SAN FRANCISCO: Silicon Valley’s biggest businesses could face tougher regulations following Britain’s decision to withdraw from the European Union, and some might have to leave London to attract the best employees.
Many US tech companies now count on Europe for a quarter or more of their business. Beyond facing a financial downturn as the pound’s value erodes, these companies might find Europe a more challenging environment in which to do business.
It could take a year or two before the picture becomes clear. For now, what’s certain is the UK’s exit will be complex and unprecedented, with repercussions crossing the Atlantic and reaching all the way to the US West Coast.
Meanwhile, UK tech companies might have to leave the country to follow their customers and funding sources.
Here are some ways US and UK tech companies might be affected:
SILICON VALLEY COULD LOSE A MODERATING VOICE
In recent years, the EU’s chief antitrust cop has accused Google of thwarting competition by using its dominant search engine to drive traffic to its own services. Apple and other US companies face allegations they haven’t been paying their fair share of taxes in certain European countries. And the EU is adopting stricter rules limiting how much personal information online ad companies such as Google and Facebook can collect from Europeans.
While those companies declined or didn’t respond to requests for comment, industry groups say that US tech companies could face even tougher rules without Britain serving as a moderating counterbalance against Germany, France and other countries that prefer even stricter oversight.
For example, France has pushed Google to meet a more expansive interpretation of an EU court ruling that requires Internet companies to recognize an individual’s “right to be forgotten.”
Under the ruling and subsequent guidance from EU regulators, Google has removed search results that link to online information about individuals who complain that the information is outdated or unnecessarily invades their privacy. Google makes those results invisible to anyone searching from Europe, but French authorities want the company to go further and hide results worldwide, even outside EU jurisdiction.
A NEW SET OF REGULATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The exit could give tech companies a chance to lobby UK policy makers directly, and it throws into question, at least in Britain, stricter EU privacy rules due to take effect in 2018.
But it also could make things more complex and expensive by giving US companies yet another set of rules to comply with.
For the next few years, companies will face uncertainty, which research firm Forrester said will impede companies’ ability to tailor services and advertising based on personal data.
It’s possible for Britain to sign treaties in which it agrees to follow EU policies on data protection or other issues. In a statement, the British Information Commissioner’s Office said the UK would have to show it meets European privacy standards if it wants to trade with EU countries on equal terms. Norway and Switzerland have such arrangements. But even if the UK goes this route, it wouldn’t have the same influence shaping the rules.
BORDER CONTROLS COULD DRIVE OUT US COMPANIES
Many US tech firms have their European headquarters and data centers in Ireland, in part for legal and tax reasons. But several have big sales operations and teams of software developers in London, in part because it’s easier to hire people there, given that city’s attractiveness to immigrants from the rest of Europe.
“The free movement of workers between the UK and the EU arguably made London into the top tech startup talent pool in all of Europe,” US research firm CB Insights said in a report.
CB Insights warned of a “brain drain” if the UK’s exit results in stricter immigration controls.
While some leading US tech companies were publicly neutral on the vote, Microsoft had spoken out against withdrawal. Michel Van der Bel, Microsoft’s chief executive for the UK, warned in a May 17 blog post that staying in the EU was an “important criteria for continued and future investment by Microsoft and others.” Microsoft declined comment following last week’s vote.
Meanwhile, Amazon.com Inc. and other tech companies may have to re-evaluate their use of the UK as a major distribution hub if it becomes more difficult to ship products across borders to the rest of Europe. Morningstar analyst R. J. Hottovy said cross-border delays could also hurt UK merchants that use Amazon as an online sales outlet. Amazon declined comment.
UK TECH COMPANIES MAY ALSO LEAVE
Tech firms based in London could also see an exodus by some of their biggest customers — banks and financial services companies, which are expected to head for the continent if Britain’s decision leads to new tariffs or other barriers to financial transactions. Crawford del Prete, a tech industry analyst with research firm IDC, said tech companies like to be close to their customers and might follow them out.
Funding for new tech startups could also dry up in Britain. The United Kingdom has been a center for European venture funding, according to CB Insights, but much of that comes from investment funds financed in part by the EU.
Mark Mulligan, a media analyst at London-based Midia Research, said replacing access to such funds with British alternatives “could take a couple of years, which is a lifetime in the startup world.”
Britain’s exit could make Europe less friendly to US tech firms
Britain’s exit could make Europe less friendly to US tech firms
Vision 2030 propels Saudi Arabia to forefront of global investment, says economy minister
RIYADH: Saudi Arabia has established itself as a global growth platform for investments, driven by the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 program, which has propelled the expansion of sectors like tourism, a senior minister said.
Speaking at the World Investment Conference in Riyadh, Saudi Minister of Economy and Planning Faisal Al-Ibrahim highlighted that evolving sectors like tourism are playing a crucial role in sustaining the momentum of the Kingdom’s non-oil economy.
The National Tourism Strategy, initially targeting 100 million visitors annually by 2030, surpassed its goal in 2023, prompting the Kingdom to revise its target to 150 million visitors by the decade’s end.
Tourism’s gross domestic product contribution is set to rise from 6 percent to 10 percent, underlining its impact on Saudi Arabia’s economic trajectory.
Al-Ibrahim attributed this progress to deliberate diversification efforts, emphasizing that Vision 2030 has enabled the Kingdom to unlock inherent potential and foster collaborations with private and global partners.
“Saudi Arabia, today is a global growth platform. Maybe actually today, the Kingdom is ‘the’ global growth platform. And, we have been lucky enough to prove the power of diversification over the last few years. Tourism is growing fast, and it is helping Saudi Arabia’s non-oil growth remain steady and high for the past 15 quarters,” said Al-Ibrahim.
He added: “Saudi Vision 2030 is producing results and returns. We are unlocking immense inherent potential everywhere we go.”
Al-Ibrahim also mentioned that they had “a strong and deliberate start with Vision 2030.” He explained that since then, much of what had happened had been built on political will, cascading with various constituents, and collaboration with the private sector. This, he noted, “has led to the momentum we see today.”
Al-Ibrahim also underscored that non-oil activities now constitute 52 percent of Saudi Arabia’s real gross domestic product, with the Kingdom’s fixed capital formation climbing to 25 percent of GDP, up from less than 12 percent pre-Vision 2030.
According to the minister, Saudi Arabia is connecting people and countries to new markets by offering an investment-friendly environment.
“Saudi Arabia is becoming a more competitive and foundational platform for people who want to access new markets. The Kingdom is playing, not an anchor of stability role, but actually a promoter and driver of stability,” said Al-Ibrahim.
Discussing global cooperation, the minister noted that Saudi Arabia has been invited to join BRICS, but the decision is currently under assessment, with the final outcome to be unveiled in due course.
He added that Saudi Arabia is unique in opening new sectors, such as entertainment, while also strengthening existing industries like energy, defense, and healthcare.
“We have many sectors that existed before, but there is a lot of knowledge that has been accumulated in these sectors. We are moving from traditional hydrocarbon energy to renewables, to carbon removals, to green hydrogen, which requires a lot of innovation and collaboration,” said Al-Ibrahim.
Earlier this month, a report from the Kingdom’s Ministry of Investment highlighted that the entertainment sector is expected to create 450,000 jobs and contribute 4.2 percent of GDP by 2030.
The report also revealed that the entertainment sector is driving growth in tourism, with inbound visitors reaching 6.2 million in 2023, a 153.3 percent increase from the previous year.
IsDB’s efforts
During the same panel discussion, Muhammad Sulaiman Al-Jasser, chairman of the Islamic Development Bank Group, emphasized the institution’s efforts to empower its member countries’ growth.
Al-Jasser underscored the importance of basic infrastructure development as a foundation for economic progress, especially among IsDB member nations.
“We at the IsDB are very much concerned about the evolution of our member countries in terms of economic growth and development. We also know that the most basic element of any economic development starts with basic infrastructure,” said Al-Jasser.
He added: “We listen very carefully to our members. We don’t tell them what they need to do. But we listen to them and agree on the activities and strategic projects.”
Al-Jasser stressed the need for strong policy frameworks to attract investors.
“We have to advise our members that predictability of policies and robustness of regulatory frameworks are very important. Because investors have so many options, they will pick and choose. They will cherry-pick,” he added.
Since its inception in 1975, IsDB has financed projects worth over $190 billion across member countries while maintaining a ‘AAA’ credit rating.
In July, Moody’s affirmed the bank’s AAA rating with a stable outlook, citing its strong risk profile, low leverage, and robust liquid assets relative to debt.
Regional perspectives
Speaking at the same panel discussion, Samir Abdelhafidh, Tunisia’s minister of economy and planning, said that the country considers trade and foreign direct investment key potential drivers for economic growth and development.
Abdelhafidh added that Saudi Arabia and Tunisia could potentially collaborate in multiple industries, including renewable energy, transport and logistics, minerals, tourism, and the information technology sector.
For his part, Hassan El-Khatib, Egypt’s minister of investment and foreign trade, said that the country is implementing the right policies to attract foreign direct investment, which will play a crucial role in catalyzing its economic growth.
El-Khatib also invited private companies to invest in Egypt, stating that the country offers clarity and predictability in policies, which could boost investor confidence.
Supply chain reforms, demographic shifts among key investment drivers: Al-Falih
RIYADH: Sustainability, technological disruption, and supply chain decentralization are redefining global investment dynamics, Saudi Arabia’s investment minister said at an event in Riyadh.
Speaking at the 28th World Investment Conference in Riyadh, Khalid Al-Falih noted that while the global economy is recovering from headwinds, challenges such as geopolitical tensions continue to create instability.
Running from Nov. 25 to 27, WIC 2024 is focused on digital transformation and sustainable growth, and unites global leaders to discuss investment policies shaping future economies.
Addressing attendees, Al-Falih said: “There are four major trends that will play a crucial role in shaping the global investment landscape. The first is the importance of investment in sustainability. The second is the unprecedented technological disruption unfolding in front of our own eyes.”
He added: “The third global trend is the steady reconfiguration of the global supply chain, with the decentralization of supply chains creating hubs in emerging regions that offer new opportunities for investments, infrastructure, and new production capacity.”
According to the minister, the fourth global trend is demographics, where entities will invest money where talent is available and consumption is high.
Al-Falih acknowledged both opportunities and challenges for global investment, citing issues such as geopolitical instability and trade barriers but emphasized progress in inflation containment, capital market growth, and consumer confidence restoration.
“We are confronted with crosswinds to global investments — driven forward on one hand by the tech revolution, booming stock markets, and the onset of promising monetary policies, while constrained on the other hand by geopolitical instabilities, trade barriers, and talent and skill shortages,” said Al-Falih.
“Let me remind all of us that investments require sound and deliberate stewardship,” he said.
Saudi Arabia has made strides under Vision 2030, with gross domestic product up 70 percent to $1.1 trillion, with half of that driven by non-oil activities.
Al-Falih said that foreign direct investment flows have tripled, and over 550 international firms have established regional headquarters in the Kingdom, surpassing targets.
This came as the Kingdom offered businesses various incentives if they relocated their Middle East-bases to Riyadh, including a 30-year exemption from corporate income tax and access to discounts and support services.
In November, US-based Morgan Stanley secured approval to establish its regional headquarters in Saudi Arabia, followed by Citi Group.
The Kingdom also launched the premium residency program to welcome international investors and talented people. “In the last three years alone, 1,200 investors have been awarded these premium residencies, allowing them to be treated as if they are in their own countries,” said Khalid Al-Falih.
Global appreciation
At the conference’s opening ceremony, Nivruti Rai, managing director and CEO of Invest India and president of the World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies, lauded Saudi Arabia’s diversification efforts.
“Vision 2030 entails growth through technology, growth through greenification, and growth that also enables tourism, including spiritual tourism,” said Rai.
She added: “In 1938, Saudi Arabia discovered oil. I am so happy that today we are dreaming of NEOM, a smart city built on technology. To enable that, the one way — and only way — is to unite and ignite the passion that drives digital transformation and the passion that harnesses sustainability.”
Rai also highlighted the importance of a green future, noting the need for a mix of energy sources to sustain growth.
“We all have to work toward greenification, because the world knows that power is directly proportional to GDP. The input to growth is power,” she said.
Emergence of new markets
James Zhan, chair and executive director of the World Investment Conference, emphasized the transformative trends shaping the global economy.
“We are now witnessing the emergence of new markets, new funding sources, new business models, and new industries. All this offers immense potential for global investment promotion and business facilitation,” said Zhan.
WAIPA’s executive director and CEO, Ismail Ersahin, stressed the significance of WIC in fostering collaboration and actionable outcomes.
“World Investment Conference is not just a place where we share our experiences, but now we are also addressing investors and telling them, ‘Here are the opportunities, so you should participate,’” said Ersahin.
New investment paradigms
In a separate press statement, Ersahin said that WIC 2024 comes at an “important moment in the global economy,” noting that as the international community navigates the nuances of digital transformation and the push for sustainable growth, the event serves as an essential platform for leaders to explore new investment paradigms shaping the future.
He added: “The need for investment promotion agencies to drive economic development and foster foreign direct investment has never been more critical. By bringing together key global stakeholders in international development and investment, we are creating an environment where strategic partnerships and actionable solutions can flourish.”
The conference is hosted by Invest Saudi, the national investment promotion brand overseen by the Saudi Investment Promotion Authority, and focuses on scaling investment opportunities while offering participants practical tools and connections to drive impactful outcomes.
UAE banking sector sees 3.9% growth in deposits
- Aggregate loan-to-deposit ratio decreased by 0.3 percentage points
RIYADH: The UAE banking sector recorded a 3.9 percent quarterly increase in deposits during the third quarter, driven primarily by a 5.6 percent rise in time deposits, according to a recent report. This solid growth in deposits outpaced the 3.5 percent rise in loans and advances over the same period.
Retail borrowing was the key driver behind the loan growth, with retail lending increasing by 4.9 percent quarter on quarter.
However, profitability for the UAE’s leading banks declined, as impairment charges surged by 124.9 percent quarter on quarter, reaching 2.9 billion dirhams ($789.5 million), according to Alvarez & Marsal, a global professional services firm.
This sharp increase in impairments led to a 5.5 percent drop in net income, causing a contraction in return on equity by 223 basis points and a decline in return on assets by 16 basis points.
Asad Ahmed, managing director of financial services at Alvarez & Marsal, warned that the sector faces challenges amid shifting monetary policies and economic conditions.
“While lending growth continues, the sector faces challenges with higher impairment charges and cost efficiencies. The focus on digitalization and strategic cost management will be crucial for sustaining profitability and capital strength in the coming quarters,” Ahmed said.
He added: “As anticipated, the Central Bank of the UAE cut its benchmark interest rate by 50bps in Q3’24 to 4.9 percent, in line with the US Fed. Despite some headwinds, cues from management guidance indicate optimism on lending growth momentum to continue while impairments take a cautious outlook.”
The aggregate loan-to-deposit ratio decreased by 0.3 percentage points quarter on quarter, settling at 75.5 percent, as deposit growth outpaced loan growth.
Despite these challenges, total operating income grew by 3.5 percent quarter on quarter, driven by a 7.4 percent increase in non-interest income and an 11.8 percent rise in other operating income. Net interest income also saw a modest 1.5 percent increase during the same period.
Cost-efficiency metrics worsened during the quarter, with six out of the top 10 banks reporting higher operating expenses. The cost-to-income ratio rose by 99 basis points to 29 percent, as operating expenses increased by 7.1 percent, outpacing the 3.5 percent growth in operating income.
The cost of risk also worsened, rising by 30 basis points quarter on quarter to 0.6 percent. This marked a reversal from the second quarter, when the cost of risk had reached a multi-year low of 0.3 percent.
Total impairments rose significantly to 2.9 billion dirhams in the third quarter, compared to 1.3 billion dirhams in the second quarter.
Despite these challenges, the sector’s overall capital adequacy ratio remained strong at 17.9 percent, reflecting an increase of 0.37 percentage points quarter on quarter.
Investment strategies must align with SDGs to drive sustainable global growth, WIC hears
RIYADH: Investment strategies must be compatible with sustainable development goals to ensure economically viable and environmentally responsible global growth, a top official said at the World Investment Conference.
Speaking on the first day of the Riyad-based event, James Zhan, chair of the WIC executive board, said reforming the global financial system should be a priority alongside helping to deliver social and environmental reform.
The 28th WIC is being held from Nov. 25 to 27, and will see global stakeholders gather to explore investment trends and how best to foster sustainable development.
During a panel discussion titled “Impact Maximization: Leveraging Trade and Investment for Growth and Development,” Zhan said: “We need to embed investment strategies into the SDG implementation plans. We need to transform these international investment regimes into a kind of SDG promotion instrument.”
The SDGs are a set of 17 global objectives established by the UN to address pressing social, economic, and environmental challenges, aiming to achieve a sustainable and equitable future by 2030.
Zhan also called for transforming international investment: “We need to be practicing incentives for investment on the ground.”
Ibrahim Al-Mubarak, assistant minister of investment and CEO of the Saudi Investment Promotion Authority, outlined the Kingdom’s focused approach to investment.
“Our investment strategy focuses on quality, FDI. That’s a very big word. So, what I like to call it is smart capital,” he said.
Al-Mubarak also emphasized Saudi Arabia’s reform journey under Vision 2030, saying: “Since the launch of Vision 2030, we have set a very ambitious reform agenda. That reform agenda comes in various ways, be it in the reform of existing laws, launching new laws, removing subsidies.”
These reforms aim to bolster the Kingdom’s investment environment, which has already been recognized as the 16th most competitive economy globally, according to the IMD’s World Competitiveness Index.
Al-Mubarak highlighted the significance of comprehensive and consistent regulatory reforms in enhancing investment appeal.
One measure of this is the success of Saudi Arabia’s Regional Headquarters Program, which came into effect in January and encouraged multinational companies to set up regional offices in Riyadh.
“We already have exceeded our target by having 550 regional headquarters companies here. Our location, our infrastructure, our youth are enabling us to achieve those (goals), but they have to be clubbed with positive, unified, consistent regulatory reform agenda,” Al-Mubarak said.
The assistant minister highlighted that attracting investments requires groundwork, adding: “The promotion piece of investment is one thing, but the attraction is a much tougher one because it requires a lot more reforms and work on the ground, on the infrastructure, on the policies, on the procedures.”
Chairman of the Berlin Global Dialogue and Professor of Economics at the European School of Management and Technology Lars-Hendrik Roller called for a broader perspective on global investments.
“The world is changing, and now I think we need to look eye level (at) Africa and other continents as well,” he said.
He also cautioned about the interplay of foreign policy and national security with economic agendas, adding: “What is now overarching more and more (is) foreign policy and economic policy, national security issues. And I think we have to be very careful with that.”
Roller pointed out the distorting effects of subsidies on global markets and stressed the urgency of private investments in the green economy, saying: “We’re not going to solve the climate crisis unless we generate a lot more private investment in the green economy.”
Saudi Arabia unveils world’s largest food park in Jeddah, eyes $5.3bn in investments
JEDDAH: Saudi Arabia has officially launched the Jeddah Food Cluster, a major project aimed at transforming the city into a global business hub with an investment target of SR20 billion ($5.3 billion).
Spanning 11 million sq. meters, the cluster is now recognized by Guinness World Records as the largest food park in the world by area. The development is expected to create over 43,000 jobs, driving both local and national economic growth.
The opening ceremony, held on Nov. 24, was led by Prince Saud bin Mishal, deputy governor of Makkah, under the patronage of Prince Khaled Al-Faisal, governor of the Makkah region. It was attended by high-ranking officials, including Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Alkhorayef.
The inauguration of the cluster aligns with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, which seeks to strengthen food security, achieve self-sufficiency, develop food value chains, and establish the Kingdom as a regional hub for attracting both domestic and international investment in the food sector.
Located in Jeddah’s Second and Third Industrial Cities, the Jeddah Food Cluster is part of a larger industrial network in the Makkah region, which also includes industrial cities in Makkah and Taif. This region, which spans more than 50 million sq. meters, hosts over 2,000 industrial facilities specializing in sectors such as food production, pharmaceuticals, metals, and chemicals. The new food cluster is designed to enhance industrial productivity through cutting-edge infrastructure and strategic investments in key enablers.
Currently, the cluster houses 124 operational factories with investments totaling SR4.4 billion. These factories are estimated to produce around 4 million tonnes of goods annually across 10 industrial sectors and provide jobs for over 7,000 workers.
It also features 76 ready-to-use factories that comply with Saudi Food and Drug Authority standards. Additionally, the cluster has built a central laboratory to improve food quality and safety, as well as over 134,000 sq. meters of shared cold and dry storage facilities. By concentrating suppliers in one location, the cluster aims to create a sustainable, efficient supply chain.
The economic impact of the Jeddah Food Cluster is expected to be substantial, with national exports projected to increase by SR8 billion. The development is also anticipated to create thousands of job opportunities, particularly in the industrial and logistics sectors, and contribute approximately SR7 billion to Saudi Arabia’s GDP over the next decade. This aligns with the broader objectives of Saudi Arabia’s National Industrial Strategy and the National Industrial Development and Logistics Program, which aim to foster economic diversification and sustainable growth.
At the ceremony, MODON, the Saudi Authority for Industrial Cities and Technology Zones, announced that the Jeddah Food Cluster had achieved a significant milestone, receiving recognition from a global organization. Prince Saud also toured an exhibition showcasing the involvement of private companies and government entities in the food supply chain. This was followed by the presentation of the global recognition certificate.
Several memorandums of understanding and agreements were signed during the event. These partnerships, which include collaborations with Umm Al-Qura University, the National Academy for Industry, and Halal Products Development Co., focus on developing specialized training programs, improving food safety, and promoting quality control within the food industry.
Alkhorayef, in his speech, emphasized that the Jeddah Food Cluster represents more than just an industrial project—it is a key element in the Kingdom’s broader strategy for sustainable economic growth.
“Through this cluster, we aim to leverage the ministry’s capabilities to serve Jeddah, the Kingdom’s economic hub, and a prime investment destination,” he said.
He also highlighted the importance of connecting manufacturers, suppliers, and service providers to boost innovation and competitiveness, as well as to create new job opportunities, particularly for Saudi youth.
On the sidelines of the event, a panel discussion titled “The Future of Global Food Supply Chain Resilience for Innovation and Sustainability” was held, featuring industry leaders such as Abdullah bin Nasser Al-Badr, CEO of Almarai, Betty Ka, director of supply chain and delivery at the UN World Food Program, and Fabio Maia de Oliveira, general investment director at JBS Saudi Arabia. The panel explored strategies for building resilient and sustainable global food supply chains.
The launch of the Jeddah Food Cluster marks a significant step in Saudi Arabia’s ongoing efforts to diversify its economy and strengthen its position as a global leader in the food industry.
