Saudi scientists at forefront of gene breakthrough that could boost food security

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Updated 09 October 2024
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Saudi scientists at forefront of gene breakthrough that could boost food security

  • Researchers at KAUST find particular gene that determines whether pearl millet can resist parasitic weeds
  • By selectively breeding strains of the grain that do not contain the gene, crops can be developed that better resist the threat

RIYADH: Researchers led by experts at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia have identified a gene in a native grain crop that could help to improve food security in the Kingdom and beyond.

The gene affects the level of resistance to a parasitic weed that is one of the major threats to this particular crop.

Salim Al-Babili, associate dean of biological and environmental science and engineering at the university and a professor of plant science, said: “By producing very high-quality genomes of pearl millet, we found a gene that contributes to the susceptibility of pearl millet to the root parasitic plant striga. Striga represents a major threat to global food security.”

Pearl millet, a common crop in Saudi Arabia and other places with a similar climate, can be vulnerable to striga hermonthica, also known as purple witchweed. The researchers found that pearl millet strains that lack the gene “CLAMT1b,” which is responsible for the synthesis of specific hormones, are more resistant to the weed than those in which the gene is present.

The finding is significant because it offers fresh insights into beneficial breeding methods for improved food security, the experts said.

“Pearl millet is a traditional crop in Saudi Arabia,” Al-Babili said. “It is a nutritious and healthy cereal, with pronounced resilience and tolerance for arid environments, making it a promising local crop for the Kingdom's food security.”




Salim Al-Babili, associate dean of biological and environmental science and engineering at the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and a professor of plant science.

About 100 million people in Asia and Africa, particularly communities in harsh and dry climates, rely on pearl millet as part of their staple diet because of its high nutritional value. By selectively breeding strains that do not have the CLAMT1b gene, crops can be developed that better resist parasitic threats in Saudi Arabia and other arid regions.

“Our work will help in producing striga-resistant varieties that contribute to global food security,” Al-Babili added. “It also paves the way for improving this important crop and increasing its productivity, toward a wider utilization as a source for food and fodder in the Kingdom.”

This gene-targeted strategy aligns with global agricultural trends that focus on genetic improvements as part of the efforts to address challenges arising from climate change, and offer a potential model for improvements to other staple crops that are vulnerable to parasitic plants.

The researchers found that many varieties of pearl millet breeding stocks, including commercially available ones, contain the CLAMT1b gene. They also discovered that the presence or otherwise of the gene had no significant effect on the symbiotic relationship between pearl millet and arbuscular mycorrhizal, a fungus commonly found on the crop that has many benefits for the plant, including increased uptake of water and nutrients and improved disease resistance.

The researchers’ findings therefore suggest breeding strategies that remove the CLAMT1 gene could help protect the crop from parasitical plants without harming other ecological relationships that benefit its growth and survival.


Women participation in Riyadh camel racing event doubles

Updated 02 February 2025
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Women participation in Riyadh camel racing event doubles

  • The increase in the number of participating women camel riders has also contributed to a rise in the prizes

RIYADH: Women participation in the camel racing event at the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Camel Festival 2025 has increased by 100 percent compared to the first edition last year, the Saudi Press Agency reported.

Encouraged by the significant development, the organizing committee has decided to add a second race, which includes 18 Saudi female camel riders.

Organized by the Saudi Camel Federation, the festival's second edition kicked off on January 27 at the Janadriyah Camel Race Track in Riyadh. The competitions will conclude on Wednesday.  

The total value of prizes exceeds SAR 70 million.

The increase in the number of participating women camel riders has also contributed to a rise in the prizes. (SPA photo)

During last year's edition of the festival, 15 female camel riders competed, representing nine countries: Britain, France, Germany, Iran, Jordan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

In this year's edition, the number of female riders has risen to 30 from 12 countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Britain, France, Germany, Oman, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, UAE, US and Yemen.

The increase in the number of participating women camel riders has also contributed to a rise in the prizes, from SAR188,000 to SAR 376,000, with the first-place female rider receiving SAR60,000, SPA said.


Multidisciplinary art residency captures spirit of Jeddah’s Al-Balad

Updated 01 February 2025
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Multidisciplinary art residency captures spirit of Jeddah’s Al-Balad

  • Bait Shouaib Residency brings together diverse creatives to reflect on ‘movement’ in historic district

JEDDAH: Athr Foundation’s Bait Shouaib Arts Residency in Al-Balad district brought together a filmmaker, curator and two artists, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration over an eight-week program.

The Moving Narratives cycle explored the theme of movement through diverse lenses and transformed the historic Bait Shouaib into an active participant in the creative process.

The exhibition, which was open last month as part of this year’s Islamic Arts Biennale, welcomed visitors to witness interpretations of Jeddah’s cultural and historical essence through contemporary art.

Hayfa Algwaiz created a site-specific mobile installation in Bait Shouaib’s stairwell, or minwar. (Supplied)

Residency director and senior program manager at Athr Foundation, Ibrahim Romman, highlighted the program’s impact and told Arab News: “Each resident’s exploration of ‘movement’ became an invitation to reflect on how stories, spaces and identities shift and intersect.

“Together, their work offered a richly layered response to the theme, presenting interdisciplinary perspectives that bridged the historical with the contemporary.”

Sudanese artist Rund Alarabi has created a poetic video installation bridging the cultural and architectural legacies of the port cities of Jeddah and Suakin, Sudan.

Vietnamese curator Nhat Q. Vo centered his project around Al-Shafi’i Mosque. (Supplied)

Her project delves into the undocumented and intangible aspects of collective memory. She told Arab News: “Living between Frankfurt, Khartoum and Jeddah has fed my practice with various materials and unraveled new ways of misunderstanding. This has led me to question what I consider to be given and rethink my understanding of global and local consensus.”

Featuring sensory elements such as soundscapes composed of everyday cooking utensils, her installation forges an intimate connection to cultural memory. “Sound and moving images act as vessels that challenge our understanding of reality. They highlight overlooked aspects of our existence by infiltrating beyond our preconceived assumptions,” she said.

Filmmaker Nada Al-Mojadedi drew inspiration from Hejazi folklore to craft an immersive narrative that seamlessly blends performance, textiles and moving images. Her dual-room installation transformed her studio into a theatrical set, inviting visitors to journey through time.

Sudanese artist Rund Alarabi’s video installation bridged the architectural legacies of the port cities of Jeddah and Suakin, Sudan. (Supplied)

Al-Mojadedi explained: “I wanted to blur the lines between performer and observer, offering an intimate reflection on identity and memory.”

Speaking about her approach to the theme, she added: “For me, movement transcends the physical; it embodies the unseen — a constant, evolving force of imagination, a ‘quantum dance’ through time and space. This concept guided my exploration of Hejazi folklore, where I intertwined heritage with newly crafted urban legends.

“Immersing myself in Al-Balad’s vibrant life and stories, and inspired by my connection to Bait Shouaib and a visiting butterfly, I created Haleema, a Hejazi urban legend inspired by the untold stories of women who once lived in these spaces.”

Reflecting on her creative process, Al-Mojadedi said: “My work layers the personal with the performative, reimagining space as both a site of storytelling and an active participant in the narrative. Being part of this residency was an enriching experience that allowed us to delve into the dynamic cultural tapestry of Al-Balad and contribute our individual narratives to its enduring story.”

Similarly, another artist, Nhat Q. Vo, a Vietnamese curator and cultural worker, explored the transient histories of Jeddah’s migrant worker communities, centering his project around Al-Shafi’i Mosque, a hub of cultural exchange.

“When I arrived in Al-Balad, I was drawn to its physical environment and the untold stories of the laborers who sustain Historic Jeddah. At first, the language barrier made it difficult to connect, but my discovery of Al-Shafi’i Mosque changed everything.

“The sight of people gathering for iftar, united by faith despite their differences, inspired me to represent their stories through their shared rituals rather than words.”

Speaking about how architecture informed his creative approach, he said: “Architecture became a vessel for these narratives, a place where diverse communities converge. Using over 70 meters of fabric to replace the plastic sufra at the mosque, I allowed the material to absorb the traces of shared meals and human connection.

“The fabric, marked by food crumbs, oil stains and creases, became a tangible record of collective memory. For me, the real inspiration comes from the people whose lives and routines shape the rich tapestry of these spaces.”

Riyadh-based artist and architect, Hayfa Algwaiz, has created a site-specific mobile installation in Bait Shouaib’s stairwell, or minwar, exploring the interplay between movement, space and architectural elements.

Activating the stairwell as a dynamic participant in her narrative, she said: “The subtle movement of the mobile mirrored the ephemeral qualities of light, air and transition experienced in Al-Balad. By focusing on a single element, I was able to honor the historic significance of the space while introducing contemporary artistic interpretations.”

Elaborating on her approach, she said: “As an artist and architect, I strive to bridge the past and the present by focusing on elements that connect them, such as the framed openings in historic structures like Bait Shouaib. These openings, adorned with intricate ornamentation, are constants that I deconstruct and reconstruct to reflect our contemporary times.

“In Saudi Arabia’s rapidly changing urban landscape, I aim to spark a dialogue around what should be preserved and what can evolve. By reinterpreting traditional materials, spatial layouts and ornamentation into modern expressions, I hope to honor our cultural identity while embracing the future.”

Animated by natural airflow, her installation reflects the residency’s ethos of bridging tradition with innovation.

“Architecture has the potential to transform into a living, breathing entity, and I sought to capture that essence,” she said.

 


Saudi ambassador meets member of Mauritius National Assembly

Updated 01 February 2025
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Saudi ambassador meets member of Mauritius National Assembly

  • They discussed bilateral relations and ways to enhance them, as well as other topics of common interest

PORT LOUIS: Saudi Ambassador to Mauritius Fayez bin Meshal Al-Temyat recently met with Rubna Daureeawo, member of the Mauritius National Assembly​, according to a post on the Saudi embassy’s account on X.

During the meeting, they discussed bilateral relations and ways to enhance them, as well as other topics of common interest.

In a separate meeting, Al-Temyat met with Shirin Aumeeruddy-Cziffra, speaker of the national assembly, and discussed relations between Saudi Arabia and Mauritius and ways to strengthen them.

 


Makkah hosts 10th international military Qur’an contest

Updated 01 February 2025
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Makkah hosts 10th international military Qur’an contest

  • 179 participants from 32 Islamic countries to compete, promote moderate Islamic values

MAKKAH: The 10th International Military Qur’an Memorization Competition launched on Saturday in Makkah, attracting 179 participants from 32 countries.

Organized by the General Administration of Religious Affairs of the Armed Forces under the patronage of Defense Minister Prince Khalid bin Salman, the event promotes the significance of the Qur’an, encourages its memorization, and highlights Saudi Arabia’s role in serving Islam’s holy book and as the custodian of Islam’s holiest sites.

The competition features six categories: full Qur’an memorization; 20-part, 10-part, five-part, and three-part memorization; and a special category for recitation and tajweed (proper pronunciation).

Parallel activities include a Qur’anic forum for religious affairs directors and imams, showcasing Saudi Arabia’s efforts in Qur’an printing, translation, and distribution.

The forum also discusses the Qur’an’s moral values, the Kingdom’s contributions through its ministries, and the impact of tajweed on understanding the Qur’an.

Additionally, the General Administration of Religious Affairs offers training programs for religious affairs personnel across the armed forces, focusing on Qur’anic teaching methods and enhancing the skills of instructors and competition judges.

Maj. Gen. Mesfer Al-Issa, director of the General Administration of Religious Affairs and competition supervisor, described the event as a significant initiative to honor the Qur’an.

Al-Issa emphasized the Kingdom’s commitment to hosting this event, reflecting the leadership’s dedication to serving the Qur’an.

In an interview with Arab News, he highlighted the event’s profound impact on participants, especially as it takes place in the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah.

Al-Issa said that the Qur’an guides soldiers, shaping their character and values, and encouraging psychological, behavioral, and spiritual stability.

Soldiers grounded in the Qur’an and Sunnah are more balanced and resilient, contributing to the development of morally and spiritually strong armed forces, he said.

The 14-day event will include 10 days in Makkah before moving to Madinah for four days, where participants will visit the Prophet’s Mosque and other Islamic landmarks.

Judges, including imams from the Two Holy Mosques and Qur’anic scholars, use an advanced electronic evaluation system called “Insaf” (Fairness) for transparent scoring.

Contestants receive immediate feedback on memorization, pronunciation, tajweed, and error rates.

Al-Issa said that soldiers are selected through year-long national competitions to identify top military memorizers.

The competition also serves as a platform for military personnel from Islamic nations to promote moderate Islamic values and a proper understanding of the Qur’an through scientific forums.

Al-Issa said that the competition strengthens the Qur’an’s role in Islamic armed forces, supporting efforts to memorize, recite, and reflect on its teachings.

This helps build a generation of soldiers rooted in Islamic knowledge and guided by noble values, he added.


Eltiqa dazzles Kingdom’s capital with Saudi, Brazilian performance arts

Updated 01 February 2025
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Eltiqa dazzles Kingdom’s capital with Saudi, Brazilian performance arts

  • Event organized by Royal Institute of Traditional Arts and held under patronage of Minister of Culture Prince Badr bin Abdullah bin Farhan
  • Featured Saudi and Brazilian traditional performances

RIYADH: Highlighting the shared artistic heritage of Saudi Arabia and Brazil, Eltiqa once again captured hearts in the Kingdom’s capital this weekend.

Organized by the Royal Institute of Traditional Arts, and held under the patronage of Minister of Culture Prince Badr bin Abdullah bin Farhan, the event featured Saudi and Brazilian traditional performances and arts at the King Fahd Cultural Center.

“I wanted to see the mix (of cultures) that they have done between Saudi and Brazilian culture,” said Abdulaziz Al-Ansari, one of the visitors at Eltiqa. “It’s honestly amazing. I didn’t even 1 percent imagine it would be this good.”

The event highlighted the harmony between the two countries through five performances from each side and a combined dance performance that merged the traditional arts of Saudi Arabia and Brazil.

Asma Al-Sayyari, a social media influencer and visitor, described the event as “magical.” She added: “What I liked the most was they brought 100 percent Saudi culture, 100 percent Brazilian culture, then they mixed the two very beautifully.”

The cultural center also displayed a collaborative artwork titled “Harmony” by a Saudi artist and a Brazilian artist, as well as 15 cultural events such as movement activities, art pieces, and workshops to connect people and introduce the visual arts of both countries.

“Extraordinary … I salute Saudi Arabia and I salute the Brazilian people,” said Samar Abdullah, a Saudi model and visitor at Eltiqa.

Eltiqa is one of many Wrth initiatives that aims to promote global cultural exchange between the Kingdom and other countries, as well as create a platform to link traditional arts locally and internationally.

Through such events, the center hopes to present Saudi Arabia’s traditional arts as part of Saudi Vision 2030’s objective to preserve and enhance cultural heritage.

“You can’t imagine how full I am with beautiful energy. I feel very, very good,” said Yusha Al-Sayyari, another visitor.