minister Jose Manuel Albares told reporters.
In attendance were his counterparts including from Norway and Slovenia, European Union foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, Palestinian Prime Minister Mohammad Mustafa and members of the Arab-Islamic Contact Group for Gaza that includes Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkiye.
Albares said there was “a clear willingness” among the participants, who notably do not include Israel, “to move on from words to actions and to make strides toward a clear schedule for the effective implementation” of a two-state solution, starting with Palestine joining the United Nations.
Israel was not invited because it was not part of the contact group, Albares said, adding though that “we will be delighted to see Israel at any table where peace and the two-state solution are discussed.”
On May 28, Spain, Norway and Ireland formally recognized a unified Palestinian state ruled by the Palestinian Authority comprising the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, with East Jerusalem as its capital. With them, 146 of the 193 member states of the United Nations now recognize Palestinian statehood.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has repeatedly described the co-existence of two sovereign states on the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine as the only viable path to peace in the region.
Such a two-state solution was set out in the 1991 Madrid Conference and the 1993-95 Oslo Accords, but the peace process has been moribund for years.
However, the search for a peaceful solution has been given new urgency by the 11-month-long war in the Gaza Strip between Israel and the Palestinian militant groups Hamas — the bloodiest episode yet in the overall conflict — as well as escalating violence in the occupied West Bank.
The West Bank, including East Jerusalem, was captured by Israel in the 1967 Middle East war and has been occupied ever since, with expanding Jewish settlements complicating the issue. Israel annexed East Jerusalem in 1980 in a move generally not recognized internationally.
Israel also says guarantees on its security are of paramount importance.
Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide has told Reuters the meeting also needed to discuss the demobilization of Hamas — which controlled Gaza prior to the war — and the normalization of ties between Israel and some other states, notably Saudi Arabia.
