Saudi Arabia’s unemployment rate falls to 5.1% in first quarter

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Job creation is a vital part of the ambitious economic agenda spearheaded by Crown prince Mohammed bin Salman to cut the Kingdom’s reliance on oil. (SPA)
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The construction industry is expected to create many job opportunities in Saudi Arabia (Shutterstock)
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Updated 29 June 2023
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Saudi Arabia’s unemployment rate falls to 5.1% in first quarter

  • Vision 2030 blueprint seeks to reduce the overall unemployment rate from 11.6 % in 2016 to 7% in 2030

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s jobs targets outlined in Vision 2023 have borne results, with its overall unemployment rate falling 0.9 percentage points to 5.1 percent in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period a year ago, official data showed. 

According to the latest report by the General Authority for Statistics, the labor force participation of Saudis increased annually by 2.3 percentage points in the first quarter. The employment-to-population ratio also increased by 2.9 percentage points. 

The Vision 2030 blueprint sought to reduce the overall unemployment rate from 11.6 percent in 2016 to 7 percent in 2030. 

Job creation, especially for Saudi nationals — over 60 percent of whom are under 35— is a vital part of the ambitious economic agenda spearheaded by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman to cut the Kingdom’s reliance on oil. 

According to the GASTAT report, workforce participation among female citizens is also rising. 

Labor force participation among Saudi females rose by 2.4 percentage points year on year in the first quarter of 2023 to 36 percent, remaining unchanged compared to the last quarter of 2022. 

However, the unemployment rate among Saudi males increased to 4.6 percent, up 0.4 percentage points from last quarter and down to 0.5 percentage points compared to the same period a year ago. 

The labor force participation rate and the employment-to-population ratio of Saudi males decreased respectively by 0.2 percentage points and 0.5 percentage points to 68.3 percent and 65.2 percent. 

The GASTAT report noted that the employment rate among Saudis declined by 1.6 percentage points in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the same period a year ago. 

The overall unemployment rate in the Kingdom, including Saudis and non-Saudis, increased by 0.3 percentage points in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the year-ago period. 

The Kingdom’s unemployment rate had fallen to an all-time low of 8 percent in the fourth quarter of 2022.  

Compared to the fourth quarter of 2022, the unemployment rate of Saudis rose by 0.5 percentage points to 8.5 percent in the first quarter of 2023, while the labor force participation of Saudis decreased to 52.4 percent during the same period. 

The non-oil private sector expansion is a crucial pillar of Vision 2030 aimed at diversifying the Kingdom’s economy. 

The report further revealed that 94.1 percent of unemployed Saudis would accept jobs in the private sector. Historically, the public sector has been the principal employer of Saudi citizens. 

The report added that 55.5 percent of unemployed Saudi females and 45 percent of unemployed Saudi males would accept a maximum commuting time to work of one hour. 

Moreover, 74.7 percent of unemployed Saudi females and 88.6 percent of unemployed Saudi males indicated they would accept work for eight hours or more per day. 

In an interview with Arab News earlier in June, Grace Najjar, Project Management Institute’s regional managing director for the Middle East and North Africa region, said that job creation in the Kingdom would accelerate further in the coming months, primarily due to the momentum at which giga-projects are getting developed in the Kingdom. 

According to Najjar, the construction industry is expected to create many job opportunities in Saudi Arabia, and the Kingdom is expected to witness high demand for skilled professionals, including project managers, engineers, architects, and skilled labor.   

“Currently, over 5,200 projects across Saudi Arabia with a combined worth of $819 billion are underway, representing 35 percent of all active GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) project values,” said Najjar.  

With such a vast number of projects, there will be a significant demand for skilled professionals in the construction industry, including project managers, engineers, architects and skilled labor. 

She added: “This demand is expected to continue to rise in the coming years, especially as Saudi Arabia and the entire GCC are on a path of economic diversification.” 

Najjar further noted that this boom in the construction industry would provide ample opportunities for Saudi nationals to explore newer options. 

“In recent years, there has been a push to develop local talent in Saudi Arabia, including in the construction sector. The government has implemented several initiatives to develop skills and create employment opportunities for Saudis, including the National Transformation Program,” she added. 

The latest Future Jobs report by the World Economic Forum indicated that the fastest-growing job roles in Saudi Arabia would be driven by technology and digitization. 

The report added that Saudi Arabia is expected to witness a sharp rise in demand for artificial intelligence and machine learning specialists as most businesses are undergoing digital transformation.


Closing Bell: Saudi main index rises to close at 12,331 

Updated 7 sec ago
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Closing Bell: Saudi main index rises to close at 12,331 

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s Tadawul All Share Index rose on Sunday, gaining 75.81 points, or 0.62 percent, to close at 12,331.87. 

The total trading turnover of the benchmark index was SR5.39 billion ($1.43 billion), as 148 of the stocks advanced and 78 retreated.    

Similarly, the Kingdom’s parallel market Nomu gained 101.41 points, or 0.32 percent, to close at 31,600.12. This comes as 49 of the listed stocks advanced, while 38 retreated.    

The MSCI Tadawul Index gained 10.75 points, or 0.70 percent, to close at 1,546.53.     

The best-performing stock of the day was Saudi Cable Co., which debuted on the main market on Sunday, with its share price surging 9.85 percent to SR113.80. 

Other top performers included Middle East Specialized Cables Co., with its share price rising 6.43 percent to SR45.50, and Zamil Industrial Investment Co., which saw its share price surge 5.65 percent to SR36.45. 

Saudi Reinsurance Co. recorded the biggest drop, with its share price falling 2.27 percent to SR56.00. 

Almoosa Health Co. saw its stock price decline by 2.60 percent to SR138.20, while Wataniya Insurance Co.'s share price dropped 1.75 percent to SR25.20.  

On the announcements front, Almarai Co. reported its consolidated financial results for the year ended Dec. 31. According to a Tadawul statement, the company posted a net profit of SR2.3 billion in 2024, marking a 12.8 percent increase compared to 2023. This growth was driven by higher revenue, disciplined cost control, and a favorable product mix. 

Despite the positive results, Almarai Co.’s share price ended the session at SR58.50, down 1.72 percent. 

City Cement Co. has signed a natural gas supply agreement with Saudi Aramco under the supervision of the Liquid Fuel Displacement Program. According to a bourse filing, the agreement aligns with efforts by the Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Industry and Mineral Resources to achieve the program's objectives. 

The filing also noted that the shift from liquid fuel to natural gas is expected to reduce emissions from the company’s production processes and enhance operational reliability. The financial impact of the agreement will be disclosed at a later date. 

City Cement Co.’s share price closed the session at SR18.80, up 1.17 percent. 

Saudi Arabian Mining Co., or Ma’aden, has provided an update on the development of its third phosphate fertilizer manufacturing project. According to a Tadawul statement, none of the associated contracts involve related parties, and the financial impact of these contracts remains unclear and will be disclosed once available. 

Ma’aden’s share price closed the session at SR48.60, up 1.66 percent. 


Saudi Arabia’s participation at WEF strengthens global push for innovation, AI

Updated 19 January 2025
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Saudi Arabia’s participation at WEF strengthens global push for innovation, AI

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s active participation in the World Economic Forum underscores its commitment to advancing global initiatives aimed at enhancing the digital economy, fostering innovation, and leveraging artificial intelligence, a senior official has stated. 

Minister of Communications and Information Technology Abdullah Al-Swaha emphasized that the Kingdom’s presence at the annual Davos meeting, held from Jan. 20 to 24, comes at a pivotal moment as the world transitions from the digital age to the era of artificial intelligence. 

Saudi Arabia’s participation aligns with its National Strategy for Data and AI, which seeks to position the country among the top 10 nations on the Open Data Index and the top 20 in peer-reviewed data and AI publications by 2030.  

The strategy also aims to attract SR30 billion ($7.9 billion) in cumulative foreign direct investment and SR45 billion in local investment in data and AI by the same year. 

In a statement to the Saudi Press Agency, Al-Swaha noted that the forum offers a global stage to showcase the Kingdom’s developmental, economic, and technological progress under the framework of Vision 2030. 

He highlighted Saudi Arabia’s collaboration with the international community to harness AI as a vital tool for propelling sustainable development and achieving shared global objectives.  

He underlined that these endeavors aim to enhance quality of life, bolster the digital economy, and generate fresh employment opportunities across diverse sectors, all contributing to a sustainable and prosperous future for everyone. 

Earlier this month, the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, in collaboration with King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and consultancy firm Hello Tomorrow, released a report highlighting Saudi Arabia’s advancements in deep technology. 

The report revealed that up to 50 percent of the Kingdom’s deep tech startups are focused on developing artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. It also noted that more than 43 high-growth startups in Saudi Arabia collectively secured over $987 million in funding by 2022. 

The funding surge was attributed to a rapidly expanding investment ecosystem, which ranked among the top three in the Middle East and North Africa for funding volume and deals. 

In September 2024, an analysis by global consulting firm Strategy& Middle East projected that Saudi Arabia’s technology sector could achieve an SR15 billion increase in operating profit by 2028 through the adoption of generative AI. 

The study suggested that a 15-percentage-point margin growth is attainable if technology companies capitalize on the demand for advanced hardware and infrastructure while developing and commercializing new generative AI use cases. 


Saudi Arabia’s holdings in US treasuries at $135.6bn in November

Updated 19 January 2025
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Saudi Arabia’s holdings in US treasuries at $135.6bn in November

  • Kingdom’s holdings in US treasuries increased by 5.85 percent in November compared to the same month in 2023
  • Saudi Arabia is only GCC country to secure a place among the top 20 holders of US Treasury securities

RIYADH: Saudi Arabia’s holdings in US treasuries reached $135.6 billion by the end of November, representing a marginal decline of 2.58 percent compared to October, official data showed. 

The Kingdom’s holdings in US treasuries stood at $139.2 billion in October, while it was $143.9 billion and $142.8 billion in September and August, respectively. 

Data released by the US Treasury Department revealed that Saudi Arabia maintained its 17th place among the largest holders of such financial instruments in November. 

The Kingdom and other nations are investing in these bonds for their safety, diversification benefits, and alignment with their economic relationships with the US.

The latest data also said that Saudi Arabia is the only country in the Gulf Cooperation Council region to secure a place among the top 20 holders of US Treasury securities. 

The Kingdom’s holdings in US treasuries increased by 5.85 percent in November compared to the same month in 2023, according to the report.

Saudi Arabia’s holdings of US Treasuries were distributed among long-term bonds worth $112.3 billion, representing 83 percent of the total.

Short-term bonds amounted to $23.2 billion, accounting for 17 percent. 

The report said Japan was the largest investor in US treasury bonds in November, with holdings totaling $1.09 trillion, representing a decline of 0.91 percent compared to October. 

Japan was followed by China and the UK, with portfolios valued at $768.6 billion and $765.6 billion, respectively. Luxembourg and the Cayman Islands were ranked fourth and fifth on the list, with treasury holdings amounting to $424.5 billion and $397 billion. 

Canada secured the sixth spot with holdings worth $374.4 billion, closely followed by Belgium with portfolios of $361.3 billion. 

Ireland came in eighth with treasury reserves worth $338.1 billion, followed by France and Switzerland, with assets amounting to $332.5 billion and $300.6 billion, respectively.

Taiwan was ranked 11th on the list, with treasury holdings worth $286.9 billion. 

Singapore came in the 12th spot with assets amounting to $257.7 billion, followed by Hong Kong and India, with holdings worth $255.7 billion and $234 billion. 

The UAE held US treasury holdings worth $73.13 billion by the end of November. Kuwait also maintained a steady presence in the US Treasury market, with its holdings standing at $51.2 billion.


Kuwait’s non-oil exports hit $75m in December 2024

Updated 19 January 2025
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Kuwait’s non-oil exports hit $75m in December 2024

JEDDAH: Kuwait’s non-oil exports rose to 23.2 million dinars ($74.9 million) in December 2024, a 12.08 percent increase from November, according to data from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. 

The ministry’s Department of International Organizations and Foreign Trade Affairs reported that 1,766 certificates of origin were issued for Kuwaiti exports to Gulf Cooperation Council countries in December, with a total value of around 16 million dinars.  

This marked a slight decline in volume compared to November 2024, which saw 1,785 certificates valued at approximately 11.4 million dinars. 

The rise in December exports comes despite broader economic challenges. A recent report from the International Monetary Fund highlighted Kuwait’s ongoing recovery in its non-oil sector amid easing inflation.  

However, the IMF noted that the country’s real gross domestic product contracted by 1.5 percent year on year in the second quarter of 2024, driven by a 6.8 percent decline in the oil sector, offset by a 4.2 percent expansion in non-oil activities. 

Exports to Arab countries included 336 certificates covering 11 nations, totaling 7 million dinars in December, down from 8.9 million dinars across 10 countries in November. 

European exports saw modest growth, with five certificates issued to four countries, valued at 179,413 dinars in December, compared to three certificates worth 47,811 dinars issued to three countries in the prior month. 

Kuwaiti exports to African markets showed an uptick, with three certificates issued for three countries in December, valued at 26,027 dinars, up from one certificate worth 16,071 dinars issued in November. 

In the Americas, five certificates were issued for one country in December, valued at 150,060 dinars, marking a decline from November’s 10 certificates worth 223,296 dinars, which covered three countries. 

Asian and Australian markets saw six certificates issued for four countries, valued at 39,544 dinars in December, compared to five certificates worth 51,662 dinars issued to three countries in November. 

The ministry clarified that certain Kuwaiti exports do not require certificates of origin, meaning the figures reflect only shipments processed through the ministry. This underscores the evolving nature of global trade dynamics, where some importers bypass formal documentation for specific products. 

Kuwait’s exports continue to gain traction in global markets, spanning GCC nations, Arab countries, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. Key export products include liquid gases, foodstuffs, and polyethylene, as well as organic solvents, and packaging materials like empty cartons. 

Additionally, refined oils, mineral oils, medical oxygen, dairy products, empty glass bottles, and copper rods remain significant contributors to Kuwait’s export portfolio, according to KUNA. 


GCC ports rank among world’s top 70 for efficiency in 2024

Updated 19 January 2025
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GCC ports rank among world’s top 70 for efficiency in 2024

RIYADH: Ports in the Gulf Cooperation Council have earned global recognition, with 10 container terminals ranking among the 70 most efficient worldwide in 2024, according to newly released data.

The rankings highlight the growing importance of the Gulf region in international shipping and logistics.

The ports were selected from a pool of 405 terminals globally, underscoring the region’s increasing role in global trade, the Emirates News Agency reported, citing data from the GCC Statistics Center.

In addition to port efficiency, countries in the region—Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Oman, and Qatar—have been ranked among the top 35 nations for the size of their maritime fleets by tonnage and capacity, according to the UN Conference on Trade and Development’s 2024 report.

The GCC Statistics Center noted that the Gulf’s commercial fleets now account for 54.2 percent of the total Arab shipping fleet, reinforcing the region’s status as a major player in global maritime trade. With more than 25 major seaports across its member states, the GCC’s maritime infrastructure is positioned for further growth.

On container productivity, two Gulf ports have secured rankings among the world’s top performers, handling more than 4 million containers annually. Another eight ports were classified as medium performers, with annual container throughput ranging between 500,000 and 4 million. These results reflect the region’s substantial investments in port infrastructure and logistics capabilities.

The GCC countries—Saudi Arabia, Oman, the UAE, and Qatar—are continuing to enhance port efficiency and productivity through strategic investments aimed at establishing the region as a critical global trade hub. These efforts include significant infrastructure upgrades, operational improvements, and policy initiatives designed to strengthen the competitiveness of the Gulf's maritime sectors.

In Saudi Arabia, the government’s Vision 2030 framework, under the National Industrial Development and Logistics Program, seeks to position the Kingdom as a global logistics hub. Key projects led by the Saudi Ports Authority include a SR640 million ($170.5 million) expansion of Jeddah Islamic Port’s berths to accommodate mega container ships with capacities of up to 24,000 twenty-foot equivalent units. Additionally, the government has allocated over SR7 billion to upgrade container terminals at King Abdulaziz Port in Dammam, enhancing both infrastructure and operational capacity to boost trade competitiveness.

Oman is capitalizing on its strategic location to strengthen its role in global maritime trade. The country is making substantial investments in port infrastructure, integrating advanced technologies to improve operational efficiency and streamline logistics operations.

The UAE continues to lead the maritime sector, with Dubai’s Jebel Ali Port ranked as the world’s ninth-largest container port. The UAE is home to DP World, one of the largest port operators globally, managing 181 terminals across 64 countries.

In Qatar, port infrastructure development is central to the country’s broader economic diversification strategy. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has introduced incentives, including reduced service fees, to attract foreign investment and enhance the business environment, with the goal of integrating Qatari ports more fully into global trade networks.

GCC-Stat emphasized the region’s commitment to sustainable port development, noting that the focus on sustainability has positioned Gulf ports as key players in global supply chains. The organization also highlighted the strategic importance of Gulf maritime operations in maintaining regional security and stability.

The GCC’s ongoing investments in port infrastructure and sustainable practices are expected to further solidify the region’s role as a critical node in global trade.