Pakistan says an estimated 500,000 children missed vaccinations in recent anti-polio drive

Health workers administer polio drops to children at a school during a vaccination campaign in Lahore, Pakistan, on October 28, 2024. (AFP/File)
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Updated 10 November 2024
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Pakistan says an estimated 500,000 children missed vaccinations in recent anti-polio drive

  • PM’s coordinator on health says refusals, unavailability of people caused children to miss vaccinations in November
  • Says unvaccinated Afghan refugees traveled to other parts of Pakistan to escape deportation, leading to spread of polio 

ISLAMABAD: An estimated 500,000 Pakistani children missed polio vaccinations during this month’s countrywide inoculation drive, the country’s chief health official confirmed this week, attributing it mostly to people refusing vaccines or being unavailable due to traveling when the campaign was launched. 

Pakistan has reported 48 polio cases this year, with 23 of those reported from the country’s southwestern Balochistan province, 13 from Sindh, ten from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and one each from Punjab and Islamabad.

The alarming surge in cases prompted Pakistan to conduct a countrywide anti-polio vaccination drive from Oct. 28 to Nov. 3, aiming to inoculate over 45 million children against the infection.

Pakistan remains one of only two countries worldwide where polio remains endemic. Misinformation about vaccinations and attacks by religiously motivated militants on polio teams have been major impediments to immunization campaigns.

“This year I don’t have the exact figure but we are expecting around 500,000 refusals, unavailability [of people for vaccinations],” Malik Mukhtar Ahmed Bharath, coordinator to the prime minister on national health services, told Arab News in an exclusive interview. 

“But we are not going to leave them [children] we are going to chase them, we are going to track them, trace them and we are going to get them vaccinated for this polio.”

Since late 2018, Pakistan has seen a resurgence of poliovirus cases, highlighting the fragility of gains achieved in the preceding years when cases dropped in 2023 to six, 20 in 2022 and just one in 2022.

Attacks on polio vaccinators and security teams deployed to protect them have also increased. 

Seven people, including five children, were killed when a bomb targeted police traveling to guard vaccine workers this month. Days earlier, two police escorts were gunned down by militants.

The official regretted that over 90 polio vaccinators have been killed in the country since 2012. 

“[Overall] more than 90 have been martyred just because they are serving the nation and I do not think so anywhere in the world this happens,” Bharath said. 

Speaking on the recent surge in polio cases, Bharath said there was nothing wrong with Pakistan’s polio program, adding that the country has one of the best surveillance systems to monitor the disease. 

He said one of the major causes of the surge in polio cases this year was due to a repatriation drive launched in 2023 by Pakistan against “illegal immigrants,” causing many Afghan refugees who were not vaccinated against polio to travel to other parts of the country and spread the infection. 

“The major factor is the Afghan refugees’ repatriation program started [last year],” Bharath said. “Because they were unvaccinated, they just traveled from south Khyber Pakhtunkhwa KP to all over Pakistan to just escape from that repatriation, and that is one of the biggest causes of this spread of poliovirus across Pakistan.”

He said another reason for polio spreading countrywide was because of vaccine refusals in some tribal areas of the country, where the polio teams could not administer drops and due to the deteriorating security situation which made some areas inaccessible for volunteers.

Bharat said the prime minister’s focal person on polio, the country’s polio team and the Ministry of Health developed a strategy in July and August to target previously inaccessible areas with vaccination drives. 

These were the Karachi, Quetta and south KP divisions, the official said.

“The main areas of concern were the Quetta block, that is Quetta, Chaman, Killa Saifullah, Killa Abdullah and adjoining areas,” he said.

Bharath said 64 union councils in Pakistan’s largest city Karachi, seven districts in southern KP were some areas where the government had been unable to eliminate polio for a very long time.

“To deal with the situation, we are working on a different plan for each area,” Bharath said. “In South Punjab, there is a different plan and If we are going in south KP, there is a different plan,” he added. 

He said authorities were determining which programs, influencers or Islamic scholars should be involved in each area to achieve better results.

“There is a segregated campaign for south KP from 11th or 12th [November] which they are going to start in five or four districts,” he informed. 

Bharath said synchronized campaigns with Afghanistan to target polio were “crucial” to eliminate the disease.

“We are going to hold a dialogue in the first week of December in Doha, Qatar, along with WHO and we are going to discuss how we are going to have synchronized campaigns,” he said. 


Meet Major Sania Safdar, Pakistani peacekeeper recognized by UN for gender advocacy

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Meet Major Sania Safdar, Pakistani peacekeeper recognized by UN for gender advocacy

  • Safdar from Pakistan is first peacekeeper from UNFICYP to receive 2023 Certificate of Recognition for gender advocacy
  • In Cyprus, Safdar, who has an engineering degree, served as Mission’s Force Signal Officer as well as gender focal person

RAWALPINDI: When Major Sania Safdar was posted with the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) last year, she never expected that her service would lead her to becoming the first peacekeeper from the mission to receive the 2023 Certificate of Recognition for gender advocacy.

Safdar, 36, was presented the certificate in August this year by the New York-based UN Department of Peace Operations for advocating gender equality as a member of the UNFICYP. She served from July 2023 to November 2024 as the mission’s Force Signal Officer and one of its military gender focal points.

“I am the first [Pakistani] peacekeeper from that mission who received this certificate of recognition for gender advocacy, and I am very happy and proud,” Safdar told Arab News in an interview this week. 

She said her work involved promoting equal representation of women in all activities, organizing initiatives for them and ensuring their participation in planning, exercises, and operations throughout the mission. Since her deployment to the mission last year, she proactively took charge of several initiatives “by focusing on integrating the Women, Peace, and Security Agenda into military components of the Mission’s work,” the UN said. 

Getting the certificate of recognition is not the soldier’s only memorable achievement as a member of the UNFICYP. 

After she left the peacekeeping force in Cyprus, the chief of the mission wrote a letter of appreciation to Pakistan Army Chief Gen. Asim Munir, recognizing Safdar’s efforts as a staff officer.

“I am really happy and really proud to have two certificates with me when I finish my UN mission,” she said. 

Safdar was also nominated for the 2023 UN Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award that “recognizes a military peacekeeper who has best integrated a gender perspective into peacekeeping activities.”

While the award went to Major Radhika Sen, an Indian peacekeeper deployed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Safdar said being nominated was achievement enough. 

“Because of all my performance, I was nominated for this award,” she said. 

“DREAM JOB”

Safdar hails from a small village in Pakistan’s Gujur Khan district and has a background in engineering. 

“It was not very common in our village for the ladies to go outside and to live in the hostels for higher education,” Safdar said. 

But her father, a retired teacher, encouraged her to join a post-graduate college in the city of Rawalpindi, from where she completed her Faculty of Science degree. 

“When I came to know that now there is an opportunity for ladies from the engineering department to join the army, so it was my dream job,” Safdar said. 

“Even after my BS [Bachelor of Science degree], I got the scholarship for my MS [Master of Science] education and it was a very good scholarship from abroad but I rejected that scholarship and I joined the military [in 2012].” 

But life has not always been easy for Safdar, who is married to an army officer and has two sons under the age of ten. Indeed, while she described her service in Cyprus as a “wonderful experience,” living thousands of miles away from her young family came with its own set of challenges:

“In the middle of the mission, my elder son was facing some medical problem … and I was so much worried and so much concerned that my family responsibilities were being compromised.”

At one point, the major considered quitting the mission but her husband and family motivated her to continue serving.

It has all worked out for the best, as she said her family and especially her children were proud of her. 

“When I visit their school they tell their class fellows, ‘Look, my mother is serving, my mother is in uniform,’ and sometimes they request me to, ‘Please come to our school and mama, please come in uniform’,” she said with a smile. 

“This is, I think, the most proud moment for me that my kids, my parents, and my husband, they are proud of me.”

In the future, Safdar hopes other young women will learn from her example and follow their passions with “determination and faith.”

“If you really want to do something just go for it,” she said, “take the initiative and Allah Almighty will never, ever waste your efforts.”


Pakistani PM says 7 million at risk from flooding in glacial lakes 

Updated 30 min 16 sec ago
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Pakistani PM says 7 million at risk from flooding in glacial lakes 

  • Pakistan boasts over 7,000 glaciers, one of the highest totals for any country in the world 
  • 2022 floods killed 1,700 people and affected more than 33 million, with economic losses over $30 billion

ISLAMABAD: Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif said on Tuesday over 3,000 lakes had been formed in Pakistan due to accelerated glacial melt, posing an increased risk of flooding and putting the lives of over seven million people at risk. 

Sharif was addressing a ceremony in connection with steps taken for the protection of glaciers in Baku where leaders of nearly 200 nations have gathered for COP29 climate talks this week. 

“Accelerated glacial melt has led to the formation of more than 3,000 glacial lakes in the northern part of Pakistan, beautiful though but at the same time posing great threat,” Sharif said in a speech. 

“It is estimated that out of these, 33 are at high risk of outburst flooding, putting at risk the lives of over 7 million people. This is a very grave situation and demands urgent action and now.”

The UN defines Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) as sudden events that can occur when glaciers melt and release millions of cubic meters of water and debris. In Pakistan, GLOFs can be a threat to the lives and livelihoods of people living in remote mountain areas, especially in the northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and northern Gilgit-Baltistan region.

Outside the polar region, Pakistan is the country with the highest number of glaciers in the world at over 7,000. However, a combination of climate change and air pollution, including from neighboring countries like India and China, has significantly contributed to the rapid melting of these glaciers, causing devastating floods that have affected Pakistan’s people, livelihoods and the economy.

In 2022, the country experienced an unprecedented deluge and unexpected monsoon rainfall. It resulted in one-third of the nation being submerged and claiming the lives of 1,700 people.

Pakistan estimates the floods affected more than 33 million people, mainly in the Sindh and Baluchistan provinces, and caused economic losses that exceeded $30 billion.


IMF delegation in Pakistan, discusses ‘key benchmarks’ of $7 billion loan program — official 

Updated 40 min 55 sec ago
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IMF delegation in Pakistan, discusses ‘key benchmarks’ of $7 billion loan program — official 

  • IMF has said Porter’s visit is not part of the first review of loan program
  • First review not scheduled to take place before the first quarter of 2025

ISLAMABAD: An International Monetary Fund (IMF) delegation is in Islamabad this week and will hold discussions with top Pakistani officials on the “key benchmarks” of a $7 billion loan program approved in September, a finance ministry official said on Tuesday.

The IMF delegation led by Pakistan mission chief Nathan Porter arrived in Islamabad on Monday on an unplanned visit. The team is expected to hold meetings until Friday with top officials from ministries such as finance and energy and the Federal Board of Revenue, the main tax collection agency, to collect data on “loan program performance to date,” a finance ministry official told Arab News, seeking anonymity. 

The IMF has said Porter’s visit is not part of the first review of the loan program, which is not scheduled to take place before the first quarter of 2025. 

“Some key benchmarks of the loan program will come under discussion during the meetings, as Islamabad faces some revenue shortfall and a recent botched attempt to privatize the Pakistan International Airlines,” the finance ministry official said. 

“Matters like external financing gap and reforms in the energy sector are also expected to be discussed with the IMF delegation.”

The IMF reached a staff-level agreement with Pakistan in July for a 37-month $7 billion bailout package, which the Fund’s Executive Board approved in September. This was the 25th loan program that Pakistan has obtained since 1958.

In a statement released on Tuesday, the ministry of finance said a delegation led by Porter had an “initial meeting” with finance minister Muhammad Aurangzeb.

Minister of State for Finance Ali Pervez Malik, Governor State Bank Jameel Ahmed, Federal Board of Revenue Chairman Rashid Mahmood Langrial and senior finance ministry officials were also present in the meeting, the ministry said.

Islamabad secured the bailout loan, critical to keeping its $350 billion fragile economy afloat, after taking painful measures such as hiking fuel and food prices and implementing reforms to broaden the country’s tax base and privatize state-owned entities.

“INTERIM CHECKS”

Pakistan’s macroeconomic conditions and investor sentiment have improved in recent months, which analysts say has led to a bullish trend in the country’s stock market.

Syed Atif Zafar, the chief economist at Topline Securities, said the IMF delegation’s meetings with Pakistani officials were part of “interim checks” to ensure a successful review of the loan facility next year. 

“The government failed to achieve the tax revenue target in the first quarter that has perhaps necessitated this IMF visit, but still the authorities have multiple options and time to overcome this gap,” he told Arab News. 

“The good thing at this point is that all structural and quantitative benchmarks of the loan program are on track.”

Tahir Abbas, a senior economist and head of research at Arif Habib Limited, said Pakistan last month requested the IMF for a $1 billion climate financing facility to mitigate climate risk, which would be discussed during the ongoing IMF visit.

“Pakistan’s revenue shortfall of around Rs200 billion ($720 million) in the first quarter has mainly necessitated this IMF visit,” he told Arab News. 

“The finance ministry will now inform the IMF delegation about the possible revenue measures to overcome the shortfall and cut the expenditures.”


After primary schools, Pakistan’s Punjab closes high schools as smog crisis deepens

Updated 12 November 2024
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After primary schools, Pakistan’s Punjab closes high schools as smog crisis deepens

  • Record air pollution has triggered hundreds of hospitalizations, school closures, lockdowns in Punjab this month 
  • On Tuesday, provincial capital Lahore, home to 13 million people, had worst air quality globally, according to IQAir

ISLAMABAD: The government of Punjab has closed all educational institutions in the province up to the higher secondary level from tomorrow, Wednesday, until the end of the week because of record-breaking smog that has already prompted the closure of primary schools and government offices and has sickened tens of thousands of people.

Record-high air pollution levels have triggered hundreds of hospitalizations, junior school closures and stay-at-home orders in several districts of Punjab, including the provincial capital of Lahore, which has been enveloped in a thick, toxic smog since last month.

On Tuesday, Lahore, home to 13 million people, had the worst air quality of any city in the world, according to live readings by IQAir, a Swiss air quality monitoring company.

“All the educational institutions […] up to higher secondary level shall remain closed and will shift to online mode with effect from Nov 13 within […] DG Khan, Bahawalpur, Sahiwal, Sargodha and Rawalpindi divisions […] till Nov 17,” the province’s Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) said in a notification issued on Tuesday, ordering schools to shift to “online mode.” 

In Pakistan, the higher secondary level refers to upper secondary education, which includes grades 11 and 12. It is also known as intermediate education.

Speaking to reporters, Punjab Education Minister Rana Sikandar Hayat said the decision to close higher secondary institutes was taken “in light of the complaints received from the district.”

“This drastic decision had to be taken to protect children from the deadly effects,” he said. “There is a sense of educational loss, but the decision to close educational institutions is being taken out of compulsion.

Primary schools and government offices had already been closed until Nov. 17 in many districts of Punjab earlier this month, with school closures likely to affect the education of more than 20 million students, according to associations representing private and government schools.

Authorities in 18 districts of Punjab also closed all public parks, zoos and museums, historical places, and playgrounds for ten days last week. 

On Friday, a court in Lahore ordered the government to shut all markets after 8pm. Authorities have already banned barbecuing food without filters and ordered wedding halls to close by 10pm.

On Monday, the UN children’s agency said the health of 11 million children in Punjab province was in danger because of air pollution

“Prior to these record-breaking levels of air pollution, about 12 percent of deaths in children under 5 in Pakistan were due to air pollution,” UNICEF’s representative in Pakistan, Abdullah Fadil, said. 

“The impact of this year’s extraordinary smog will take time to assess, but we know that doubling and tripling the amount of pollution in the air will have devastating effects, particularly on children and pregnant women.”


Bus carrying wedding guests falls into river in northern Pakistan, killing 18

Updated 12 November 2024
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Bus carrying wedding guests falls into river in northern Pakistan, killing 18

  • Accident took place on Gilgit Baltistan region as bus was heading to Chakwal in Punjab 
  • So far only one woman had been found alive and was being treated at hospital, officials say 

MANSEHRA, Pakistan: A bus carrying about two dozen wedding guests fell into the Indus River in northern Pakistan on Tuesday, killing at least 18 people, officials said.
It happened in the Gilgit Baltistan region as the bus was heading to Chakwal, a city in Punjab province, government spokesman Faizullah Farqan said.
He said a search for bodies continued, and so far only one woman had been found alive and was being treated at a hospital.
Police said it was unclear what caused the crash, and officers were yet to record the lone survivor’s statement.
Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari offered condolences and asked rescuers to expedite efforts to find missing passengers.
Road accidents are common in Pakistan due to poor infrastructure and disregard for traffic laws and safety standards. In August, 36 people were killed and dozens of others were injured in two separate bus crashes.