Global leaders rally for urgent climate action as COP29 opens in Baku

COP29 is being held in Baku, Azerbaijan. UN Climate Change
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Updated 11 November 2024
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Global leaders rally for urgent climate action as COP29 opens in Baku

  • Azerbaijan’s Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources, Mukhtar Babayev, took over the presidency from Sultan Ahmed Al-Jaber, who led the previous summit in Dubai last year
  • Babayev underscored the critical need for increased funding for climate efforts

RIYADH: Global leaders called for increased funding, more carbon markets, and greater international cooperation to address the escalating environmental crisis, as the 29th UN Climate Summit officially began in Azerbaijan.

During the opening day of COP29, Azerbaijan’s Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources, Mukhtar Babayev, took over the presidency from Sultan Ahmed Al-Jaber, who led the previous summit in Dubai last year. 

In his address at the gathering in Baku, Babayev stated that the world is already experiencing the negative impacts of climate change and stressed the importance of international collaboration to combat these challenges. 

He emphasized that the primary goal of the COP29 presidency is to agree on a fair, ambitious, and collective climate finance target that is both effective and sufficient to address the scale and urgency of the crisis. 

“We understand the political and financial constraints. These numbers may sound big, but they are nothing compared to the cost of inaction. These investments pay off,” he said. 




Azerbaijan’s Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources, Mukhtar Babayev. UN Climate Change

Babayev also highlighted the importance of finalizing Article 6 of the 2015 Paris Agreement, which focuses on the development of carbon markets where countries, companies and individuals can trade greenhouse gas emissions credits. 

That deal called for limiting the global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. 

“We are determined to get Article 6 in high-integrity carbon markets over the line. Article 6 is long overdue, and it will help protect the planet by matching buyers and sellers efficiently. We need to get this right, and we need to get this done on time, including transitioning away from fossil fuels in a just and orderly manner,” added the COP29 president. 

Babayev also underscored the critical need for increased funding for climate efforts, urging governments, the private sector, and multilateral financial institutions to collaborate to meet the Paris Agreement’s goals. 

“COP29 is a moment of truth for the Paris Agreement. It will test our commitment to the multilateral climate system. We must now demonstrate that we are prepared to meet the goals we have set for ourselves,” said Babayev. 

He added that the world should accelerate investments in the energy sector today to save tomorrow. 

“We are on a road to ruin. But these are not future problems. Climate change is already here. Whether you see it or not, people are suffering in the shadows. They are dying in the dark, and they need more than compassion, more than prayers, and more than paperwork. They are crying out for leadership and action,” said Babayev. 

He added: “No single country or initiative can solve this crisis. This is everyone’s conference. Success or failure will be collective. Azerbaijan can build a bridge, but you all need to walk across it. In fact, we need to start running. Let us move forward in solidarity for a green world.” 




Babayev took over the presidency from the UAE’s Sultan Ahmed Al-Jaber. UN Climate Change

Impacts of climate change 

During the opening ceremony, Simon Stiell, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, warned that global warming is affecting every aspect of human life, urging immediate action to mitigate further damage. 

“Do you want your grocery and energy bills to go up even more? Do you want your country to become economically uncompetitive? Do you really want even further global instability, costing precious lives? This crisis is affecting every single individual in the world in one way or another,” said Stiell. 

He added: “We must agree on a new global climate finance goal. If at least two-thirds of the world’s nations cannot afford to cut emissions quickly, then every nation pays a brutal price.” 

Stiell emphasized that climate finance is not charity but a matter of self-interest for every nation, including the wealthiest. 

“We must work harder to reform the global financial system, giving countries the fiscal space they so desperately need,” he said. 

Stiell also highlighted the importance of finalizing Article 6 and said that international carbon markets will play a crucial role in accelerating the energy transition journey. 

“We need to move forward on mitigation, so targets from Dubai are realized. We mustn’t let 1.5 degrees Celsius slip out of reach. And even as temperatures rise, the implementation of our agreements must claw them back,” said Stiell. 

He noted that clean energy infrastructure investments are expected to reach $2 trillion in 2024, nearly double that of fossil fuels. 

Stiell also emphasized the global responsibility to accelerate the transition to renewable energy and ensure that the benefits are shared by all countries and people. 

“We must agree on adaptation indicators. You can’t manage what you don’t measure. We need to know if we’re on a pathway to increasing resilience. We must continue to improve the new mechanisms for financial and technical support on loss and damage,” he said. 




Simon Stiell, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. UN Climate Change

Stiell also stressed the importance of transparency to meet climate goals, with Biennial Transparency Reports, due this year, expected to provide a clearer picture of progress in the climate action journey. 

Stiell added: “Now is the time to show that global cooperation is not down for the count. It’s rising to this moment. So, let’s rise together.”

Journey since COP28 

In a brief address during the opening ceremony, Sultan Al-Jaber, president of COP28, reflected on the successes of last year’s summit, noting the momentum gained through climate initiatives launched in Dubai. 

“By delivering the historic, comprehensive, balanced, and groundbreaking UAE Consensus, we accomplished what many thought was impossible. In the months since COP28, the initiatives we launched have gathered real momentum and pace,” said Al-Jaber. 

He added that the world is set to break another record on renewable energy growth this year, adding over 500 gigawatts to global capacity. 

“Fifty-five companies have now joined the oil and gas decarbonization charter, committing to zero methane emissions by 2030, and net zero by or before 2050,” said Al-Jaber. 

During COP28, nearly 200 countries agreed to work toward an ambitious set of global energy objectives as part of the outcome known as the UAE Consensus, pledging to achieve net zero emissions from the global energy sector by 2050. 

The promise also includes transitioning away from fossil fuels, tripling renewable energy capacity, and doubling the rate of energy efficiency improvements by the end of this decade. 

Al-Jaber, who is also the UAE Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology, stressed the importance of cross-sector cooperation to meet climate goals. 

“Earlier this month in Abu Dhabi, we convened experts in climate, energy, artificial intelligence, finance, and investment in an integrated effort to drive low-carbon growth. When sectors work together, we can lift economies and lower emissions. We can make climate and socio-economic progress together at the same time,” he said. 

Al-Jaber also highlighted the progress of Alterra, the world’s largest global catalytic climate fund, which has already allocated $6.5 billion of its $30 billion fund. 

“We have also made progress on the loss and damage fund. $853 million has been pledged to date. The consensus we achieved in Dubai was truly historic. History will judge us by our actions, not by our words,” said Al-Jaber. 

“Let positivity prevail and let it power the process. Let actions speak louder than words. Let results outlast the rhetoric. We are what we do, not what we say,” he added.


Saudi Arabia launches company to transform Asir into global tourism hub

Updated 14 November 2024
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Saudi Arabia launches company to transform Asir into global tourism hub

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s Asir region has launched a new tourism venture through a partnership with the aim of creating a holding company to transform the area into a global tourist destination.

The collaboration between Aseer Investment Co., a subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund, and Rikaz Real Estate, aligns with the goal of transforming Asir into a world-class tourist destination that combines authentic heritage with sustainable development, according to the Saudi Press Agency.

The holding company seeks to contribute to enhancing a tourism environment that enriches guests’ experiences with unique offerings, connecting visitors to local culture and community traditions, SPA reported.

It is also committed to promoting sustainable tourism by protecting the environment, developing local communities, and collaborating with artisans and local businesses to preserve the authenticity of Asir’s heritage.

In October, the Kingdom’s Abha city secured a new investment partnership to boost tourism by developing culturally rich dining and retail experiences. 

PIF firm Aseer Investment Co. signed the deal with Nimr Real Estate and the National Co. for Tourism, or Syahya, to propel the project, the Saudi Press Agency reported. 

This aligns with the objectives of developing Abha, which will offer a range of benefits, including retail stores that reflect the cultural heritage of the Asir region.

The partnership also seeks to be a model for multiple collaborations with private sector investors and create more regional job opportunities.

Investments in the region are expected to create between 14,000 and 18,000 job prospects and contribute to up to 6 percent of the non-oil gross domestic product within 10 years, as outlined by AIC Chief Executive Osama Al-Othman in February.

Saudi Arabia emerged as a leader in tourism growth among G20 nations, experiencing a 73 percent increase in international visitors in the first seven months of 2024 compared to 2019.

According to the UN World Tourism Barometer report in September, the Kingdom welcomed 17.5 million international tourists during this timeframe, showcasing its growing allure as a global travel destination.

This surge is part of the nation’s Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to diversify the economy and reduce dependence on oil revenues.

“Saudi Arabia cements its global leadership and takes the first spot among G20 countries in international tourist arrivals growth, with a 73 percent increase in the first seven months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2019,” stated the Saudi Tourism Ministry on X.

Under the National Tourism Strategy, the Kingdom aims to attract 150 million visitors by 2030 and increase the sector’s contribution to the nation’s gross domestic product from 6 percent to 10 percent.

These goals reflect the country’s commitment to strengthening its tourism sector and enhancing its global appeal.


IMF, Saudi Arabia announce new annual conference tackling global economic challenges

Updated 14 November 2024
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IMF, Saudi Arabia announce new annual conference tackling global economic challenges

RIYADH: The International Monetary Fund and Saudi Arabia will jointly organize a high-level annual conference in AlUla to discuss global economic challenges, it has been announced.

The AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies will bring together a select group of finance ministers, central bank governors, and policymakers, along with leaders from the public and private sectors, representatives from international institutions, and members of academia.

According to a joint statement by Kristalina Georgieva, managing director of IMF and the Minister of Finance Mohammed Al-Jadaan, the first edition of this series will be held from Feb. 16-17, 2025.

“The world is confronting deeper and more frequent shocks, including from conflicts, geoeconomic fragmentation, pandemics, climate change, food insecurity, and the digital divide,” according to the statement.

They continued: “If not addressed adequately, these shocks put at risk emerging market economies’ hard-won improvements in living standards. Such setbacks would affect large segments of the world population and put at risk global growth and macro-financial stability.”

The gathering will offer a platform to exchange views on domestic, regional, and global economic developments and discuss policies and reforms to spur inclusive prosperity and build resilience supported by international cooperation.

Recent economic issues affecting the global landscape include rising inflation rates, driven by supply chain disruptions and increased demand for goods post-pandemic.

Supply chain delays continue to impact the availability of essential products, causing bottlenecks in manufacturing and increasing costs.

Additionally, geopolitical conflicts, such as the war in Gaza, have disrupted energy supplies and food exports, leading to global food insecurity and fuel price volatility.

Concerns over the using the Red Sea shipping lane increased dramatically at the end of 2023, when Houthi militants stepped up attacks on vessels in the wake of the escalation of the Israel-Hamas conflict.

The effects of these challenges pose significant risks to economic stability, especially for emerging markets that are more vulnerable to such global shocks.

The AlUla conference is the latest example of the growing relationship between Saudi Arabia and the IMF, with the organization in April establishing its first office in the Middle East and North Africa region in Riyadh.

The facility was launched during the Joint Regional Conference on Industrial Policy for Diversification, jointly organized by the IMF and the Ministry of Finance, on April 24.

The new office aims to strengthen capacity building, regional surveillance, and outreach to foster stability, growth, and integration, thereby promoting partnerships in the Middle East and beyond, according to the Saudi Press Agency.

The work hub will promote closer collaboration between the IMF and regional institutions, governments, and other stakeholders, according to the SPA report.

The IMF also expressed its gratitude to the Kingdom for its financial contribution aimed at supporting capacity development in member countries, including fragile states.


Closing Bell: Saudi Arabia’s TASI ends in the red, trading volume hits $2.95bn

Updated 14 November 2024
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Closing Bell: Saudi Arabia’s TASI ends in the red, trading volume hits $2.95bn

RIYADH: The Tadawul All Share Index concluded the last session of the week at 11,791.18 points, down by 139.27 points or 1.17 percent.

The MSCI Tadawul 30 Index also saw a decline, dropping 19.18 points to close at 1,481.36, reflecting a 1.28 percent loss. In contrast, the parallel market Nomu finished Thursday’s trading at 29,467.71 points, up 262.18 points or 0.90 percent.

TASI reported a trading volume of SR11.10 billion ($2.95 billion), with 51 stocks advancing and 182 declining. The top performer of the day was Saudi Cable Co., which saw its share price surge by 5.10 percent to SR92.70.

Other strong performers included Shatirah House Restaurant Co., which gained 3.75 percent to reach SR21, and Arabian Mills for Food Products Co., which rose by 3.08 percent to SR53.60. Naseej International Trading Co. and Saudi Real Estate Co. also posted notable gains.

The worst performer was Saudi Real Estate Co., which dropped 4.94 percent to close at SR10. Alkhaleej Training and Education Co. and Red Sea International Co. also suffered significant losses, with their share prices falling by 4.90 percent to SR29.10 and 4.84 percent to SR68.80, respectively. Astra Industrial Group and Al-Omran Industrial Trading Co. were also among the day’s largest decliners.

On the parallel market, Nomu, Alqemam for Computer Systems Co. was the top gainer, rising by 9.57 percent to SR103. Other gainers included Dar Almarkabah for Renting Cars Co., which climbed 9.10 percent to SR42.55, and Horizon Educational Co., which rose by 7.58 percent to SR79.50. Mulkia Investment Co. and Knowledge Tower Trading Co. also saw significant increases.

On the losing side of Nomu, WSM for Information Technology Co. recorded the largest drop, with its share price falling by 6.18 percent to SR44. Osool and Bakheet Investment Co. and Natural Gas Distribution Co. also experienced notable declines, with their shares dropping by 5.37 percent to SR37.85 and 5 percent to SR57, respectively.

 


Leaders stress urgent need for climate finance at COP29 ministerial dialogue

Updated 14 November 2024
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Leaders stress urgent need for climate finance at COP29 ministerial dialogue

RIYADH: Global climate finance continues to fall short of expectations, as leaders gathered at the COP29 Ministerial Dialogue on Climate Finance to address ongoing challenges and map out next steps.

The meeting, held in Baku, Azerbaijan, underscored the urgent need for increased and more effective funding mechanisms. COP29 President Mukhtar Babayev emphasized that climate finance plays a central role in the broader negotiations.

“The urgency of the situation is evident,” Babayev remarked, pointing to the severe impacts of climate change observed over the past year. “Recently, we witnessed catastrophic flooding in Spain, and in the Pacific region, island communities are faced with the possibility of being wiped out entirely. We must act now; failure to do so will have grave human and economic costs.”

The president stressed the importance of fulfilling the $100 billion-per-year commitment made in Copenhagen and reiterated in Paris, urging leaders to reflect on lessons learned and consider the quality and allocation of financial resources.

Developing countries once again voiced the need for tangible action, with Fiji’s Deputy Prime Minister Biman Prasad highlighting the importance of aligning climate finance with the goals of the Paris Agreement.

“This is a ‘put your money where your mouth is’ moment,” Prasad said. “The 1.5°C temperature goal and the Paris Agreement itself will not be deliverable from both an economic and scientific perspective if we do not invest right. The New Collective Quantified Goal is critical for aligning our priorities and addressing major inconsistencies,” he added.

The EU reaffirmed its commitment to climate finance, noting that the $100 billion goal was first collectively met in 2022, with contributions reaching $115.9 billion.

“The EU and its member states contributed €28.5 billion, or around $30 billion, in climate finance from public sources,” a representative said. “Almost half of the public funding came in the form of grants, with a significant portion provided on concessional terms. We need to make further efforts to facilitate the mobilization of private funding, as it remains a key source of climate finance,” the representative added.

Simon Stiell, executive secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, emphasized the critical juncture at which the global community now finds itself.

“The huge opportunities we have and the terrible risks we face are real,” Stiell said. “It’s time to take action to bridge gaps, solve problems, and come together to ensure climate finance and climate action benefit everyone.”

Sweden also announced a significant new contribution, with Ministerial representatives unveiling an $8 billion Swedish krona ($723.6 million) pledge to the second replenishment of the Green Climate Fund.

“This makes Sweden the largest per capita donor to the GCF among the larger donors,” the Swedish representative noted.

As discussions progressed, leaders acknowledged the widening gap between current financial commitments and the funds required to meet the 1.5°C target. There were calls for more robust mobilization of both public and private finance.

The COP29 president concluded: “Delivering the climate fairness that developing countries need is one of the main metrics of shared success. We can learn from past efforts to inform the road ahead, but significant determination and leadership from all parties are required to bridge these critical gaps.”


IsDB, multilateral banks aim for $120bn in annual climate finance by 2030

Updated 14 November 2024
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IsDB, multilateral banks aim for $120bn in annual climate finance by 2030

RIYADH: Multilateral development banks are aiming to mobilize $120 billion annually by 2030 for climate financing in low- and middle-income countries, according to recent projections.

This ambitious funding goal includes $42 billion dedicated to climate adaptation efforts, with an additional $65 billion expected to come from private sector investments.

The target was unveiled in a joint statement issued during COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, by several prominent MDBs, including the Islamic Development Bank, African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the Development Bank of the Council of Europe, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the European Investment Bank. Additionally, the Inter-American Development Bank, the New Development Bank, and the World Bank Group are part of the initiative.

The statement emphasized that setting a strong, collective climate finance target is crucial to meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement.

“A new collective quantitative target on climate finance that is both strong and ambitious is essential to achieving the Paris Agreement’s objectives,” the statement read. “We urge parties to reach a robust conclusion on this target.”

For high-income countries, the MDBs have set a target of $50 billion in annual climate finance, including $7 billion specifically for adaptation, with private sector mobilization expected to generate an additional $65 billion. This new target builds on the success of previous climate finance goals, with MDBs already surpassing their climate financing projections for 2025. Since 2019, the MDBs have increased direct climate finance by 25 percent and doubled climate mobilization efforts over the past year.

In response to the urgent need for enhanced climate action, the MDBs also emphasized the importance of establishing a new collective quantitative target for climate finance at COP29. The institutions highlighted their commitment to ensuring that the finance provided leads to meaningful, measurable impacts on both climate mitigation and adaptation.

To further enhance the effectiveness of climate finance, the MDBs released the “Common Approach to Measuring Climate Outcomes,” a framework that provides standardized indicators for tracking global progress on climate mitigation and adaptation. This framework aims to better align MDB activities with global climate goals and improve transparency in measuring outcomes.

Additionally, the MDBs published their “Country Climate Action Platforms,” reaffirming their commitment to strengthening collaboration between host countries, MDBs, donors, and the private sector. These platforms are designed to ensure that climate finance is targeted effectively and that developing countries have the support they need to implement robust climate policies.

COP29 has emerged as a critical moment in global climate negotiations, especially for the Global South, where developing nations are pushing for significant climate financing, stronger adaptation measures, and equitable policy outcomes. These countries continue to advocate for a climate finance framework based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, recognizing that nations’ contributions should reflect their respective capabilities and historical responsibilities.